[Hyperhydration and the cardiovascular system in patients receiving hemodialysis].

In order to evaluate the influence of volume overload on the cardiovascular system, patients on program hemodialysis were examined using ultrasonography and isotope ventriculography. The study revealed a doubtless correlation between hyperhydration, on the one hand, and arterial hypertension, an increased minute volume, and left ventricular hypertrophy, on the other. A growing left atrial contribution was shown to play an important role for the maintenance of an adequate left ventricular filling during a session of hemodialysis with ultrafiltration.

[Maintenance of the hypnotic component of general anesthesia with feed-back regulation].

The purpose of the study was to design and investigate the closed-loop propofol system (CLPS) with a mean arterial pressure (MAP) controller in open-heart surgery. CLPS consists of a 386 PC, a blood pressure sensor and an infusion pump. The C language computer program sets the propofol infusion rate based on an empirical algorithm including proportional component to maintain the measured MAP more closely to the target MAP (85% of patient standard MAP).

[Rocuronium (esmerone) in anesthesia during surgery under extracorporeal circulation].

The study was undertaken to examine the myoplegic, hemodynamic, and histamine-releasing effects of the new aminosteroidal myorelaxant Rocuronium (esmerone, Organon firm) used to maintain anesthesia in cardiac surgical patients by orienting to early tracheal extubation. Twenty two patients aged 50 +/- 3 years operated on under extracorporeal circulation were examined. At the initial stage of maintenance, the agent in a dose of 0.

[Modeling of vitreoretinal proliferation].

Complexes of endogenous immunopeptides produced by autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes were injected to the vitreous body of 17 chinchilla rabbits (34 eyes). The agents injected were autosupernatant. L fraction containing molecular substances with mol.

[Clinico-immunological studies in dystrophic retinal detachment complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy].

Clinical and immunologic study of patients with detachment of the retina complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVRP) revealed medium and high titers of S antibodies in the lacrimal and subretinal fluid of patients with stages A and B PVRP in 92 and 70%, respectively, and did not detect these antibodies in patients with stages C and D PVRP in 68 and 78.9%, respectively. A statistically reliable increase of IgG and IgA levels in the subretinal fluid was observed, as well as of IgA and SIgA in the lacrimal fluid of patients with dystrophic detachment of the retina.

[Acute retinal necrosis syndrome: diagnosis and treatment strategy].

The authors describe the clinical picture, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategy in patients with the syndrome of acute retinal necrosis, based on their own findings and published data. The syndrome of acute retinal necrosis is binocular, the difference in the time of involvement of the paired eye varying from 3 weeks to 18 months; the course of the disease is extremely severe. Starting as acute iridocyclitis, the disease rapidly progresses and leads to the development of vaso-occlusive necrotic retinitis, eventuating in retinal tissue degradation at the site of involvement, formation of ruptures and detachment of the retina.

[Role of immunological factors in peripheral vitreo-chorioretinal dystrophies and macular ruptures of the retina].

The authors analyze the results of clinical and immunological examinations of patients with peripheral vitreo-chorioretinal dystrophies (PVCRD) and macular ruptures of the retina. No antibodies to S-AG were detected in the lacrimal fluid in 87.5% of patients with PVCRD without retinal defects.

[Scleral compression in assessment of the stage of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and type of subretinal contents in retinal detachment].

The authors analyse intraocular changes occurring in detachment of the retina using sclero-compression data. A total of 447 eyes of 417 patients with detachment of the retina complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy of various severity were examined. Four main types of compression chorioretinal relationships are distinguished permitting a preoperative differential diagnosis of stages of concomitant proliferative vitreoretinopathies and of the type of subretinal contents in detachment of the retina.

[The surgical treatment of retinal detachment by temporary balloon buckling: the late results, reasons for inefficacy and indications].

Retinal detachments were for the first time treated using inflatable balloons in 1979 by Lincoff et al. A characteristic feature of this method is simplicity and low traumatism. Up to the present time it was used in the treatment of retinal detachments with single breaks or groups of breaks altogether not surpassing equatorially one o'clock on the fundus.

[The functional characteristics of the calcium-regulating systems and the calcium content of the blood following a cadaveric kidney allograft].

