Abdominal Lymphadenopathies: Lymphoma, Brucellosis or Tuberculosis? Multidisciplinary Approach-Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Abdominal pain represents a frequent symptom for referral to emergency departments and/or internal medicine outpatient setting. Similarly, fever, fatigue and weight loss are non-specific manifestations of disease. The present case describes the diagnostic process in a patient with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass.

Intravascular NK/T-Cell Lymphoma: What We Know about This Diagnostically Challenging, Aggressive Disease.

Intravascular lymphoma is a form of lymphoid malignancy characterized by neoplastic cells growing almost exclusively within the lumina of small- to medium-sized blood vessels. Most cases are of B-cell origin with rare cases of natural killer or T-cell lineage. Extranodal sites are affected, mainly the skin and central nervous system, although any organ may be involved.

Clinic, Endoscopic and Histological Features in Patients Treated with ICI Developing GI Toxicity: Some News and Reappraisal from a Mono-Institutional Experience.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have widened the therapeutic scenario of different solid tumors over the last ten years. Gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AEs), such as diarrhea and colitis, occur in up to 50% of patients treated with ICIs. We conducted a single-center retrospective analysis in patients with solid tumors treated with ICIs in a 6-year period, from 2015 to 2021, developing GI AEs, for which an endoscopic analysis was performed, with available histological specimens or surgery.

Histological Features of Celiac-Disease-like Conditions Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy: A Signal to Keep in Mind for Pathologists.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein (PD-1), and its ligand PDL-1, are finding increasing application in the treatment of malignant neoplasms. The widespread clinical use of these drugs, however, resulted in the discovery of side effects. The occurrence of celiac disease (CD) after ICIs therapy has been reported in the literature, but its incidence remains unknown and the role of ICIs in its onset is not yet clear.

Diagnosis of Hodgkin Lymphoma from Cell Block: A Reliable and Helpful Tool in "Selected" Diagnostic Practice.

Background: The diagnosis of lymphoma requires surgical specimens to perform morphological evaluation, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration may represent an appropriate first approach to obtain cytological samples in impalpable lesions and/or in patients unsuitable for surgical procedures. Although cytology has intrinsic limitations, the cell block method may increase the possibility of achieving an accurate diagnosis.

Primary effusion lymphoma metachronous to multicentric Castleman disease in an immunocompetent patient.

Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) has been associated with a wide spectrum of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, including Primary Effusion Lymphoma, Multicentric Castleman Disease, HHV8-positive Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma, not otherwise specified and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder. The association of different HHV8-related lymphoproliferative disorders is described in immunodeficient patients. We report a case of Primary Effusion Lymphoma metachronous to Multicentric Castleman Disease in an immunocompetent patient.

[Encrusted Pyelitis during a case of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura].

Encrusted pyelitis is a chronic urinary tract infection associated with mucosal encrustation induced by urea splitting bacteria. More than 40 bacteria have been implicated but the most frequent is Corynebacterium group D2. Predisposing factors are debilitating chronic diseases and preexisting urological procedures.

Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia due to Chronic Inhalation of Oily Product Used as a Lubricant of Tracheotomy Cannula.

Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP) is caused by the inhalation of vaporized oily products. Long-term exposure can result in chronic disease, whereas acute form usually results from massive aspiration of fatty substances. It has an incidence of 1.

Primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate in adults: report of a case and review of the literature.

This study reports on a case of an adult patient with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate and comprehensively reviews the world literature on this subject. The patient was a 49-year-old man with advanced stage disease, who initially underwent transurethral tumor resection and after diagnosis was given courses of chemotherapy prior to undergoing radical cystoprostatevesiculectomy. The tumor underwent histological examination supplemented by immunohistochemical analysis.

Lipofuscin-like granules of the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney. The diagnostic significance of a quasi-normal subcellular structure incidentally encountered in the course of routine ultrastructural evaluation of renal biopsies.

Lipofuscin-like granules, first described by Biava and West in 1965, are a subcellular, quasi-physiologic finding mainly seen in the smooth muscle cells of renal arterioles, but also in juxtaglomerular cells and the lacis cells of human kidneys. They increase in number in subjects affected by arterial hypertension and diabetes. They do not correlate with a specific primary renal disease.

Paratesticular mesothelioma. Report of a case with comprehensive review of literature.

Paratesticular mesotheliomas are rare tumors with 223 cases described so far. The sole plausible causative factor so far ascertained in the pathogenesis of these tumors is asbestos, which however is found in only around 30% to 40% of such cases. The age range of affected individuals is wide, mostly adults and the elderly, but also includes young people and children.

Cystic lymphangioma-like adenomatoid tumor of the adrenal gland: Case presentation and review of the literature.

Adenomatoid tumors (AT) are usually found in the genital tract of both sexes. They are very rarely located in extragenital sites, and are exceedingly rare in the adrenal. AT of the adrenal gland (AT-AG) are nonfunctioning, usually discovered incidentally and confused on imaging with other more common adrenal neoplasms.

Changes in CpG islands promoter methylation patterns during ductal breast carcinoma progression.

Aberrant promoter methylation of several known or putative tumor suppressor genes occurs frequently during carcinogenesis, and this epigenetic change has been considered as a potential molecular marker for cancer. We examined the methylation status of nine genes (APC, CDH1, CTNNB1, TIMP3, ESR1, GSTP1, MGMT, THBS1, and TMS1), by quantitative methylation specific PCR. Synchronous preinvasive lesions (atypical ductal hyperplasia and/or ductal carcinoma in situ) and invasive ductal breast carcinoma from 52 patients, together with pure lesions from 24 patients and 12 normal tissues paired to tumor and 20 normal breast distant from tumor were analyzed.

Lateral ventricle tumors: surgical strategies according to tumor origin and development--a series of 72 cases.

Objective: Optimal surgical management in lateral ventricle tumors remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with these lesions treated with a surgical strategy on the basis of tumor origin: primary or secondary ventricular and associated transependymal development.

Methods: A total of 72 patients underwent surgery for lateral ventricle tumors.

Tuberous sclerosis complex with polycystic kidney disease of the adult type: the TSC2/ADPKD1 contiguous gene syndrome.

Although different diseases, tuberous sclerosis complex and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease have been seen in association, the molecular basis of this being the proximity of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 and polycystic kidney disease 1 genes on the same chromosome (16p13.3). Therefore, the classic autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease renal phenotype may occur in the context of tuberous sclerosis complex disease as a result of large deletions involving both the polycystic kidney disease 1 and tuberous sclerosis complex 2 genes.

Lateral ventricle tumors: surgical strategies according to tumor origin and development--a series of 72 cases.

Objective: Optimal surgical management in lateral ventricle tumors remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with these lesions treated with a surgical strategy on the basis of tumor origin: primary or secondary ventricular and associated transependymal development.

Methods: A total of 72 patients underwent surgery for lateral ventricle tumors.