Characterization of Treatment Modalities for Patients With Syndromic Craniosynostosis in Relation to Degree of Midface Hypoplasia and Patient's Age Using Longitudinal Follow-Up Data.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the type and frequency of use of treatment modalities (Tx-Mods) in patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (SC) using longitudinal follow-up data. A total of 28 patients with SC (24 Crouzon, 2 Apert, and 2 Antley-Bixler syndromes), who were treated at the Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea between 1998 and 2020, was included. According to the degree of midface hypoplasia (MH) at the initial visit (T1), the patients were divided into the mild-MH (78°≤SNA < 80°, n = 8), moderate-MH (76≤SNA < 78°, n = 7), and severe-MH (SNA < 76°, n = 13) groups.

Effect of Early Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis Fusion in Preadolescent Patients With Syndromic Craniosynostosis on Craniofacial Skeletal Patterns: A Preliminary Study Using Cephalometric Analysis.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of early spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) fusion in preadolescent patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (SC) on the craniofacial skeletal patterns. Twenty preadolescent SC patients were divided into the fused SOS (FS, n = 10; 8 Crouzon and 2 Apert) and not-fused SOS groups (NFS, n = 10; 9 Crouzon and 1 Apert). Lateral cephalograms (mean age: 9.

Characterization of phenotypes and predominant skeletodental patterns in pre-adolescent patients with Pierre-Robin sequence.

Objective: To investigate the phenotypes and predominant skeletodental pattern in pre-adolescent patients with Pierre-Robin sequence (PRS).

Methods: The samples consisted of 26 Korean pre-adolescent PRS patients (11 boys and 15 girls; mean age at the investigation, 9.20 years) treated at the Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital between 1998 and 2019.

Distribution, side involvement, phenotype and associated anomalies of Korean patients with craniofacial clefts from single university hospitalbased data obtained during 1998-2018.

Objective: To investigate the distribution, side involvement, phenotype, and associated anomalies of Korean patients with craniofacial clefts (CFC).

Methods: The samples consisted of 38 CFC patients, who were treated at Seoul National University Dental Hospital during 1998-2018. The Tessier cleft type, sex, side involvement, phenotype, and associated anomalies were investigated using nonparametric statistical analysis.

Treatment modalities for Korean patients with unilateral hemifacial microsomia according to Pruzansky-Kaban types and growth stages.

Objective: To investigate the treatment modalities (Tx-Mods) for patients with unilateral hemifacial microsomia (UHFM) according to Pruzansky-Kaban types and growth stages.

Methods: The samples consisted of 82 Korean UHFM patients. Tx-Mods were defined as follows: Tx-Mod-1, growth observation due to mild facial asymmetry; Tx-Mod-2, unilateral functional appliance; Tx- Mod-3, fixed orthodontic treatment; Tx-Mod-4, growth observation due to a definite need for surgical intervention; Tx-Mod-5, unilateral mandibular or bimaxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO); Tx-Mod-6, maxillary fixation using LeFort I osteotomy and mandibular DO/sagittal split ramus osteotomy; Tx- Mod-7, orthognathic surgery; and Tx-Mod-8, costochondral grafting.

Registration accuracy between intraoral-scanned and cone-beam computed tomography-scanned crowns in various registration methods.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the registration accuracy between intraoral-scanned crowns and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-scanned crowns in various registration methods.

Methods: The samples consisted of 18 Korean adult patients, whose pretreatment intraoral scans and CBCT images were available. A 3-dimensional (3D) dental model was fabricated using a TRIOS intraoral scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) and the OrthoAnalyzer program (version 1.

Distribution and phenotypes of hemifacial microsomia and its association with other anomalies.

Objective: To investigate the distribution and phenotypes of hemifacial microsomia (HFM) and its association with other anomalies.

Methods: This study included 249 Korean patients with HFM, whose charts, photographs, radiographs, and/or computed tomography scans acquired during 1998-2018 were available from Seoul National University Hospital and Dental Hospital. Prevalence according to sex, side involvement, degree of mandibular deformity, compensatory growth of the mandibular body, and Angle's classification, and its association with other anomalies were statistically analyzed.

investigation of the mechanical friction properties of a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing lingual bracket system under diverse tooth displacement condition.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the static (SFF) and kinetic frictional forces (KFF) of a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing lingual bracket (CAD/CAM-LB) with those of conventional LB (Con-LB) and Con-LB with narrow bracket width (Con-LB-NBW) under 3 tooth displacement conditions.

Methods: The samples were divided into 9 groups according to combinations of 3 LB types (CAD/CAM-LB [Incognito], Con-LB [7th Generation, 7G], and Con-LB-NBW [STb]) with 3 displacement conditions (no displacement [control], maxillary right lateral incisor with 1-mm palatal displacement [MXLI-PD], and maxillary right canine with 1-mm gingival displacement [MXC-GD]; n = 6/group). While drawing a 0.

Characterization of dental phenotype in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia using longitudinal data.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of the dental phenotype in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) using longitudinal data.

Materials And Methods: Twelve unrelated Korean CCD patients were observed using a longitudinal series of radiographs and clinical photographs. Statistical analysis was performed on the dental phenotypic data.

Effect of frontal facial type and sex on preferred chin projection.

Objective: To investigate the effects of frontal facial type (FFT) and sex on preferred chin projection (CP) in three-dimensional (3D) facial images.

