Effect of multimodal intervention care on cachexia in patients with advanced cancer compared to conventional management (MIRACLE): an open-label, parallel, randomized, phase 2 trial.

Background: Cancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial process characterized by progressive weight loss, muscle mass, and fat tissue wasting, which adversely affects the quality of life and survival of patients with advanced stages of cancer. CC has a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology, and there is no established standard treatment. Therefore, it is often irreversible and a single treatment modality is unlikely to suppress its progression.

Association Between Plasma Amyloid-β and Neuropsychological Performance in Patients With Cognitive Decline.

To investigate the association between plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels and neuropsychological performance in patients with cognitive decline using a highly sensitive nano-biosensing platform. We prospectively recruited 44 patients with cognitive decline who underwent plasma Aβ analysis, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, and detailed neuropsychological tests. Patients were classified into a normal control (NC, = 25) or Alzheimer's disease (AD, = 19) group based on amyloid PET positivity.

Screening for cerebral amyloid angiopathy based on serological biomarkers analysis using a dielectrophoretic force-driven biosensor platform.

We aimed to analyze plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) and Aβ using a highly sensitive dielectrophoretic-driven biosensor platform to demonstrate the possibility of precise cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) diagnosis in participants classified according to Aβ-positron emission tomography (PET) positivity and the neuroimaging criteria for CAA. We prospectively recruited 25 people with non-Alzheimer's disease (non-AD) and 19 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which were further classified into the CAA- and CAA+ (possible and probable CAA) groups according to the modified Boston criteria. Patients underwent plasma Aβ analysis using a highly sensitive nano-biosensor platform, Aβ-PET scanning, and detailed neuropsychological testing.

Early Prediction of Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Clinical Outcome in Breast Cancer Using a Novel FDG-PET Parameter for Cancer Stem Cell Metabolism.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to chemoresistance and tumor relapse. By using the distinct metabolic phenotype of CSC, we designed novel PET parameters for CSC metabolism and investigated their clinical values. Patients with breast cancer who underwent F-FDG PET/CT before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) were retrospectively included.

Diagnostic and Predictive Values of F-FDG PET/CT Metabolic Parameters in -Mutated Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: The clinical implications of the metabolic parameters of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (F-FDG PET/CT) in epidermal growth factor receptor (-mutated lung cancer are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of the parameters in -mutated lung cancer patients.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 134 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma (72 -negative and 62 positive).

Combined CT texture analysis and nodal axial ratio for detection of nodal metastasis in esophageal cancer.

Objective: To assess the accuracy of a combination of CT texture analysis (CTTA) and nodal axial ratio to detect metastatic lymph nodes (LNs) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: The contrast-enhanced chest CT images of 78 LNs (40 metastasis, 38 benign) from 38 patients with ESCC were retrospectively analyzed. Nodal axial ratios (short-axis/long-axis diameter) were calculated.

Presacral Anastomotic Sinus After Low Anterior Resection Mimicking Recurrent Rectal Cancer.

Presacral anastomotic sinus is recognized as a complication of anastomotic leakage in patients with rectal cancer. Active inflammation in the anastomotic sinus can masquerade as pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer. We present a case of progressive inflammation in anastomotic sinus demonstrated by serial FDG PET/CT scans.

Multiple cerebral microbleeds and atypical β-amyloid deposits: A case report.

Rationale: Cerebral microbleeds are increasingly recognized in various neurological disorders such as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), Alzheimer disease, and stroke. The presence and number of cerebral microbleeds are known to be independent predictors of cognitive impairment.

Patient Concerns: A 73-year-old woman visited our memory disorder clinic complaining of progressive memory impairment, which started 2 years ago.

Vascular Parkinsonism by Infarctions at Different Locations on 18F-FP-CIT PET/CT.

Cerebral vascular lesions are integral to the diagnosis of vascular parkinsonism (VP). The VP, also referred to as lower body parkinsonism, is frequently caused by subcortical white matter lesions, but lesions at any levels of the nigro-striato-thalamo-cortical pathway can also cause VP, thus giving rise to various symptoms other than gait disturbance. Previous dopamine transporter imaging studies using SPECT showed heterogeneous patterns suggesting diverse contributing lesions to VP.

Prediction of painful temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis in juvenile patients using bone scintigraphy.

The study aims to evaluate whether bone scintigraphy is effective in diagnosing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) in juvenile patients. A retrospective study was conducted with 356 consecutive patients with TMJ-OA who were clinically assessed according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Patients were assigned to three groups based on their ages: Group 1: aged 12-16 years; Group 2: aged 17-19 years; and Group 3: aged 20 years.

Quantitative computed tomography texture analysis: can it improve diagnostic accuracy to differentiate malignant lymph nodes?

Background And Objective: Mediastinal lymph node (LN) staging in individuals with non-small-cell lung cancer plays an important role in staging and treatment planning. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) texture analysis (CTTA) in differentiating benign and malignant mediastinal LNs.

Methods: Pathologically confirmed malignant and benign mediastinal LN samples, obtained using endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), were retrospectively reviewed, in addition to chest CT and 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake positron emission tomography (PET) data.

Anterior joint space narrowing in patients with temporomandibular disorder.

