Effectiveness of Pharmacotherapy in Reducing the Inflammation Process of Spinal Cord Injuries: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.

Currently, there is no gold standard technique in SCI therapy. Although there have been many systematic reviews on the pharmacological treatment of inflammation in SCI, there has been no published discussion regarding the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy when viewed from a neuroinflammatory pathway. This research aimed to examine an effective and reliable medication for decreasing inflammation in SCI and, where possible, identify effective pharmacotherapeutic treatment protocols.

Acceleration of Bone Fracture Healing through the Use of Bovine Hydroxyapatite or Calcium Lactate Oral and Implant Bovine Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin on Bone Defect Animal Model.

Bone grafts a commonly used therapeutic technique for the reconstruction and facilitation of bone regeneration due to fractures. BHA-GEL (bovine hydroxyapatite-gelatin) pellet implants have been shown to be able accelerate the process of bone repair by looking at the percentage of new bone, and the contact between the composite and bone. Based on these results, a study was conducted by placing BHA-GEL (9:1) pellet implants in rabbit femoral bone defects, accompanied by 500 mg oral supplement of BHA or calcium lactate to determine the effectiveness of addition supplements.

The Effect of Green Tea with EGCG Active Compound in Enhancing the Expression of M2 Microglia Marker (CD206).

Background: Stroke is a neurological deficit due to vascular disorders. Microglia are the first line of defense against brain injury. Anti-inflammatory cytokines activate M2 microglia, which upregulate CD206.

Green tea and its active compound epigallocathechin-3-gallate (EGCG) inhibit neuronal apoptosis in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Objectives: To determine the effect of green tea with the active ingredient epigallocathechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on the inhibition of apoptosis in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Methods: Four month old male rats with a body weight of 200-275 g was used for the MCAO model and divided into five groups, and the treatment was carried out for 7 days. Before being sacrificed, the subject had 1 cc of blood drawn for high mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1) examination using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and after being sacrificed, the brain tissue specimen was taken to examine caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 3 (BCL-3) using immunohistochemistry methods.

The effect of (green tea) with its active compound EGCG on neuronal cell necroptosis in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model.

Objectives: To determine the inhibition effect of (EGCG) and green tea extract on neuronal necroptosis based on necroptosis morphology.

Methods: study was performed on male middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model divided into five groups, MCAO-control groups, EGCG 10 mg/kg BW/day, EGCG 20 mg/kg BW/day, EGCG 30 mg/kg BW/day, and green tea extract 30 mg/kg BW/day for 7 days treatment. MCAO model was made by modification method using Bulldog clamp.

Attenuation of hyperplasia in lung parenchymal and colonic epithelial cells in DMBA-induced cancer by administering Nees extract using animal model.

Objectives: This study was designed to evaluate the potential of ethanolic extract to inhibit the increase in proliferation and induction of abnormal cell death.

Methods: The hyperplasia stage as an early stage of cancer development was induced by oral administration of 20 mg/Kg BW DMBA to SD rats twice a week for 5 weeks. There were five groups in this study include negative control, positive control, and treatment groups of DMBA induction followed by administration of ethanolic extract in doses equivalent to 10, 30 or 100 mg/Kg BW andrographolide once per day for 6 consecutive weeks.

Apoptosis-Inducing Factor, Protein Expression, and Apoptosis Changes with Glutamine in Podocytes Cells Exposed with Cisplatin.

Cisplatin is a well-known chemotherapeutic drug. It is one of the most effective anticancer agents and is widely used for the treatment of several types of tumors. However, side effects in normal tissues and organs, such as nephrotoxicity that induces apoptosis in epithelial cells in the kidney, limit the use of cisplatin.

Effect of Intravenous Glutamine on Caspase-12 Expression in the Apoptosis of the Glomerular Epithelial Cells of Male Rats Exposed to Cisplatin.

Objective: Cisplatin is potent chemotherapy for broad-spectrum malignancies treatment, but its use is limited by organ toxicity effects, including nephrotoxicity. Glutamine prevents cisplatin nephrotoxicity by inhibiting the oxidative stress in kidney cell apoptosis.

Methods: This research examined the nephroprotective effects of intravenous glutamine on the glomerular epithelium of male rats (Rattus norvegicus).