Advancing a machine learning-based decision support tool for pre-hospital assessment of dyspnoea by emergency medical service clinicians: a retrospective observational study.

Background: In Sweden with about 10 million inhabitants, there are about one million primary ambulance missions every year. Among them, around 10% are assessed by Emergency Medical Service (EMS) clinicians with the primary symptom of dyspnoea. The risk of death among these patients has been reported to be remarkably high, at 11,1% and 13,2%.

Gut microbiota markers in early childhood are linked to farm living, pets in household and allergy.

Background: Children growing up on farms or with pets have a lower risk of developing allergy, which may be linked to their gut microbiota development during infancy.

Methods: Children from the FARMFLORA birth cohort (N = 65), of whom 28 (43%) lived on a dairy farm and 40 (62%) had pets, provided fecal samples at intervals from 3 days to 18 months of age. Gut microbiota composition was characterized using quantitative microbial culture of various typical anaerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria, with colonization rate and population counts of bacterial groups determined at the genus or species level.

Circulating concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in preeclampsia with varying disease severity.

Objectives: To assess whether plasma concentrations of the circulating inflammatory proteins Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) are increased in women with preeclampsia with end-organ complications, compared with women with preeclampsia without end-organ complications.

Study Design: We used samples from a large prospective biobank collection (Preeclampsia Obstetric Adverse Event biobank), and two large, randomized preeclampsia therapeutic treatment trials. All samples were collected in Cape Town, South Africa.

Cerebral infarcts, edema, hypoperfusion, and vasospasm in preeclampsia and eclampsia.

Background: Eclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication and is associated with cerebral edema and infarctions. However, the underlying pathophysiology of eclampsia remains poorly explored.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the pathophysiology of eclampsia using specialized magnetic resonance imaging to measure diffusion, perfusion, and vasospasm.

Association Between Maternal Infections in Pregnancy and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Offspring: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts.

Background: The association of infections and antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development in the offspring have been scarcely investigated. We examined infection and antibiotic use in pregnancy and the risk of IBD in offspring.

Methods: We followed participants from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian mother father and child cohort (MoBa) from birth (1997-2009) until 2020-2021.

Telemedicine and home spirometry in cystic fibrosis: A prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: Telehealth and home spirometry feasibility for children has been established, but their impact on cystic fibrosis (CF) disease progression remains unassessed. We aimed to evaluate the effects of telehealth and home spirometry on CF disease progression and care.

Methods: Children with CF aged 5-17 years from all Swedish CF centers were provided with home spirometers.

Does metformin prolong pregnancy in preterm pre-eclampsia? A study protocol for a South African, hospital-based double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Preterm pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The Pre-eclampsia Intervention 2 (PI 2) trial suggested that metformin sustained release (XR) may prolong gestation by a week in pregnant women undergoing expectant management (7.6 days, geometric mean ratio 1.

Place of care and death preferences among recently bereaved family members: a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: The aim was: (1) to investigate preferred place for end-of-life care and death for bereaved family members who had recently lost a person with advanced illness and (2) to investigate associations between bereaved family members' preferences and individual characteristics, health-related quality of life, as well as associations with their perception of the quality of care that the ill person had received, the ill person's preferred place of death and involvement in decision-making about care.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey with bereaved family members, employing descriptive statistics and multinominal logistic regression analyses.

Results: Of the 485 participants, 70.

Discordance between mean glucose and time in range in relation to HbA in individuals with type 1 diabetes: results from the GOLD and SILVER trials.

Aims/hypothesis: Previous studies have shown that individuals with similar mean glucose levels (MG) or percentage of time in range (TIR) may have different HbA values. The aim of this study was to further elucidate how MG and TIR are associated with HbA.

Methods: Data from the randomised clinical GOLD trial (n=144) and the follow-up SILVER trial (n=98) of adults with type 1 diabetes followed for 2.

Effects, Safety, and Treatment Experience of Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop Systems in Clinical Practice Among Adults Living With Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: There are few studies providing a more comprehensive picture of advanced hybrid closed-loop (AHCL) systems in clinical practice. The aim was to evaluate the effects of the AHCL systems, Tandem t: slim X2™ with Control IQ™, and MiniMed™ 780G, on glucose control, safety, treatment satisfaction, and practical barriers for individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Method: One hundred forty-two randomly selected adults with type 1 diabetes at six diabetes outpatient clinics in Sweden at any time treated with either the Tandem Control IQ (TCIQ) or the MiniMed 780G system were included.

