Complication and Management of Optic Nerve Edema Resulting From Nasal Transposition of the Split Lateral Rectus Muscle.

A 9-year-old boy with partial third nerve palsy underwent medial transposition of the left lateral rectus muscle and left inferior oblique myectomy. He developed optic nerve compression, which improved after a superior oblique tenotomy. A primary superior oblique tenotomy or a maximum lateral rectus muscle split may help avoid this complication.

Update on Orthokeratology in Managing Progressive Myopia in Children: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Concerns.

Myopia is an important public health issue, and high myopia may lead to severe complications if left untreated. Orthokeratology lenses, worn overnight to reshape the cornea, are one of many recent modalities used to slow down the progression of myopia in children. This treatment has been proven successful, as evidenced by decreased spherical refractive error and axial length relative to the control at interval follow-up ranging from 6 months to 5 years.

Misdiagnosing recurrent medulloblastoma: the danger of examination and imaging without histological confirmation.

The screening and detection of recurrent medulloblastoma presents the clinician with significant diagnostic challenges, including the risk of misdiagnosis. The authors present the case of a young girl with a history of a treated standard-risk medulloblastoma that highlights the risk of assuming recurrence has occurred when clinical and/or imaging changes are observed. This girl developed both new clinical deficits and had radiographic evidence of recurrence.

Compliance with screening guidelines for diabetic retinopathy in a large academic children's hospital in the Bronx.

Objective: As the rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in children is increasing, the number of children with complications of DM, such as retinopathy, will also increase. American Diabetes Association and American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines recommend annual eye exams for children with type 1 DM who are older than 10 years, starting 3-5 years after diagnosis. Adolescents with type 2 DM should have an exam when diagnosed.

Increasing rates of myopia: the long view.

Purpose Of Review: This review examines the trend toward greater rates of myopia, as well as possible reasons for this increased rate. It broaches some questions about how these increased rates will affect our society, as well as our practice of ophthalmology.

Recent Findings: Multiple studies, as well as national and international government statistics, have found an increase in the prevalence of myopia.

Prevalence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in pediatric type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: There has been a dramatic rise of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the US pediatric population, yet the presence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in this cohort has not yet been described.

Aim: To assess the presence of retinopathy and microalbuminuria in a cohort of predominantly minority adolescents (African American and Caribbean Hispanic) with DM2.

Patients And Methods: Forty pediatric patients with DM2 were examined between July, 2001 and June, 2003 for the presence of retinopathy.