[Bacterial and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in urological infection].

Antibacterial activities of imipenem (MK-0787), cefazolin (CEZ), cefmenoxime (CMX) and cefoperazone (CPZ) were measured by using an agar dilution method against 243 strains of bacteria isolated from the patients with urinary tract infections. The MIC80 of MK-0787 against S. epidermidis, E.

The relation between Ames test data and electronic structure for a series of benzidine derivatives investigated by using cluster analysis.

The dose-response curves of benzidine derivatives calculated from Ames test data were analyzed by combining the least-squares method with cluster analysis. The calculations of the electronic structures of various benzidine derivatives have at the same time been performed by using the CNDO/2 method. The cluster analysis was carried out on various parameters concerning the electronic structure, such as total electron density, frontier electron density, the energy level of HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), and so on.

Functional recovery of the bladder in patients with spinal cord injury--prognosticating programs of an aseptic intermittent catheterization.

Ninety patients with spinal cord injury were managed by aseptic intermittent catheterization program I (preventing the over-distension of the bladder) and program II (allowing overdistension) in which recovery of bladder function and the clinical effects were comparatively investigated. Using program I, cases with positive BCR restored the automaticity of the bladder on average 8 weeks after injury. When urinary incontinence first occurs during aseptic intermittent catheterization, urinary training may be commenced since the bladder has then recovered from spinal shock.

Over-distension therapy of the bladder in paraplegic patients using self-catheterisation: a preliminary study.

Over-distension therapy was performed in 60 patients during the period of spinal shock after complete spinal cord injury. Forty-five developed upper motor neurone (UMN) hypo-active decompensated bladder function and 39 achieved satisfactory social activity without urinary incontinence using self-catheterisation. Self catheterisation appeared a safer and more comfortable means of urinary management than trigger voiding in paraplegics with complete spinal cord injury.

[Four case reports of sarcoma combined with carcinoma].

We report 4 cases of double cancer, combined sarcoma and carcinoma. Case 1 was a 50-year-old woman, had a malignant fibrous histiocytoma in the leg and an advanced gastric carcinoma. The soft tissue sarcoma was resected and the gastric carcinoma was treated with chemotherapy.

A molecular orbital treatment on the reactivity of some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diol-epoxides.

The total energies of several aromatic hydrocarbon diol-epoxides and their carbonium cations were calculated by using the semi-empirical CNDO/2 SCF MO calculations. The reactivity of the diol-epoxides toward electrophilic reagents was evaluated from the energy difference between the diol-epoxide and its carbonium cation. Next, the total energies of the diol-epoxides and their carbonium cations were divided into several components, which represent the contributions of parts of molecules to the total energy.

Classification of compounds by cluster analysis of Ames test data.

The dose-response curves for various compounds in the Ames test were analyzed by combining the least-squares method with cluster analysis. The following theoretical equation was employed: m(x) = (B + Sx)exp(-Tx), where m(x) is the number of revertants at the dose of x; B, the background number; S, the mutagenicity rate; and T, the toxicity rate. This equation is derived from a one-hit model modified to take account of the toxicity, and the parameters B, S and T are determined by applying the least-squares method for the fitting between theoretical and experimental dose-response curves with the use of the program package SALS (statistical analysis with least-squares fitting).

Carnitine depletion as a probable cause of hyperlipidemia in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

The mechanism of te development of hemodialysis hyperlipidemia was investigated in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Hemodialysis treatment lost large amounts of carnitine from blood into the dialysate fluid, resulting in the reduction in serum concentration of carnitine. After the treatments were repeated for more than 12 months, the serum concentration of carnitine reduced markedly and the serum triglyceride level increased significantly.

Effect of aging on lipid and carnitine metabolism.

In healthy subjects aged 20 to 50 years, the urinary excretion of carnitine and its serum concentration increased rapidly and markedly after synthetic beta 1-24 ACTH-Z was injected. Their serum triglyceride levels changed inversely. In contrast, healthy subjects older than 70 and patients aged 45 to 50 with atherosclerosis exhibited lower and delayed changes of carnitine excretion and serum concentrations of carnitine and lipid after ACTH injection.

[Studies on recurrent and metastatic cases of the early stomach cancer--from diagnostic aspect].