Methods: Six 3D facial images were acquired using a 3D facial scanner (euryprosopic [Eury-FFT], mesoprosopic [Meso-FFT], and leptoprosopic [Lepto-FFT] for each sex). After normal CP in each 3D facial image was set to 10° of the facial profile angle (glabella-subnasale-pogonion), CPs were morphed by gradations of 2° from normal (moderately protrusive [6°], slightly protrusive [8°], slightly retrusive [12°], and moderately retrusive [14°]).

The relation between idiopathic scoliosis and the frontal and lateral facial form.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between idiopathic scoliosis and facial deformity in the horizontal, vertical, and anteroposterior planes.

Methods: A total of 123 female patients aged 14 years or older, who visited the Spine Clinic at the Department of Orthopedics, Korea University Guro Hospital for treatment of idiopathic scoliosis, were enrolled. Whole-spine anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken with the patient in a naturally erect position, and frontal and lateral cephalograms were taken in an erect position with the Frankfort horizontal line parallel to the floor.

Evaluation of stability of surface-treated mini-implants in diabetic rabbits.

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of surface treatment of mini-implants in diabetes-induced rabbits by comparing osseointegration around mini-implants. Methods.

Primary stability of self-drilling and self-tapping mini-implant in tibia of diabetes-induced rabbits.

Objective. This study aimed to evaluate effects of type 1 diabetes mellitus and mini-implant placement method on the primary stability of mini-implants by comparing mechanical stability and microstructural/histological differences. Methods.

Effects of wobbling angle on the stability measures of orthodontic mini-implants during insertion and removal procedures.

Objective: To investigate the effects of wobbling angle on the stability measures of orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) during insertion and removal procedures in artificial bone blocks.

Materials And Methods: A total of 36 OMIs (self-drilling type, cylindrical shape, 7 mm in length, 1.45 mm in diameter) were allocated into three groups according to the amount of wobbling angle (W-0°, W-2°, and W-4° groups; N = 12 per group).

Effects of insertion angle and implant thread type on the fracture properties of orthodontic mini-implants during insertion.

Objective: To determine the effects of insertion angle (IA) and thread type on the fracture properties of orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) during insertion.

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 OMIs (self-drilling cylindrical; 11 mm in length) were allocated into 10 groups according to thread type (dual or single) and IA (0°, 8°, 13°, 18°, and 23°) (n = 10 per group). The OMIs were placed into artificial materials simulating human tissues: two-layer bone blocks (Sawbones), root (polymethylmethacrylate stick), and periodontal ligament (Imprint-II Garant light-body).

Preliminary study of Korean orthodontic residents' current concepts and knowledge of cleft lip and palate management.

Objective: A national survey was conducted to assess orthodontic residents' current concepts and knowledge of cleft lip and palate (CLP) management in Korea.

Methods: A questionnaire consisting of 7 categories and 36 question items was distributed to 16 senior chief residents of orthodontic department at 11 dental university hospitals and 5 medical university hospitals in Korea. All respondents completed the questionnaires and returned them.

Surgical treatment modality for facial esthetics in an obstructive sleep apnea patient with protrusive upper lip and acute nasolabial angle.

For patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) offers a good treatment option by physically expanding the skeletal framework. However, facial esthetics can be aggravated by MMA in patients with OSAS who have a normally positioned maxilla, a protrusive upper lip, and an acute nasolabial angle. Therefore, surgical treatment planning should be customized according to diverse skeletodental and soft-tissue patterns to produce a favorable change in facial esthetics and sleep function in patients with OSAS.

Effects of predrilling on the osseointegration potential of mini-implants.

Objectives: To determine a reliable method of drilling a pilot hole when using a self-tapping surface-treated mini-implant and to evaluate stability after placement.

Materials And Methods: Implant sites were predrilled in 12 rabbits with two devices: a conventional motor-driven handpiece and a newly developed hand drill. Mini-implants were then inserted in a complete random block design.

In vitro and in vivo mechanical stability of orthodontic mini-implants.

Objective: To compare in vivo and in vitro mechanical stability of orthodontic mini-implants (OMIs) treated with a sandblasted, large-grit, and anodic-oxidation (SLAO) method vs those treated with a sandblasted, large-grit, and acid-etching (SLA) method.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four titanium OMIs (cylindrical shape, drill-free type; diameter  =  1.45 mm, length  =  8 mm, Biomaterials Korea Inc, Seoul, Korea) were allocated into control, SLA, and SLAO groups (N  =  12 for in vivo and N  =  6 for in vitro studies per group).

Rotational resistance of surface-treated mini-implants.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that there is no difference in the stability and resistance to rotational moments of early loaded sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) mini-implants and those of machined-surface implants of the same size and shape.

Materials And Methods: A randomized complete block design was used in 12 skeletally mature male beagle dogs. Ninety-six orthodontic mini-implants were tested.

Skeletodental factors affecting chin point deviation in female patients with class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry: a three-dimensional analysis using computed tomography.

Objective: Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) was used to investigate which skeletodental factors are related to chin point deviation of facial asymmetry in skeletal class III malocclusion (SCIII) patients.

Study Design: Forty Korean adult female patients with SCIII, who had a three-dimensional CT taken 1 month before orthognathic surgical surgery, were assigned to group 1 (symmetry) or group 2 (asymmetry) according to the amount of chin point deviation from facial midline. Midfacial, mandibular, and cranial base variables were measured with software and statistically analyzed.