Ionic liquid intercalated clay sorbents for micro solid phase extraction of steroid hormones from water samples with analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Clay material plays an important role in the transport and retention of many compounds in the soil, therefore, clay based sorbents are promising alternatives for selective sorption of organic pollutants. In the present work, different chain length ionic liquids (ILs) namely, 1-methyl-3-octyl-imidazolium bromide, 1-methyl-3-undecyl-imidazolium bromide and 1-methyl-3-octadecyl-imidazolium bromide were intercalated in the galleries of montmorillonite (MMT) clay. Then, this novel nanofiller surface was utilized in micro extraction of estrogenic hormones for the first time.

The effect of hydraulic residence time and initial COD concentration on color and COD removal performance of the anaerobic-aerobic SBR system.

An anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor, SBR, was operated with a textile dyestuff (Remazol Rot RR) containing synthetic wastewater at different anaerobic-aerobic residence times (theta(Hanaerobic)=2-19 h) and initial COD concentrations (COD(0)=400-1800 mg l(-1)). The total reaction time was kept constant at 23 h in all experiments. A dyestuff biodegrading facultative anaerobic bacterial consortium called PDW was used as the dominant bacterial culture.

Effect of operating parameters on color and COD removal performance of SBR: sludge age and initial dyestuff concentration.

Effect of sludge and initial dyestuff concentration on color and COD removal performance of anaerobic-aerobic sequential batch reactor was investigated. Remazol Red RR a vinylsulphonyl (VS) and monochlortriazine (MCT), reactive azo dye was used in the study. Sludge age was varied between thetaC=12 days and thetaC=30 days and dyestuff concentration was between D0=50 and D0=500 mg l(-1).