Treatment of polyethylene microplastics degraded by ultraviolet light irradiation causes lysosome-deregulated cell death.

Background: Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles < 5 mm in size, are prevalent in the environment, and human exposure to them is inevitable. To assess the potential risk of MPs on human health, it is essential to consider the physicochemical properties of environmental MPs, including polymer types, size, shape, and surface chemical modifications. Notably, environmental MPs undergo degradation due to external factors such as ultraviolet (UV) rays and waves, leading to changes in their surface characteristics.

Polyethylene, whose surface has been modified by UV irradiation, induces cytotoxicity: A comparison with microplastics found in beaches.

Microplastics, plastic particles 5 mm or less in size, are abundant in the environment; hence, the exposure of humans to microplastics is a great concern. Usually, the surface of microplastics found in the environment has undergone degradation by external factors such as ultraviolet rays and water waves. One of the characteristics of changes caused by surface degradation of microplastics is the introduction of oxygen-containing functional groups.

A case of Schnitzler syndrome with unusual immunoglobulin A gammopathy exacerbated by COVID-19 infection.

Schnitzler syndrome (SchS) is a rare autoinflammatory disease characterized by chronic urticarial rash and monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) or IgG gammopathy. Viruses, including COVID-19, activate the innate immune system, therefore SchS, in which the innate immune system is improperly activated, is hypothesized to be exacerbated by viral infection. However, there were no reported SchS cases exacerbated by any viral infection.

[Preparation of Degraded Microplastics That Imitate Surface Properties in the Environment].

Microplastics are small pieces of plastic that are less than 5 mm in length. These plastics have been detected in various environments, including the ocean, soil, and air. Their abundance have raised concerns regarding their potential effects on living organisms, including humans.

Polypoid Malignant Melanoma with Spontaneous Decapitation Showing Favorable Prognosis: A Case Report.

Introduction: Regression of malignant melanoma (MM) is a commonly observed phenomenon, which refers to disappearance or loss of all or part of MM. It can be identified both clinically and histologically, and high probability of histological regression of MM (10-58%) has been reported. However, the decapitation of skin tumor has rarely been described in the English literature, and decapitation in MM has not been reported.

Exploratory study on quantitative assessment of skin hardness in patients with systemic sclerosis using SOFTGRAM.

Objectives: There is a lack of quantitative and objective methods for measuring skin hardness. This study aimed to verify whether SOFTGRAM, a device that can measure elastic modulus using the Hertz elastic contact theory, could be used to evaluate skin hardness in systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods: Skin score according to the modified Rodnan total skin thickness score and elastic modulus of the skin using SOFTGRAM were measured for 20 patients with SSc and 20 healthy controls on 8 parts of the body, both of the cheeks, forearms, fingers, and hands.

Efficacy of Vitrectomy With Tamponade Versus No Tamponade for Myopic Traction Maculopathy: A Multicenter Study (SCHISIS Report No.1).

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of tamponade on the visual and anatomic outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy for myopic traction maculopathy (MTM).

Design: Multicenter, retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: Consecutive eyes that underwent vitrectomy for advanced MTM with tamponade of air, sulfur hexafluoride (SF), or perfluoropropane (CF) or without tamponade with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included.

High incidence of major bleeding with off-label use of edoxaban.

In clinical practice, edoxaban is sometimes prescribed for off-label use based on the hypothesis that it is as safe and effective as warfarin. However, there is limited safety information on off-label use due to lack of clinical trial. We aimed to analyze the tolerability of off-label use of edoxaban and to identify patient characteristics associated with major bleeding as adverse effects.

Association between choriocapillaris flow deficit and choroidal neovascularization activity in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization.

Although choriocapillaris flow deficit (CFD) around choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is less associated with CNV activity in myopic eyes, no reports are investigating its size as an indicator of CNV activity. We investigated the relationship between CFD and high myopia-related CNV. In this retrospective, observational study, patients underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) with split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography for diagnosing pathological myopic CNV (mCNV); CFD features around CNV margins were evaluated.

IMI Pathologic Myopia.

Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. Pathologic myopia is distinctly different from high myopia. High myopia is a high degree of myopic refractive error, whereas pathologic myopia is defined by a presence of typical complications in the fundus (posterior staphyloma or myopic maculopathy equal to or more serious than diffuse choroidal atrophy).

Flow pattern and perforating vessels in three different phases of myopic choroidal neovascularization seen by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.

Purpose: To compare the choroidal neovascularization (CNV) flow patterns and the relationship between perforating vessels (PVs) and CNV in the three different stages of networks in myopic CNV (mCNV) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods: This retrospective study included 28 eyes with mCNV that was divided into three phases (active, scar, and atrophic) and observed by SS-OCTA. SS-OCTA findings, with special focus on the relationship between the PVs and CNV, were compared among the three phases.

Cerebellar hemorrhage in patients treated with edoxaban for portal vein thrombosis after hepatobiliary surgery: a report of two cases.

Background: The standard therapeutic agent administered for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with or without cirrhosis is warfarin or low-molecular weight heparin. However, therapy with edoxaban appears to be one of the most promising treatments for patients who require anticoagulation therapy. We encountered two cases of cerebellar hemorrhage in patients treated with edoxaban for PVT after hepatobiliary surgery during the past 2 years.

Effect of peripapillary tilt direction and magnitude on central visual field defects in primary open-angle glaucoma with high myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between peripapillary tilt and visual field (VF) defects in glaucomatous eyes with axial myopia.

Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Patients And Methods: One hundred four eyes of 104 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) with myopia were included (52 eyes with high myopia [HM], 26.

Fovea-Sparing versus Standard Internal Limiting Membrane Peeling for Myopic Traction Maculopathy: A Study of 102 Consecutive Cases.

Purpose: To investigate the long-term outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling (FSIP) and standard ILM peeling for myopic traction maculopathy (MTM).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: A total of 102 eyes of 96 consecutive patients who underwent primary PPV for MTM and were followed up for at least 12 months.

Dynamic Scheimpflug Ocular Biomechanical Parameters in Untreated Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Eyes.

Purpose: To characterize the corneal biomechanical properties of glaucoma eyes by comparing the dynamic Scheimpflug biomechanical parameters between untreated glaucoma and control eyes.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational data of dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer (Corvis ST) examinations were retrospectively collected from 35 eyes of 35 consecutive patients with untreated normal tension glaucoma and 35 eyes of 35 healthy patients matched on age and IOP. Ten biomechanical parameters were compared between the two groups using multivariable models adjusting for IOP, central corneal thickness, age, and axial length.

Accuracy of a deep convolutional neural network in the detection of myopic macular diseases using swept-source optical coherence tomography.

This study examined and compared outcomes of deep learning (DL) in identifying swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) images without myopic macular lesions [i.e., no high myopia (nHM) vs.

Granisetron plus aprepitant versus granisetron in preventing nausea and vomiting during CHOP or R-CHOP regimen in malignant lymphoma: a retrospective study.

Background: Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) regimen includes a high dose of prednisolone (100 mg/body), which exhibits an anticancer and antiemetic effect. However, its optimal use for antiemetic therapy has not been established yet. We assessed the efficacy of granisetron plus aprepitant versus granisetron for CHOP or rituximab-CHOP (R-CHOP) regimen-induced nausea and vomiting in malignant lymphoma.