The ascendancy of eosinophil counts in non-small cell lung cancer: a potential marker for predicting response and survival under nivolumab treatment.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Nivolumab represents a significant advancement for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the absence of reliable biomarkers predicting treatment response hinders personalized therapy.

Association between PD-L1 expression with EGFR, ALK, and ROS1 driver oncogene mutations in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Driver mutations and immunological expressions have gained importance in recent years for targeted therapies and immunotherapies of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Aims: This study examined the association between PD-L1 expression and ALK, ROS1, and EGFR driver oncogene mutations in patients with NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: A total of 501 NSCLC patients were included for analysis.

Geriatric nutritional risk index and controller nutritional status score before metastatic first-line chemotherapy predict survival in patients over 70 years of age with metastatic bladder cancer.

Introduction: Several prognostic factors have been identified in patients with metastatic bladder cancer (BC). As it is known, older adult patients are prone to nutritional deficiency. The knowledge about nutrition and impact on survival in older patients with metastatic bladder cancer is missing.

Protective effect of magnesium preloading on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity: which dose is more suitable?

Objective: Cisplatin is a widely used and potent cytotoxic chemotherapy agent, but its nephrotoxicity is a significant limiting side effect. Various premedication approaches have been implemented to preserve renal function, including magnesium (Mg) preloading. However, the optimal Mg dosage is still unknown.

The prognostic effect of the systemic immune-inflammation index on overall survival of periampullary cancer.

Objective: The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is used to assess survival in many cancers. SII has been examined separately in pancreatic head, ampulla, and distal choledochus cancers, and different cut-off values were found. Detecting the location of periampullary cancer before surgery may be difficult or misleading.

The effect of using adjuvant aromatase inhibitors on cognitive functions in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are effective treatment options for both early-stage and advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Because of AIs are used long term in adjuvant therapy, side effects are also very important.

The effect of the tumor-to-skin distance on axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer.

Objective: Tumor-to-skin distance is known to have an effect on axillary lymph node metastasis but has no clinical use with nomograms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of tumor-to-skin distance on axillary lymph node metastasis alone and in combination with nomogram for clinical use.

Methods: A total of 145 patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer (T1-T2 stage) and whose axillary lymph nodes were evaluated (axillary dissection or sentinel lymph node biopsy) between January 2010 and December 2020 were included in the study.

Asprosin, irisin, and meteorin-like protein immunoreactivity in different stages of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunoreactivity of asprosin, irisin, and meteorin-like protein (METRNL) in different stages of colorectal adenocarcinoma, which is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract.

Materials And Methods: Overall, 60 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, including 20 well (Group 1), moderately (Group 2), and poorly differentiated (Group 3) cases, respectively, and 20 with normal colonic mucosa, were examined using light microscopy for immunohistochemical staining of asprosin, METRNL, and irisin.

Results: Compared with the control group, a significant increase in irisin and asprosin immunoreactivity was found in the grade 1 and 2 colorectal adenocarcinoma groups.

Cisplatin plus paclitaxel and bevacizumab versus carboplatin plus paclitaxel and bevacizumab for the first-line treatment of metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer.

Objective: Cisplatin-paclitaxel and bevacizumab is a frequently used treatment regimen for metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer, and carboplatin-paclitaxel and bevacizumab are also among the recommended regimens. In this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these two regimens for the treatment of metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer.

Methods: Patients with metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer treated with cisplatin-paclitaxel and bevacizumab or carboplatin-paclitaxel and bevacizumab were retrospectively evaluated in this study.

Prospective external validation of an updated algorithm to quantify risk of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients after a cycle of chemotherapy.

Purpose: Febrile neutropenia resulting from chemotherapy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. We had previously published the associates of the risk of febrile neutropenia, and this study now extends and modifies the previous model as well as tests its external validity.

Methods: We have recruited documented febrile neutropenia cases with solid tumors, in addition to a selected control group of cancer patients from one institution treated between 2015 and 2019.

Bevacizumab in recurrent ovarian cancer.

Purpose: The cost-effectiveness of bevacizumab has been the subject of debate, and we aimed to present our own retrospective data on its effect on survival in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: Patients with recurrent ovarian, tubal and primary peritoneal cancer between October 2007 and June 2018 were grouped according to the platinum-free interval. The progression-free and overall survivals of the patients who had received chemotherapy only and chemotherapy with bevacizumab were calculated.

