The effect of steroid administration on fetal diaphragm function.

Background: Antenatal steroid administrations lead to not only accelerated lung maturation, improved blood gas measurements but also lung dynamics and lung compliance. This study aimed to investigate structural and functional changes in diaphragm after antenatal steroid administration.

Methods: The 79 volunteers were divided into 2 groups according to presence of preterm delivery.

COVID-19 disease does not cause ovarian injury in women of reproductive age: an observational before-and-after COVID-19 study.

Research Question: Can the SARS-CoV-2 virus injure the ovaries?

Design: An observational before-and-after COVID-19 study at an academic medical centre. A total of 132 young women aged 18-40 were enrolled; they were tested for reproductive function in the early follicular phase, and their information was obtained from hospital data between January 2019 and June 2021. Serum FSH, LH, oestradiol, the ratio of FSH to LH and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations were measured for each patient both before and after COVID-19 disease.

Evaluation of fetal diaphragm excursion and thickness in term pregnancies complicated with pre-gestational and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Both pre-gestational (PGDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) make pregnancy complicated. Moreover in the literature GDM and PGDM have been held responsible for respiratory morbidity in newborns. Diaphragm ultrasound (DUS) is a valuable and noninvasive method that provides an opportunity to examine the diaphragmatic morphology and function.

Effect of preeclampsia and its severity on maternal serum NGAL and KIM-1 levels during pregnancy and the post-pregnancy period.

Objective: The purpose of this trial was to appraise the effects of preeclampsia and its intensity on maternal serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) levels during pregnancy and the post-pregnancy period.

Study Design: Firstly pregnant participants (n = 156) were separated into three groups, as control, mild, and severe preeclampsia. Secondly women in post-pregnancy period (n = 368) were separated into three groups according to history of pregnancy, as healthy control, mild, and severe preeclampsia.

Effect of preeclampsia and preeclampsia severity on insulin, HOMA-IR, and betatrophin levels in non-diabetic pregnant women.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of preeclampsia and its severity on insulin, the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and betatrophin levels in non-diabetic pregnant women.

Methods: Our study comprised 102 pregnant women who were divided into the following three groups: (1) control, (2) severe preeclampsia, and (3) mild preeclampsia. The women were screened with the single-stage 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria were used for diagnosis.

The role of serum progesterone induced blocking factor on unexplained infertility.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether the progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF) level in women with unexplained infertility differed from that in fertile women.

Study Design: Volunteers between 18 and 35 years old were included in this cross-sectional study and were divided into two groups-the unexplained-infertility group and the control group. Demographic data on all the women were collected using a detailed questionnaire.

Effect of coffee consumption on fetal renal artery blood flow and amniotic fluid volume in third trimester of pregnancy.

Objective: Coffee is frequently (one or two cups/day) consumed throughout pregnancy. Although there are a few studies evaluating caffeine effects on pregnancy; however, a diuretic effect of caffeine on fetal kidneys has not been reported. Therefore, after drinking coffee whether changing of amniotic fluid index (AFI) and fetal renal artery blood flow (FRABF, RI, Resistive index; PI, Pulsatility index) were evaluated in this study.

Evaluation of the levels of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in the cervical mucus of women with unexplained infertility.

Aim: Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) has specific effects on the immune system. SLPI is overexpressed in inflammation triggered by immune responses, which could have significant effects on the local immune responses in cervical mucosa. This over expression may be greater in women with unexplained infertility, which would increase the immune reaction in the cervical region against sperm.

The effects of antenatal corticosteroid exposure on the rate of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns.

Objective: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a short-lasting benign condition that affects approximately 60% of infants born at term infants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of antenatal corticosteroid (ACS) exposure on the rate of hyperbilirubinemia in term newborns.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the Health Sciences University Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Turkey from June 2017 to June 2018.

How Well Do the Popular Ultrasonic Techniques Estimate Amniotic Fluid Volume and Diagnose Oligohydramnios, in Fact?

The aims of the study were to compare the different estimation methods for the diagnosis of oligohydramnios and to determine concordance between estimated amniotic fluid volume (AFV) measured by ultrasonography and actual AFV measured directly. Another purpose was to investigate the effect of oligohydramnios on neonatal outcome. This study was done at a tertiary care center.

The Effect of Anterior Uterocervical Angle on Primary Dysmenorrhea and Disease Severity.

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea, defined as painful menstrual cramps originating in the uterus without underlying pathology, is a gynecological disease that affects quality of life and school success. Our goal was to determine the effect of anterior uterocervical angle on primary dysmenorrhea and disease severity.

Methods: A total of 200 virgin adolescents, 16 to 20 years of age, were included in the study.

Cervical Local Immune Response for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection: Involvement With Cervical Mucus SLPI Proteins.

Purpose: To evaluate cervical mucus secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) concentrations in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) 16 or 18 positive and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) or high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL).

Method: Patients with HPV 16 or 18 positive from 30 to 45 years of age whose cervical cancer screening results reported cytologically LGSIL or HGSIL were included in the study. In the control group, we included participants in the same age with cytology negative and HPV-negative healthy women.

High Immune Expression of Progesterone-Induced Blocking Factor in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Background: Progesterone-induced blocking factor, which is released from maternal lymphocytes during pregnancy mediates the immune effect of progesterone. According to new reports, it is suggested that proliferating cells, such as human trophoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, and malignant tumors, can excrete progesterone-induced blocking factor at high ratio to escape from maternal immunity. It is shown in recent studies that progesterone-induced blocking factor is overexpressed in many malignant tumors such as breast, cervical, lymphoma, and leukemia.

The Effect of Oral Contraceptive Pills on the Macula, the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, and Choroidal Thickness.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral contraceptive pills (OCP) on the macula, the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and choroidal thickness (CT). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 24 healthy women taking monophasic OCP (3 mg drospirenone and 0.03 mg ethinylestradiol) for contraception only for at least one year were compared with a control group of 24 healthy women who were not taking an OCP.

Mastocytosis in pregnancy.

Objective: Mastocytosis is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of mast cells in various organs. Clinical complaints include pruritus, cutaneous flushing, dyspepsia, and episodes of anaphylaxis, and are usually the result of local and systemic mast cell mediator release. The triggers include a variety of factors including drugs, exercise, stress, anxiety, and temperature extremes.