Dental Students' and Dental School Graduates' Practical Skills: An International Survey of Perceptions of National Dental Associations in Europe.

Purpose: Dental students learn knowledge and practical skills to provide oral health care to the population. Practical skills must be maintained or continuously developed throughout a professional career. This cross-sectional survey aimed to evaluate the perception of practical skills of dental students and dental-school graduates by national dental associations (NDAs) in international comparison in the European Regional Organization of the FDI World Dental Federation (ERO-FDI) zone.

The Presence of Women in the Dental Profession: A Global Survey.

Objectives: The aim of this research was to acquire knowledge about the female dental workforce, identifying factors to pursue specialty training and career choices and working in dental institutions/associations.

Methods: An original online questionnaire was developed, validated (n = 22), and sent to 189 member associations in 133 countries of the Women Dentists Worldwide section of the FDI World Dental Federation.

Results: In all, 3232 female dentists from 81 countries participated.

Teacher feedback and student learning-The students' perspective.

Introduction: Feedback from teachers to students plays an important role in informing students about the outcome of their assessments. It contributes to students' ongoing learning. The aim of this study was to investigate dental students' perceptions of the feedback given to them by their teachers in Europe.

Efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin and connective tissue graft in papilla reconstruction.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) or connective tissue graft (CTG) in papilla reconstruction (PR) with the semilunar incision (SI) technique.

Materials And Methods: The analysis consisted of 55 sites (27 CTG and 28 PRF) from 20 patients who underwent PR with either PRF or CTG placed in the maxillary anterior region with SI technique. Baseline (BL) and follow-up (T , first month, T , third month, T , sixth month) clinical data including periodontal evaluations (gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), pocket depth (PD), keratinized tissue width (KTW), gingival recession), papilla-associated recordings (alveolar crest-interdental contact point [AC-IC], alveolar crest-papilla tip [AC-PT], papilla tip-interdental contact point [PT-IC], papilla height loss [PHL], interdental tissue stroke [ITS] and papilla presence index [PPI]) and patient satisfaction were analyzed.

Association between intervertebral disc degeneration and Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic systemic vasculitis with a wide range of clinical findings. It has both autoinflammatory and autoimmune features and manifests with recurrent inflammatory attacks involving the innate immune system. Recently, autoinflammation has started to take place in the pathogenesis of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Influence of Oral Health Care Systems on Future Career Environment of Dental Students in Europe.

Oral healthcare is organized subsidiarily and independently by nation states in Europe and also within the EU and consequently, major differences between the nation states and the various oral healthcare systems in Europe are present. The socialization in the respective catchment area can have an impact on the job choice and the perception of employment opportunities of different professional groups. Therefore, the purpose of this survey was to elucidate the influence of different oral healthcare systems on students living or studying in the respective catchment area.

Endoscopic Bilateral Optic Nerve Decompression for Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

Objective: To evaluate the results of bilateral endoscopic optic nerve decompression (EOND) with the opening nerve sheath (ONS) technique in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH).

Methods: Between the years of 2017 and 2019, we retrospectively evaluated nine IIH patients with progressive visual impairment despite medical treatment and who were treated with the EOND and ONS techniques. We also demonstrated our surgical technique recipe on postmortem human heads in a stepwise manner.

Altered von Willebrand Factor and ADAMTS13 Levels in Children With Cirrhosis and Extrahepatic Portal Hypertension.

Background/aim: This study was concerned with whether vWF (von Willebrand factor) and a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) has altered in patients with cirrhosis and extrahepatic portal hypertension (EPH). We aimed to investigate changes to vWF and ADAMTS13 in children with cirrhosis and EPH.

Patients And Methods: This study was conducted between January and October 2019 with both cirrhosis and EPH patients and with healthy volunteers.

Expectations Regarding Dental Practice: A Cross-Sectional Survey of European Dental Students.

Obtaining information on expectations among dental students regarding their career planning was the main purpose of this observational online survey. The questionnaire was designed with 18 items in five different languages: English, French, German, Italian and Spanish. Data were collected on nationality, age, sex, country of residence, university attended, semester, expected year of graduation and expectations about future career.

A characterization of the molecular phenotype and inflammatory response of schizophrenia patient-derived microglia-like cells.

Different lines of evidence support a causal role for microglia in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. However, how schizophrenia patient-derived microglia are affected at the phenotypic and functional level is still largely unknown. We used a recently described model to induce patient-derived microglia-like cells and used this to analyze changes in the molecular phenotype and function of myeloid cells in schizophrenia.

Altered expression of p97/Valosin containing protein and impaired autophagy in preeclamptic human placenta.