Treatment Satisfaction and Well-Being With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in People With Type 1 Diabetes: An Analysis Based on the GOLD Randomized Trial.

Background: The GOLD trial demonstrated that continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) managed with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) improved not only glucose control but also overall well-being and treatment satisfaction. This analysis investigated which factors contributed to improved well-being and treatment satisfaction with CGM.

Methods: The GOLD trial was a randomized crossover trial comparing CGM versus self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) over 16 months.

Impact of fetal growth restriction on pregnancy outcome in women undergoing expectant management for preterm pre-eclampsia.

Objectives: To assess whether coexisting fetal growth restriction (FGR) influences pregnancy latency among women with preterm pre-eclampsia undergoing expectant management. Secondary outcomes assessed were indication for delivery, mode of delivery and rate of serious adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the Pre-eclampsia Intervention (PIE) and the Pre-eclampsia Intervention 2 (PI2) trial data.

Evaluation of Effects of Continuous Glucose Monitoring on Physical Activity Habits and Blood Lipid Levels in Persons With Type 1 Diabetes Managed With Multiple Daily Insulin Injections: An Analysis Based on the GOLD Randomized Trial (GOLD 8).

Background: People with type 1 diabetes generally view it easier to exercise when having continuous information of the glucose levels. We evaluated whether patients with type 1 diabetes managed with multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) exercised more after initiating continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and whether the improved glycemic control and well-being associated with CGM translates into improved blood lipids and markers of inflammation.

Method: The GOLD trial was a randomized cross-over trial over 16 months where patients used either CGM or capillary self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) over six months, with a four-month wash-out period between the two treatment periods.

Cerebral biomarkers in neurologic complications of preeclampsia.

Background: There is no tool to accurately predict who is at risk of developing neurologic complications of preeclampsia, and there is no objective method to determine disease severity.

Objective: We assessed whether plasma concentrations of the cerebral biomarkers neurofilament light, tau, and glial fibrillary acidic protein could reflect disease severity in several phenotypes of preeclampsia. Furthermore, we compared the cerebral biomarkers with the angiogenic biomarkers soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1, placental growth factor, and soluble endoglin.

Chest X-rays are less sensitive than multiple breath washout examinations when it comes to detecting early cystic fibrosis lung disease.

Aim: Annual chest X-ray is recommended as routine surveillance to track cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical utility of chest X-rays to track CF lung disease.

Methods: Children at Gothenburg's CF centre who underwent chest X-rays, multiple breath washouts and chest computed tomography examinations between 1996 and 2016 were included in the study.

Effect of liraglutide on markers of insulin production in persons with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections.

In this post-hoc analysis of data from a randomised clinical trial, we compared the effect of liraglutide to placebo on markers of insulin secretion in persons with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections. Liraglutide increased insulin secretion, measured by C-peptide, by 19% after 24 weeks of treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: EudraCT 2012-001941-42.

Effects of seawater scrubbing on a microplanktonic community during a summer-bloom in the Baltic Sea.

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has gradually applied stricter regulations on the maximum sulphur content permitted in marine fuels and from January 1, 2020, the global fuel sulphur limit was reduced from 3.5% to 0.5%.

Historical HbA Values May Explain the Type 2 Diabetes Legacy Effect: UKPDS 88.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes all-cause mortality (ACM) and myocardial infarction (MI) glycemic legacy effects have not been explained. We examined their relationships with prior individual HbA values and explored the potential impact of instituting earlier, compared with delayed, glucose-lowering therapy.

Research Design And Methods: Twenty-year ACM and MI hazard functions were estimated from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in 3,802 UK Prospective Diabetes Study participants.

Methodological approach for measuring the effects of organisational-level interventions on employee withdrawal behaviour.

Background: Theoretical frameworks have recommended organisational-level interventions to decrease employee withdrawal behaviours such as sickness absence and employee turnover. However, evaluation of such interventions has produced inconclusive results. The aim of this study was to investigate if mixed-effects models in combination with time series analysis, process evaluation, and reference group comparisons could be used for evaluating the effects of an organisational-level intervention on employee withdrawal behaviour.

Variables associated with insulin production in persons with type 2 diabetes treated with multiple daily insulin injections.

From the MDI-liraglutide study, we evaluated variables associated with endogenous insulin production in persons with multiple daily insulin injections-treated type 2 diabetes by relating C-peptide, proinsulin and proinsulin/C-peptide ratio at baseline to baseline variables. Lower insulin production was related to longer diabetes duration, shorter abdominal sagittal diameter and more glycaemic variability.