Novel and recurrent AID mutations underlie prevalent autosomal recessive form of HIGM in consanguineous patients.

Immunoglobulin class switch recombination deficiencies (Ig-CSR-D) are characterized by normal or elevated serum IgM level and absence of IgG, IgA, and IgE. Most reported cases are due to X-linked CD40L deficiency. Activation-induced cytidine deaminase deficiency is the most frequent autosomal recessive form, whereas CD40 deficiency is more rare.

[Diagnosis and management of cow's protein milk allergy in infant].

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) can be responsible of a variety of symptoms and can be caused by IgE or non-IgEmediated reactions. The remaining questions concern the diagnosis (what are the most suggestive clinical manifestations, the laboratory evaluations which play a supporting role, and the management of CMPA in breast fed infants and formula-fed infants.

Methods: Review of the pub med, science direct, Cochrane library, using the key words cow's milk protein allergy, guideline, and child.

Pneumococcal infection and hemolytic uremic syndrome.

Background: Hemolytic uremic syndrome, one of the common causes of acute renal failure in children, is characterized by the triad of microangiopathy, haemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. The diarrhoea-associated Hemolytic uremic syndrome is usually termed as a typical Hemolytic uremic syndrome. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an uncommon etiological pathogen for inducing Hemolytic uremic syndrome, and Streptococcus pneumoniae associated Hemolytic uremic syndrome is also termed as atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome.

[Chronic gastritis in children].

Background: Active gastritis, atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia are lesions associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in adults.

Aim: To assess the prevalence of chronic gastritis, its histological characteristics and clinical features in children.

[Congenital hepatic fibrosis in children. Report of 9 cases and review of the literature].

Congenital hepatic fibrosis is a recessive autosomic disease with two major risks: gastrointestinal haemorrhage caused by portal hypertension and cholangitis related to bacterial infection of dilated intrahepatic bile ducts.. The aim of our study is to define epidemiological features, the presenting symptoms, the diagnosis, the evolution and the management of this disease.

[Contribution of clinical, biological and radiological parameters in the diagnosis of urinary infection localization].

Urinary infection was a problem in pediatrics. Currently the diagnosis is easy but it is hard to diagnosis the localisation of the infection. We have to go fast and precisely to treat correctly this infection and diminich the possibility of developing renal scars.

[Esophagogastroduodenitis in the newborn. Report of 90 cases].

Oesophagogastroduodenitis (OGD) is a frequent situation in the newborn and run a benign course. Ninety cases of OGD were studied. Diagnosis was established by endoscopy.