Publications by authors named "Ime Essien"
Article Synopsis
- - Increasing interest in large language models (LLMs) in medicine is driven by their strong performance on medical exams, but these exams fail to reflect the complexities of real patient-doctor interactions due to various biases.
- - Researchers created the BiasMedQA dataset, which modifies 1,273 USMLE questions to incorporate common clinical cognitive biases, and assessed six LLMs’ performances on this dataset.
- - Results showed that GPT-4 performed better against biases than other LLMs, and while three bias mitigation strategies improved accuracy, they did not completely resolve the issue, indicating a need for better LLM robustness in healthcare applications.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors influencing dyslipidaemia among adults in Nigeria using the WHO criteria for serum lipid levels.
- A total of 3,211 adults from both rural and urban communities were analyzed, revealing high rates of low HDL cholesterol (72.5%) and elevated levels of LDL cholesterol (13.6%), triglycerides (21.4%), and cholesterol (7.5%).
- Factors such as obesity, living in rural areas, and having hypertension or diabetes were found to significantly increase the odds of dyslipidaemia among adults.
Background: Estimating the burden of hypertension in Nigeria hitherto relied on clinic blood pressure (BP) measurement alone. This excludes individuals with masked hypertension (MH), i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssessment of level of salt intake in a population is the first step toward planning strategies aimed at salt reduction. As a surrogate of salt intake, we measured a single 24-hour urine sodium (uNa) of free-living 2503 adults in a nationally representative sample of Nigerians drawn from 12 rural and urban communities; and evaluated the community-level association of uNa with blood pressure (BP). Overall, the median (interquartile range (IQR)) of uNa was 99 (105) mmol, ranging from 23.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies that evaluated the prevalence, awareness and treatment of hypertension in Nigeria were either localized to some specific regions of the country or non-standardized thereby making evaluation of trend in hypertension care difficult.
Methods: We used the World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach to chronic disease risk factor surveillance to evaluate in a nationally representative sample of 4192 adult Nigerians selected from a rural and an urban community in one state in each of the six geo-political zones of the country.
Results: The overall age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 38.
Previous studies that evaluated the prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria were either clinic based, non-standardized or did not include out-of-clinic blood pressure (BP) measurement. We selected a rural and an urban community in one state in each of the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria. Five consecutive BP of adults older than 18 years were measured in the clinic following which, each participant was provided with a home BP device to obtain duplicate morning and evening BP for 3 days.
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