Total plasma calcium (Ca), Ca renal reabsorption, Ca tissue transport, parathyroid hormones and calcitonin were measured in fasting 30 recipients of a renal allotransplant, 95 healthy subjects, 9 primary hyperparathyroidism patients, 12 patients with bronchial asthma and exogenic hypercorticism. Total Ca proved normal in 26 but lowered in 4 recipients. Canalicular Ca reabsorption got enhanced in 17 recipients with high parathormone levels in 10 of them.

[Peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophies in myopia patients].

The problem of retinal detachment prevention is closely connected with a competent diagnosis of peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophies (PVCRD). The present research was aimed at analysis of PVCRD incidence in myopia of various degree and of the incidence of pathologic shifts requiring prophylactic laser coagulation or cryopexy. A total of 1022 patients (2044 eyes) with myopia of various degrees aged 5 to 58 were examined.

[The dynamic indices of local blood circulation in the surgical treatment of retinal detachment].

The hemodynamics of both eyes was examined before and after surgery in patients with detachment of the retina. The depression of uveal blood stream was transitory in extrascleral ballooning, in contrast to that in cerclage and filling, when the hemodynamic characteristics of both eyes are significantly reduced.

[Neuroendocrine disorders in brain-dead donors at the time of multiorgan harvesting].

Changes in the level of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), somatotropic hormone (STH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin (PL), thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) have been assessed before and during multiorgan excision in 22 donors with brain death. A progressing decrease in ADH blood supply and changes in ACTH, STH, FSH and PL content have been recorded. No regularities have been observed in LH level changes.

[Extra-scleral balloon catheterization. Report 3. New ways of its use--prevention of hypotonia and intraocular hemorrhages in vitreo- retinal surgery].

Hypotonia and ex vacuo hemorrhages are the most grave complications of vitreoretinal surgery; the known methods of their prevention are altogether inadequate. The authors have developed extra-scleral ballooning (ESB) methods that improve the efficacy of surgery and reduce the rate and severity of complications in subretinal fluid draining during surgery for detachment of the retina and in arresting intraocular hemorrhages during closed vitrectomy. ESB application helped elevate intraocular pressure in the patients with drastic hypotonia, permitting a reliable and easy-to-perform monitoring of intraocular pressure over the course of surgery.

[Extrascleral ballooning. 2. New approaches: double and sector ballooning].

Treatment of retinal detachment with the use of distended balloons (extrascleral ballooning) holds good promise due to ease of operation and low traumatism. Unfortunately it may be used only in cases with fresh not high detachments of the retina with solitary or multiple ruptures up to 1-2 optic disk diameters in length. That is why the authors suggest two new modifications of the method: double and sector ballooning, widening the indications for the employment of the method.

[Structuro-functional characteristics of the left heart ventricle in young athletes of various specialties].

The structural-functional state of the left ventricle of boys aged 8-12 years going in for middle-distance racing (the 1st group), swimming (the 2nd group) and wrestling (the 3rd group) has been studied by the method of echo-, poly- and electrocardiography. It is found that posterior wall of the ventricle myocardium is thicker, size of its anteroposterior cavity as well as cavity volume and total volume are larger, the myocardium mass is higher in younger sportsmen as compared with non-sportsmen of the same age. These data indicate the development of ventricular hyperfunction in both isometric and isotonic regimes.

[Effect of various types of sports on the pulmonary rheogram of young school age children].

The pulmonary blood circulation of boys aged from 8 to 12 going in for swimming and wrestling has been studied by the rheographic method. It is found that the pulmonary rheogram of young sportsmen differs significantly from the one of non-sportsmen of the same age. The basic wave amplitude is larger, its elevation and fall angle is smaller, presystolic, systolic and diastolic parts are longer, rheographic systolic and diastolic indices as well as vascular wall elasticity index are higher, peripheral resistance of arterioles and cappilaries are lower in trained children.

[Function-structural features of cardiac adaptation to static physical loads].

The cardiovascular system of 70 white rats was studied during adaptation to the physical static load by means of functional and morphometric techniques. The physical static loads induced variations of adaptive changes of the myocardium: right ventricle hypertrophy was mainly responsible for the cardiac mass increase in 47.1% of rats; 31.