There were 256 cases of the early stomach cancer resected, from 1967 to '77 in National Hospital-Sapporo. First, 4 recurrent cases of these 256 cases (1.6%) are analyzed and concluded.

The separation procedure for intrauterine adhesion (synechia uteri) under roentgenographic view.

For 32 patients with infertility who were thought to have synechia uteri without having any other apparent cause of sterility, the separation procedure of intrauterine adhesion was successfully performed, with the use of an artificial insemination cannula under roentgenographic view while infusing an oleaginous contrast medium of the appropriate viscosity through the cannula. After the operation, two contraceptive intrauterine rings were used, as a rule, for prevention of readhesion. The rings were removed 3 months afterward.

[Iron, folate and vitamin B12 in maternal blood and breast milk (author's transl)].

Maternal blood and milk iron (Fe), folate (FA), vitamin B12 (B12) and serum ferritin (Fr) were determined in four groups of lactating mothers: normal, toxemic, anemic and treated anemic during pregnancy. 1. An increasing blood Fe, Fr and a decreasing milk Fe with time in postpartum were found in each group.

Cerebral energy state and glycolytic metabolism during lidocaine infusion in the rat.

The effects of intravenously administered lidocaine on the cerebral cortical energy state and glycolytic metabolism were studied in rats. In one series, rats were divided into five groups according to EEG patterns, i.e.

Some quantitative evaluation of first-pass metabolism of salicylamide in rabbit and rat.

The first-pass metabolism of salicylamide (SAM) was studied in rabbits and rats paying main attention to the amounts of the glucuronide (SAMG) and sulfate (SAMS) formed. The roles of the intestine and liver for SAMG and SAMS formation during the first-pass were also examined quantitatively. Further, an equation was developed to estimate the hepatic first-pass metabolism based on the experiments of intravenous and oral administration and intestinal perfusion experiment.

A molecular orbital study on the chemical reactivity and biological activity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diol-epoxides in connection with bay region theory.

Electronic structures of naphthalene-, anthracene-, phenanthrene-, and benzo-[a]pyrene-diol-epoxides were calculated by using CNDO/2 method together with the energy minimization method. By using these methods, the most stable geometry of molecules was automatically obtained. By comparing the total energy of phenanthrene-diol-epoxide with that of anthracene-diol-epoxide, the role of the bay region was studied in connection with the chemical reactivity.

Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in patients with type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia.

Serum-lipid concentrations were determined in patients with type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia treated with 900 mg/day oral DL-carnitine chloride. Serum-triglyceride was significantly reduced and concentrations continued to decline as carnitine administration continued. Total and esterified cholesterol concentrations did not change.

Urinary excretion of carnitine in patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: augmentation by thyroid hormone.

Urinary excretion of carnitine and serum concentrations of carnitine, triglyceride, and free fatty acids were measured in 54 hyperthyroid and 13 hypothyroid patients, and the results were compared with those of normal subjects. In hyperthyroid patients urinary excretion of carnitine was highly increased above that of the control subjects. On adequate treatment with antithyroid drug, carnitine excretion was reduced to the normal range, and serum lipids changed in parallel.

Urinary excretion of carnitine and serum concentrations of carnitine and lipids in patients with hypofunctional endocrine diseases: involvement of adrenocorticoid and thyroid hormones in ACTH-induced augmentation of carnitine and lipids metabolism.

The promoting effect of ACTH on carnitine and lipid metabolism was studied in patients with various endocrine hypofunctions. The results were compared with those of normal subjects. In adrenocortical insufficiency, hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism urinary excretion of carnitine was significantly lower than in normal subjects.

A molecular orbital study on the interaction between the cytochrome P-450 and its substrates.

Models for the interaction of the cytochrome P-450 with its substrates, namely for the type I interaction are proposed in which the molecular planes of the aromatic substrate and the porphyrins of P-450 are in parallel. Optical values such as transition energies and oscillator strengths for the isolated P-450 and P-450-substrate complex are calculated by means of molecular orbital method (ASMO SCF CI method), and they are compared with the observed values. The fact that no appreciable shift in the absorption peak of Soret band of P-450 was observed upon addition of substrate is reflected well in the calculation.