Enhancing the Microneurosurgical Training: Development of the Folded Placenta Model for Simulation of the Deep Operative Field Challenges of Cranial Procedures.

Background And Objective: Neurosurgery relies heavily on advanced manual skills, necessitating effective training models for skill development. While various models have been utilized, the human placenta has emerged as a promising candidate for microneurosurgical training due to its anatomical similarities with cerebral vasculature. However, existing placenta models have primarily focused on simulating superficial procedures, often neglecting the complexities encountered in deep operative fields during cranial surgeries.