Temporal resolution and pitch discrimination in music education: novel data in children.

Background: Rehabilitation of hearing and listening difficulties through neuroplasticity of the auditory nervous system is a promising technique. Evidence of enhanced auditory processing in adult musicians is often not based on clinical auditory processing tests and is lacking in children with musical education.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the temporal resolution and frequency discrimination elements of auditory processing both in adults and children with musical education and to compare them with those without any musical education.

Auditory Processing in Musicians, a Cross-Sectional Study, as a Basis for Auditory Training Optimization.

Μusicians are reported to have enhanced auditory processing. This study aimed to assess auditory perception in Greek musicians with respect to their musical specialization and to compare their auditory processing with that of non-musicians. Auditory processing elements evaluated were speech recognition in babble, rhythmic advantage in speech recognition, short-term working memory, temporal resolution, and frequency discrimination threshold detection.

Sensitivity Analysis in Economic Evaluations of Immuno-Oncology Drugs: A Systematic Literature Review.

Objectives: This study aimed to review, assess, and report the characteristics and strategies of sensitivity analyses (SAs) that were performed in the context of published economic evaluations of immuno-oncology drugs.

Methods: The systematic literature search was conducted in Scopus and MEDLINE for articles published from 2005 to 2021. Study selection, based on a predefined set of criteria, was performed by 2 reviewers independently.

On the Difference of Scoring in Speech in Babble Tests.

Hearing is a complex ability that extends beyond the peripheral auditory system. A speech in noise/competition test is a valuable measure to include in the test battery when attempting to assess an individual's "hearing". The present study compared syllable vs.

Implications for Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Schizophrenia Due to Correlation between Auditory Perceptual Deficits and Cognitive Impairment.

It is indicated that auditory perception deficits are present in schizophrenia and related to formal thought disorder. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of auditory deficits with cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. An experimental group of 50 schizophrenia patients completed a battery of auditory processing evaluation and a neuropsychological battery of tests.

Deformable image registration to assist clinical decision for radiotherapy treatment adaptation for head and neck cancer patients.

Head and neck (H&N) cancer patients often present anatomical and geometrical changes in tumors and organs at risk (OARs) during radiotherapy treatment. These changes may result in the need to adapt the existing treatment planning, using an expert's subjective opinion, for offline adaptive radiotherapy and a new treatment planning before each treatment, for online adaptive radiotherapy. In the present study, a fast methodology is proposed to assist in planning adaptation clinical decision using tumor and parotid glands percentage volume changes during treatment.

Remote Microphone Hearing Aid Use Improves Classroom Listening, Without Adverse Effects on Spatial Listening and Attention Skills, in Children With Auditory Processing Disorder: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Background: Children with Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) often have poor auditory processing skills in the presence of normal peripheral hearing. These children have worse listening-in-noise skills compared to typically developing peers, while other commonly reported symptoms include poor attention and distractibility. One of the management strategies for children with APD is the use of Remote Microphone Hearing Aids (RMHAs), which can help improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the child's ears.

Auditory processing disorder may be present in schizophrenia and it is highly correlated with formal thought disorder.

The present study investigates the presence of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) in schizophrenia and its association with symptomatology, especially Formal Thought Disorder (FTD). 50 patients with schizophrenia and 25 matched healthy controls completed a battery of three auditory processing tests. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Thought, Language and Communication (TLC) scale were used to assess clinical symptoms.

Absence of Rhythm Benefit on Speech in Noise Recognition in Children Diagnosed With Auditory Processing Disorder.

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is a specific deficit in the processing of auditory information along the central auditory nervous system. It is characterized mainly by deficits in speech in noise recognition. APD children may also present with deficits in processing of auditory rhythm.

Test-retest reliability of the Greek Speech-in-babble test (SinB) as a potential screening tool for auditory processing disorder.

Introduction: There seems to exist a specific group of people considered to be at higher risk of having Auditory Processing Disorders (APD). These patients are frequently initially referred to, or managed by various professionals such as Otolaryngologists, Speech Therapists, and Occupational Therapists. It is, therefore, essential to retain a low threshold of when to refer such individuals for a formal APD diagnostic evaluation.

Clinical Expertise Is Core to an Evidence-Based Approach to Auditory Processing Disorder: A Reply to Neijenhuis et al. 2019.

The opinion article "An Evidence-based Perspective on Misconceptions Regarding Pediatric Auditory Processing Disorder" by Neijenhuis et al. (1) presents a distorted view of the evidence-based approach used in medicine. The authors focus on the amorphous non-diagnostic entity "listening difficulties" not auditory processing disorder (APD) and create confusion that could jeopardize clinical services to individuals with APD.

Deficits in Auditory Rhythm Perception in Children With Auditory Processing Disorder Are Unrelated to Attention.

Auditory processing disorder (APD) is defined as a specific deficit in the processing of auditory information along the central auditory nervous system, including bottom-up and top-down neural connectivity. Even though music comprises a big part of audition, testing music perception in APD population has not yet gained wide attention in research. This work tests the hypothesis that deficits in rhythm perception occur in a group of subjects with APD.

Behavioral assessment of auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia: Literature review and suggestions for future research.

During the last decades, a considerable number of studies about auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia have been published, some of them using the term of Auditory Processing Disorder (APD). Due to heterogeneous methodology and inconsistent results concrete conclusions may not be straightforward. We focused on studies that used at least one behavioral test for the assessment of auditory processing in schizophrenia, in order to identify new evidence on auditory processing deficits in schizophrenia, and to consider fields for future research.

Otoacoustic emission suppression in children diagnosed with central auditory processing disorder and speech in noise perception deficits.

Objective: The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that medial olivocochlear system functionality is associated with speech recognition in babble performance in children diagnosed with central auditory processing disorder.

Method: Children diagnosed with central auditory processing disorder who specifically demonstrated speech in noise deficits were compared to children diagnosed with central auditory processing disorder without these deficits. Suppression effects were examined across 15 time intervals to examine variability.

A personalized, Monte Carlo-based method for internal dosimetric evaluation of radiopharmaceuticals in children.

Purpose: Herein, we introduce a methodology for estimating the absorbed dose in organs at risk that is based on specified clinically derived radiopharmaceutical biodistributions and personalized anatomical characteristics.

Methods: To evaluate the proposed methodology, we used realistic Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and computational pediatric models to calculate a parameter called in this work the "specific absorbed dose rate" (SADR). The SADR is a unique quantitative metric in that it is specific to a particular organ.