Purpose: The aim of this work is to investigate changes in the anterior joint space (AJS) and the relationship of such changes to clinical symptoms in chronic temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) patients, and to compare symptoms between chronic and acute TMD patients.

Methods: Data from 100 TMD patients diagnosed based on the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (55 women; mean age 34.34 ± 14.

Comparison of Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography for the Evaluation Bone Invasion in Upper and Lower Gingival Cancers.

Purpose: Preoperative detection of bone invasion is important in cases of gingival cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of 3 imaging methods for the detection of bone invasion in upper and lower gingival cancer: computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) and CT.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who underwent a maxillectomy or a mandibulectomy for gingival cancer.

Prediction of vesicoureteral reflux in children with febrile urinary tract infection using relative uptake and cortical defect in DMSA scan.

Background: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is an important urologic anomaly that causes renal injury in children with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI). The present study aimed to evaluate the associations of abnormalities detected on technetium-99m-labeled dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) scans, focusing on the association with VUR of the levels of relative decrease in kidney function and cortical defects after a first febrile UTI in children.

Methods: All 171 children underwent ultrasonography, DMSA scan and voiding cystourethrography (VCUG).

Preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma using F-FDG PET/CT: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the potential of tumor F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) avidity as a preoperative imaging biomarker for the prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: One hundred and fifty-eight patients diagnosed with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages 0 or A HCC (median age, 57 years; interquartile range, 50-64 years) who underwent F-FDG positron emission tomography with computed tomography (PET/CT) before curative surgery at seven university hospitals were included. Tumor FDG avidity was measured by tumor-to-normal liver standardized uptake value ratio (TLR) of the primary tumor on FDG PET/CT imaging.

Acute Hemiparesis in a Healthy Elderly Woman: Where and What Is the Lesion?

Hemiparesis may be the result of lesions in the contralateral pyramidal tract in the brain or, less frequently, in the ipsilateral pyramidal tract in the upper cervical spinal cord. However, although rare, multiple lesions that simultaneously occur in both of these regions may be the cause of acute hemiparesis, and the clinical symptoms can often be misdiagnosed as a stroke. In addition, the correct diagnosis of these multiple central nervous system (CNS) lesions is very challenging if they are caused by infection from an unexpected microorganism.

F-FDG PET/CT Can Predict Survival of Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) consists of a heterogeneous group of patients with a wide range of survival times, requiring further prognostic stratification to facilitate treatment allocation. We evaluated the prognostic value of F-FDG uptake on PET/CT at the time of presentation in patients with BCLC stage C HCC. A total of 291 patients with BCLC stage C HCC who underwent F-FDG PET/CT between 2009 and 2010 for staging were retrospectively enrolled from 7 university hospitals.

Prognostic value of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stages 0 and A hepatocellular carcinomas: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: We evaluated the prognostic value of pretreatment (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) in patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 or A hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who had received curative treatment or transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: Between 2009 and 2010, 317 patients diagnosed with HCC at seven hospitals were enrolled. Among these, 195 patients underwent curative treatments including resection, liver transplantation, and radiofrequency ablation.

Prognostic Significance of ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization or Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of (18)F-FDG uptake in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who had transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) or concurrent intraarterial chemotherapy with external-beam radiotherapy (CCRT) and to compare the prognosis between patients treated with TACE and those with CCRT according to (18)F-FDG uptake.

Methods: Two hundred fourteen intermediate-to-advanced-stage HCC patients without extrahepatic metastasis who underwent staging (18)F-FDG PET/CT before TACE (153 patients) or CCRT (61 patients) were recruited from 7 hospitals. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared using an optimal cutoff value for tumor-to-normal liver uptake ratio (TLR).

Dilated Virchow-Robin Space and Dopamine Transporter Imaging in the Striatum of Patients with Parkinsonism.

Objective: The radiological and clinical significance of a dilated Virchow-Robin space (dVRS) in the striatum (STR) remains unclear. We investigated the role of dVRS in STR on parkinsonism and dopamine transporter positron emission tomography (DaT-PET) findings.

Methods: Patients with parkinsonism who underwent both brain magnetic resonance imaging and DaT-PET were included.

Predictive factors for occult contralateral carcinoma in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma by preoperative ultrasonographic and pathological features.

Background: The surgical extent and indication for treatment in patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) remain a controversial issue. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive factor for contralateral occult carcinoma in patients with unilateral PTMC by preoperative ultrasonographic and pathological features.

Methods: Of the total patients who underwent thyroidectomy, 455 patients with PTMC confined to one unilateral lobe as diagnosed using preoperative ultrasonography (US) were enrolled in the study.

Association between interleukin 17/interleukin 17 receptor gene polymorphisms and papillary thyroid cancer in Korean population.

Background: Although numerous recent studies have implicated a role for interleukin 17(IL17) in tumor development, the mechanisms of IL17 involvement are still uncharacterized. The aims of this study were to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL17 and IL17R contribute to the development of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and to assess the relationship between IL17 and IL17R SNPs and the clinicopathologic characteristics of PTC.

Materials And Methods: Eight SNPs located within the IL17A, IL17RA, and IL17RB genes were genotyped using direct sequencing in 94 patients with PTC and 260 patients without PTC (controls).