The enriched environment prevents degeneration of cerebellum Purkinje cells layer of rats.

Neurodegeneration is characterized by loss of neurons causing changes that lead individuals to debilitating conditions; the most common of this condition is the Alzheimer's disease. It has been related that enriched environment (EE) induces experience‑dependent plasticity mechanisms, improving the performance of the animals in learning and memory tests. This study evaluated the effects of EE on histological parameters of the cerebellum in rats that received intracerebroventricular streptozotocin.

Intracerebroventricular streptozotocin induces behavioral impairments and increases short‑term C3 gene expression in the hippocampus of Wistar rats.

A non‑transgenic rat model based on intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (STZ) has been used as an animal model to investigate mechanisms associated to the late onset of sporadic Alzheimer's disease, such as anatomical and behavioral impairments. However, molecular aspects related to gene expression, mainly in the hippocampus, require more investigation. Thus, this study evaluated the early and late cognitive functions and hippocampal gene expression after STZ administration.

Effectiveness of Manual and Electrical Acupuncture for Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Low back pain is a common condition that can be effectively treated by acupuncture. However, several treatment point prescriptions and further electrical needle stimulation (i.e.

Natural-enriched environments lead to enhanced environmental engagement and altered neurobiological resilience.

The mammalian brain has evolved in close synchrony with the natural environment; consequently, trends toward disengagement from natural environments in today's industrialized societies may compromise adaptive neural responses and lead to psychiatric illness. Investigations of rodents housed in enriched environments indicate enhanced neurobiological complexity; yet, the origin of these stimuli, natural vs. manufactured, has not been sufficiently explored.

Epigenetic changes brought about by perinatal stressors: a brief review of the literature.

Introduction: Numerous studies employing various animal models have found that perinatal stress, encountered in utero during sensitive developmental stages or shortly after birth, disrupts both sexual differentiation and sexual behavior in offspring. The biochemical, cellular, genetic and epigenetic events which are involved in the organismal response to perinatal stress are currently under investigation.

Methods, Results And Discussion: In this review, the reader is introduced to perinatal stressors as a toxicological phenomenon, and several recently characterized epigenetic responses to said stressors are discussed.