Peritoneal cancer index predicts severe complications after ovarian cancer surgery.

Introduction: prediction and importance of severe postoperative complications after ovarian cancer surgery is a strong issue in patient selection and evaluation. Pre- and early peroperative predictors of severe 30-days postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo class ≥3) after surgery for primary ovarian cancer are not fully established, neither their impact on patients' survival.

Materials And Methods: A prospective observational study included 256 patients with primary ovarian cancer FIGO stages IIB-IV, operated during 2009-2018 in a primary or interval debulking surgery setting.

Validation of F-FDG PET/MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI for estimating the extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis in ovarian and endometrial cancer -a pilot study.

Background: The extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis is difficult to estimate preoperatively, but a valid measure would be important in identifying operable patients. The present study set out to validate the usefulness of integrated F-FDG PET/MRI, in comparison with diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI), for estimation of the extent of peritoneal carcinomatosis in patients with gynaecological cancer.

Methods: Whole-body PET/MRI was performed on 34 patients with presumed carcinomatosis of gynaecological origin, all scheduled for surgery.

The Peritoneal Cancer Index is a Strong Predictor of Incomplete Cytoreductive Surgery in Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Extent of tumor load is an important factor in the selection of ovarian cancer patients for cytoreductive surgery (CRS). The Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) gives exact information on tumor load but still is not standard in ovarian cancer surgery. The aim of this study was to find a PCI cutoff for incomplete CRS.

The EPH receptor Bs (EPHBs) promoters are unmethylated in colon and ovarian cancers.

Aberrant expression of EPH receptors and their ligands, ephrins, has been reported in a large variety of human cancers, including epithelial cancers from the colon and ovary. Due to the recently reported decrease or loss of EPHBs expression in colorectal carcinomas and the abundance of CpG sites in their promoters, we analyzed the promoter methylation status of three members of the EPHB family, EPHB2, EPHB3 and EPHB4, in a series of 22 colon cancer cell lines, as well as in four ovarian cancer cell lines and 56 ovarian tumor samples. The promoters of the three receptor genes were unmethylated in the vast majority of samples as assessed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP).

Death receptor expression is associated with poor response to chemotherapy and shorter survival in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Death receptors mediate both apoptosis and survival in cancer cells. The authors analyzed death receptor expression in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.

Methods: Viable tumor cells in ovarian carcinoma effusions (n = 95) were analyzed for DR4, DR5, Fas, TNFR1, and TNFR2 expression using flow cytometry.

Low-molecular weight forms of cyclin E differentiate ovarian carcinoma from cells of mesothelial origin and are associated with poor survival in ovarian carcinoma.

Background: The authors recently reported on the role of cyclin E in differentiating ovarian/primary peritoneal carcinoma from malignant peritoneal mesothelioma using gene expression arrays. In the current study, they analyzed the expression of low-molecular weight (LMW) forms of cyclin E in ovarian carcinoma, malignant mesothelioma, and benign reactive effusions.

Methods: Cyclin E protein expression was analyzed in 98 effusions (72 ovarian carcinomas, 14 malignant mesotheliomas, and 12 reactive specimens) using immunoblotting.

DNA methylation profiling of ovarian carcinomas and their in vitro models identifies HOXA9, HOXB5, SCGB3A1, and CRABP1 as novel targets.

Background: The epigenetics of ovarian carcinogenesis remains poorly described. We have in the present study investigated the promoter methylation status of 13 genes in primary ovarian carcinomas (n = 52) and their in vitro models (n = 4; ES-2, OV-90, OVCAR-3, and SKOV-3) by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Direct bisulphite sequencing analysis was used to confirm the methylation status of individual genes.

Nuclear expression of survivin is associated with improved survival in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.

Background: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) mediate cancer cell survival and chemoresistance. The expression of XIAP, Survivin, and Livin in ovarian carcinoma was analyzed.

Methods: Effusions (106) were analyzed for XIAP, Survivin, and Livin expression using immunoblotting.

Expression of E-cadherin transcriptional regulators in ovarian carcinoma.

Unlike most epithelial cancers, E-cadherin expression is upregulated in ovarian carcinoma effusions compared with corresponding primary tumors. In the present study, we analyzed the anatomic site-specific expression of transcription factors that negatively regulate E-cadherin in ovarian carcinoma. Using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, mRNA in situ hybridization, and Western blotting, we analyzed the expression and localization of the Snail, Slug, and SIP1 transcription factors and E-cadherin in 78 effusions, 41 primary carcinomas, and 15 solid metastases.

NK- and B-cell infiltration correlates with worse outcome in metastatic ovarian carcinoma.

We studied the clinical role of leukocyte infiltration and chemokine receptor expression in ovarian carcinoma effusions. Expression of leukocyte markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, CD16, CD19, and CD14) and chemokine receptors (CXCR1, CXCR4, CCR2, CCR5, and CCR7) was studied in 73 effusions by using flow cytometry. CXCR4, CCR5, and CCR7 were expressed abundantly on leukocytes, but all receptors were expressed rarely on cancer cells.

Colposcopic and histopathologic evaluation of women participating in population-based screening for human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid persistence.

Objective: Evaluation of colposcopic and histopathological findings in women screened for cervical human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid persistence.

Study Design: A total of 12 527 women, aged 32 to 38 years old, attending the population-based cervical cancer screening program in Sweden were randomized 1:1 to mock testing or human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid testing by general primer 5+/6+ polymerase chain reaction and subsequent typing. Human papillomavirus deoxyribonucleic acid-positive women with a normal Papanicolaou smear (n=341) and an equal number from the control group were human papillomavirus tested on average 19 months later.

Chlamydia trachomatis infection and persistence of human papillomavirus.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) persistence is the major cause of cervical cancer, but most HPV infections will not persist and risk factors for HPV persistence are not well known. Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis infection seems to also be associated with cervical cancer.

A population-based study of cervical carcinoma and HPV infection in Latvia.

Objectives: We wished to quantify the population-based importance of cervical carcinoma risk factors in Latvia.

Methods: Totally, 223 of 224 eligible cases of incident invasive cervical carcinoma were enrolled during July 1998-February 2001 in Latvia. An age-matched sample of 300 healthy control women was selected from the Latvian population registry and 239 of these women (79%) were enrolled.

Evaluation of antibodies to human papillomavirus as prognostic markers in cervical cancer patients.

Objectives: We wished to evaluate whether the presence of antibodies to HPV or to the HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 or type of HPV DNA is related to prognosis among cervical cancer patients.

Methods: Blood samples were drawn from 313 patients with incident, untreated cervical cancer on admission to two hospitals in Sweden. Patients were followed from enrollment in 1984-1991 until death or up to June 1999.

Clustering of seropositivities for sexually transmitted infections.

Background: Serology for different sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is useful for epidemiologic studies on the spread of STIs in different populations. Studying whether seropositivities for different STIs cluster could be useful, both for development of improved serologic markers of sexual behavior in populations and for understanding how STIs may differ in terms of the dynamics of their spread.

Goal: To evaluate the degree of clustering of different STIs in relation to sexual history.

Serological evidence for protection by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6 infection against HPV type 16 cervical carcinogenesis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) exists as more than 100 genotypes. It is not well-established whether the different HPV types interfere with infection or pathogenesis by each other. Possible interactions in cervical carcinogenesis between infection with the most common HPV types (6, 11, 16, 18 and 33) were studied in a seroepidemiological case- control study of 218 women with primary untreated cervical cancer and 219 healthy age-matched control women.