Use of a Systems Pharmacology Model Based Approach Toward Dose Optimization of Parathyroid Hormone Therapy in Hypoparathyroidism.

We present an application of a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model to support a regulatory decision, specifically in assessing the adequacy of the proposed dosing regimen. On January 23, 2015, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Natpara (human parathyroid hormone (PTH)) to control hypocalcemia in patients with hypoparathyroidism. Clinical trial results indicated that although once-daily PTH reduced calcium and vitamin D dose requirement while maintaining the normocalcemia, the regimen was not adequate to control hypercalciuria.

A review of smoking cessation: potentially risky effects on prescribed medications.

Aims And Objectives: To identify prescription drugs that require dosage adjustment or monitoring in patients who quit smoking and to provide recommendations for dosage adjustment based on available evidence.

Background: Health care providers are urged to facilitate smoking cessation for patients who smoke, but the effects of smoking cessation on the metabolism of some drugs is not routinely considered.

Design: A comprehensive literature review.

Salvia divinorum and salvinorin A: an update on pharmacology and analytical methodology.

Salvia divinorum L. (Lamiaceae) has been used for centuries by the Mazatecan culture and has gained popularity as a recreational drug in recent years. Its potent hallucinogenic effects seen in case reports has triggered research and led to the discovery of the first highly selective non-nitrogenous kappa opioid receptor agonist salvinorin A.