Advantages of Unstable Manual Wheelchair.

In this study, many test runs were conducted using experimental manual wheelchair on various floor surface conditions. In the result, operability of manual wheelchair would be improved by shifting the position of drive wheels forward.

Efficiency and Rolling Resistance in Manual Wheelchair Propulsion.

The efficiency and the rolling resistance in wheelchair propulsion play an important role in the comfort and the health of wheelchair users in daily life. Here we identify these fundamental interactions of wheelchair-user system on treadmill and on track. We measured the oxygen uptake (input) and the propelling torque (output) as the parameters with velocity and tire pressure.

Effect of Tire Pressure to Physical Workload at Operating a Manual Wheelchair.

It is often experienced that low tire pressure of the wheelchair not only increases running resistance, but also reduces parking brake performance. In this study, the required driving forces for different tire pressures were experimentally measured and evaluated. It was indicated from the result that the wheelchair with proper tire pressure could be run with less workload of wheelchair-user.

Biomechanics and Physiology for Propelling Wheelchair Uphill Slope.

A vertical slope of sidewalks significantly inhibits to the mobility of manual wheelchair users in their daily life. International guidelines of the vertical slope are specified approximately 4% or 5% (1:20) gradient or less as preferred, and allow 8.3% (1:12) as its maximum when it is impossible.

Does sex difference influence the neuromuscular blocking potencies of vecuronium?

One hundred and fifty patients of ASA class I-II undergoing elective surgery were given vecuronium 0.1 mg·kg under fentanyl- (NLA), halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane anesthesia, and the spontaneous recovery was monitored to study the sex differences as to onset time, duration [(T, train of four (TOF)], and recovery index (T, TOF). The onset time was significantly shorter in women than in men under isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia.