A P300-based brain-computer interface with stimuli on moving objects: four-session single-trial and triple-trial tests with a game-like task design.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) are tools for controlling computers and other devices without using muscular activity, employing user-controlled variations in signals recorded from the user's brain. One of the most efficient noninvasive BCIs is based on the P300 wave of the brain's response to stimuli and is therefore referred to as the P300 BCI. Many modifications of this BCI have been proposed to further improve the BCI's characteristics or to better adapt the BCI to various applications.

Event-related potentials in a moving matrix modification of the P300 brain-computer interface paradigm.

In the standard design of the brain-computer interfaces (BCI) based on the P300 component of the event-related potentials (ERP), target and non-target stimuli are presented at fixed positions in a motionless matrix. Can we let this matrix be moving (e.g.

N1 wave in the P300 BCI is not sensitive to the physical characteristics of stimuli.

One of the widely used paradigms for the brain-computer interface (BCI), the P300 BCI, was proposed by Farwell and Donchin as a variation of the classical visual oddball paradigm, known to elicit the P300 component of the brain event-related potentials (ERP). We show that this paradigm, unlike the standard oddball paradigm, elicit not only the P300 wave but also a strong posterior N1 wave. Moreover, we present evidence that the sensitivity of this ERP component to targets cannot be explained by the variations of the perceived stimuli energy.