The Relationship between Nutritional Parameters and Thrombosis Risk in Cancer Patients.

Venous thromboembolism which consists of pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis is one of the most important problems in cancer patients. The mechanisms of cancer-associated thrombosis are multi-factorial and still unclear. Nutrition is an important factor in the treatment and prognosis of cancer.

The effects of sponges soaked with chlorhexidine gluconate and metronidazole on safety of colonic anastomosis in an experimental model of peritonitis.

Background: The present study aims to evaluate the use of the chlorhexidine gluconate and metronidazole impregnated compresses concerning anastomosis safety in the left colonic anastomosis in the presence of peritonitis.

Methods: This study was conducted on 21 Wistar-Albino-rats divided into three equal groups. After median laparotomy, the whole layer of the left colon was cut 2 cm over the pelvic peritoneum.

Resveratrol ameliorates hepatic injury and modulates hepatic biomarkers of regeneration, apoptosis and survival in a rat model of blunt hepatic trauma.

Objective: To investigate the protective potential of resveratrol (RES) in blunt hepatic trauma (BHT) by exploring the anti-inflammatory and histopathologic effects as well as modulatory effects on hepatic biomarkers of acute injury, regeneration, apoptosis and survival in a rat model of BHT.

Methods: A total of 21 Wistar Albino rats (weighing 120-250 g) were separated into 3 groups (n = 7 for each group), namely control group (CON; standard feeding), BHT group (BHT; blunt hepatic trauma plus observation) and trauma plus BES group (BHT-RES; blunt hepatic trauma plus intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg RES). Serum levels for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and bilirubin were measured on Day 7 and rats were sacrificed for histopathological (inflammation scores) and immunohistochemical [expression of proliferation marker (Ki-67) and apoptosis-related markers (Bcl-2, and Bax)] analyses in resected liver tissue.

Effects of Mastalgia in Young Women on Quality of Life, Depression, and Anxiety Levels.

The aims of this study are to evaluate whether or not there is a relationship between mastalgia with anxiety and depression in young women with mastalgia who do not have organic breast pathology and to examine the effect of pain on the quality of life. Forty female pre-menopausal patients between the ages of 20-40 years with mastalgia and 40 totally healthy volunteers with the same characteristics were investigated with the Short Form 36 (SF-36), Hamilton Depression Scale, and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale prospectively following breast examination and radiological examination. Statistical assessments were performed using the SPSS 11.

Effects of platelet rich plasma on fascial healing in rats with fecal peritonitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP) on the healing of fascia wherein peritonitis has been created.

Methods: Twenty eight Wistar Albino rats were divided into four groups. Only a primary fascial repair following laparotomy was performed on Group 1, a primary fascial repair performed and PRP treatment applied following laparotomy on Group 2, and a fecal peritonitis created following laparotomy and a primary fascial repair carried out on Group 3.

Effects of Copper, Zinc, and Vitamin Complex (Cernevit®) on Hepatic Healing in Rats Experimentally Subjected to Blunt Hepatic Trauma.

Solid organ injuries following blunt trauma are frequently encountered. The use of non-operative approach is gradually increasing. Thus, research on the methods that could enhance healing in solid organ injuries is in progress.

The Comparison of Inflammatory Responses and Clinical Results After Groin Hernia Repair Using Polypropylene or Polyester Meshes.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results and the inflammatory responses against polypropylene and polyester meshes after groin hernia repair. Ninety patients with unilateral inguinal hernia randomly underwent Shouldice herniorrhaphy or Lichtenstein hernioplasty using polypropylene or polyester meshes. Venous blood samples were collected to evaluate serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

A retrospective analysis of the treatment results of 1557 patients with acute cholecystitis.

Objective: To analyse outcomes of variable management strategies for the treatment of Acute Cholecystitis in relation to morbidity, mortality and conversion to open surgery.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at Firat University Hospital, Turkey and comprised records of Acute Cholecystitis patients admitted between 2005 and 2011. Patients were divided into subgroups according to admission time as well as American Society of Anaesthesiologists score.