Introduction: Autophagy increases in placenta-related obstetrical diseases such as preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation but the regulation of autophagy by ubiquitin proteasome pathway (UPP) proteins, p97/Valosin containing protein (VCP) and ubiquitin (Ub) have not been previuosly studied in preeclampsia. The objective of this study is to investigate the expression of UPP (p97/VCP and Ub), autophagosomal (p62 and LC3) and autolysosomal proteins (Lamp1 and Lamp2) in the normal and preeclamptic human placentas and to explore the regulatory mechanism of these proteins in autophagic pathway.

Material And Methods: Different portions of normal term placentas (n = 20) and preeclamptic placentas (n = 10) were snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen for Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation and others were fixed-embedded in paraffin for immunohistochemistry.

Normative and subjective need for orthodontic treatment within different age groups in a population in Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate and compare the normative and subjective need for orthodontic treatment within different age groups in Turkey.

Methods: One thousand and sixteen patients from seven different demographic regions of Turkey (Marmara, Black Sea, East Anatolia, Southeastern Anatolia, Mediterranean, Aegean, and Central Anatolia Region) (mean age ± SD: 12.80 ± 3.

Percentage and severity of periodontal diseases in Turkish adults aged 35+ years, 2009-10.

Objective: This article presents data on the burden of periodontal diseases in Turkish adults aged 35 years or older.

Methods: Within each region of Turkey, a rural and an urban area or city were selected in 2009-10 using a probability proportional to size method. In the selected towns, local officials who were familiar with their communities assisted in recruiting subjects.

Genetic polymorphisms variants in interleukin-6 and interleukin-1beta patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in East Northern Turkey.

Aim: To investigate the relationship of IL-1β and IL-6 cytokine gene polymorphisms with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in 61 patients admitted to the neurology clinic in Kafkas University Hospital with insomnia problem who were diagnosed with OSAS in sleeping labs, and 80 healthy subjects not associated with the syndrome. METHODS :Blood samples were taken to isolate DNA from patients diagnosed with OSAS based on polysomnography results and healthy controls. DNA amplification of the genes was performed with PCR.

The effect of polymorphism in DNA repair genes RAD51 and XRCC2 in colorectal cancer in Turkish population.

The genes RAD51 and XRCC2 encode proteins that are important for the repair of double-strand DNA breaks by recombination. Therefore, genetic variability in these genes may contribute to the occurrence and progression of carcinoma. We investigated the association of polymorphisms in the DNA repair genes XRCC2-A/G and RAD51-135G/C with the colorectal cancer risk.

Keratoconus presenting with bilateral simultaneous acute corneal hydrops.

Purpose: To report a case of unknown keratoconus presenting with bilateral simultaneous acute corneal hydrops.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A case of a 12-year-old male patient with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) presented with sudden whitening and lacrimation for 2 days in both eyes simultaneously.

Evaluation of platelet activation, coagulation, and fibrinolytic activation in patients with symptomatic lacunar stroke.

Background: It is unclear whether hemostasis plays a role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke subtypes.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the possible relationship between different hemostatic markers and lacunar stroke.

Results: The study consisted of 30 patients with symptomatic lacunar stroke and 30 healthy age-matched healthy individuals.

Cerebrovascular manifestations of Behçet's disease.

Behçet's disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory disease commonly characterized by oral and genital ulcerations, with skin and eye involvement. Its cause is still unknown, but vasculitis is the major pathologic feature. BD is a rare condition, seen more commonly in Turkey, as well as in Middle Eastern, Mediterranean and Far Eastern countries.

Klippel-Feil syndrome with osteopoikilosis in a young lady and her four female relatives with osteopoikilosis.

Osteopoikilosis is a rare, usually asymptomatic, autosomal dominant bone disorder, which is usually found incidentally on X-ray. Klippel-Feil syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the congenital fusion of any two of the seven cervical (neck) vertebrae. It is caused by a failure in the normal segmentation or division of the cervical vertebrae during the early weeks of fetal development.

The role of erythropoietin in hemorrhagic shock-induced liver and renal injury in rats.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of erythropoietin (EPO) in liver and renal injury following hemorrhagic shock (HS) after inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity in rats..

Methods: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to six groups: (I) HS alone; (II) HS followed by retransfusion; (III) EPO and genistein followed by HS; (IV) EPO and genistein followed by HS, followed by retransfusion; (V) HS followed by EPO and genistein; and (VI) HS followed by EPO and genistein, followed by retransfusion.

Widespread Distribution of Apple mosaic virus on Apple in Turkey.

From 2002 to 2003, symptoms suggestive of Apple mosaic virus (ApMV; a member of the genus Ilavirus) infection on apple (Malus pumila L.) trees were observed in orchards in the central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Symptoms on leaves included pale-to-bright cream spots, mosaic, and yellowing on the leaves.