A nationwide survey of diagnostic procedures for abnormal uterine bleeding in Japan.

Aim: To clarify the diagnostic process of the causative disease of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in Japan according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics AUB diagnostic system.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with AUB were included in a nationwide survey of AUB conducted during any 2-week period between December 2019 and January 2020. The second survey included information on patient background, AUB symptoms, examinations for diagnosing AUB, the order in which they were performed, and the causative diseases of AUB.

Combined histological and DNA methylome profiling approaches may provide insights into the pathophysiology of ovarian endometriomas.

Purpose: To test the theory that invaginated ovarian surface epithelium and endometrial implants on the ovary form ovarian endometriomas.

Methods: Adhesion sites of ovarian endometrioma on the peritoneum and consecutive ovarian endometrioma cyst wall, called non-adhesion sites, were histologically examined. DNA methylomes of the adhesion sites, non-adhesion sites, and blueberry spots were compared with those of ovary, endometrium, and peritoneum.

Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Triple-Negative Apocrine Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study.

Background: With a prevalence of only 1% among all breast cancers in Japan, apocrine carcinoma (AC) is a rare type of breast cancer, and its clinicopathological characteristics remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics and prognosis of AC, in relation to the presence or absence of androgen receptor (AR).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multi-center case-control study (Yokohama Clinical Oncology Group (YCOG): YCOG1701 study) in Japan.

Breast carcinoma with spontaneous regression after needle biopsy: a case report and literature review.

Background: Spontaneous regression (SR) of cancer is a rare condition in which the cancer partially or completely disappears without treatment. We report a case of breast cancer with tumor regression and spontaneously induced T-cell-mediated immunological responses in a surgical specimen obtained after core needle biopsy (CNB).

Case Description: A 52-year-old woman presented with a mass in the right breast.

TRACP-5b/BAP Score After 3 Months of Treatment With Combined SERM/E2 Therapy Can Predict Changes in Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density After 1 Year of Treatment in Early Postmenopausal Osteopenia.

Although changes in bone mineral density (BMD) are important indexes in osteoporosis treatment, no markers are available to predict them. Given the importance of assessing the therapeutic windows of antiresorptives, we explored potential biomarkers of bone remodeling in patients receiving treatment for osteopenia. Postmenopausal women with osteopenia (defined as a lumbar BMD -score <-1.

National survey of abnormal uterine bleeding according to the FIGO classification in Japan.

Aim: To investigate the status of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) in Japan using the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification (AUB system 1 and 2; PALM-COEIN) and to clarify the relationship between AUB symptoms and the diseases causing AUB.

Methods: In a nationwide study, we enrolled first-time patients who visited target facilities during two consecutive weeks from December 1, 2019 to January 31, 2020. The FIGO classification was used to investigate patients with symptoms and causative diseases of AUB.

Real-world outcomes of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system for heavy menstrual bleeding or dysmenorrhea in Japanese patients: A prospective observational study (J-MIRAI).

Objectives: We collected real-world data on the safety and clinical outcomes of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for heavy menstrual bleeding and dysmenorrhea.

Study Design: This was a prospective, multicenter, single-cohort, open-label, post-authorization 12-month follow-up study of Japanese patients initiating the LNG-IUS for heavy menstrual bleeding and/or dysmenorrhea. The primary endpoint was the safety profile based on adverse events and adverse drug reactions (ADRs), including expulsions and abnormal bleeding, within 12 months of LNG-IUS insertion.

Quality of Life of Japanese Dysmenorrhea/Heavy Menstrual Bleeding Patients Treated with Levonorgestrel Intrauterine Delivery System in a Real-World Setting.

Introduction: The present study collected 1-year follow-up patient-reported outcome data from Japanese women with dysmenorrhea and/or heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) who underwent insertion of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) 52 mg. We aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QOL) of Japanese women over the course of the investigational period.

Methods: This was a multicenter, non-interventional, prospective, single-cohort, post-marketing surveillance study (J-MIRAI).

Bleeding patterns of women with heavy menstrual bleeding or dysmenorrhoea using the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: results from a real-world observational study in Japan (J-MIRAI).

Purpose: To collect real-world safety and clinical outcome data on the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) for functional/organic heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and dysmenorrhoea in Japanese women (J-MIRAI).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, multicentre, single-cohort, open-label, post-authorisation study, we assessed menstrual blood loss after LNG-IUS insertion by changes from baseline in pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBAC) scores. Scores for the menorrhagia multi-attribute scale (MMAS) were collected for 12 months to assess quality of life.

A controlled clinical trial comparing potent progestins, LNG-IUS and dienogest, for the treatment of women with adenomyosis.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of two progestins, levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and dienogest (DNG), for adenomyosis.

Methods: This study enrolled 157 women with adenomyosis, randomized to either LNG-IUS ( = 76) or DNG ( = 81) groups as a controlled clinical trial for 72 months. Participants were classified by three different localizations of adenomyosis: diffuse, focal, and extrinsic.

Primary endometrioid carcinoma of the uterosacral ligament arising from deep infiltrating endometriosis 6 years after bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to atypical proliferative endometrioid tumor of the ovary: a rare case report.

Background: Endometriosis can potentially lead to the development of a malignant tumor. Most malignant tumors arising from the endometriosis originate from the ovarian endometrioma, whereas those arising from extragonadal lesions are rare. We report a rare case of endometrioid carcinoma that developed from deep infiltrating endometriosis in the uterosacral ligament 6 years after treatment for atypical proliferative endometrioid tumor of the ovary in a 48-year-old woman.

Efficacy of Tokishakuyakusan add-on therapy with low-dose oral contraceptive pills on endometriosis patients with dysmenorrhea.

Aim: Tokishakuyakusan (TSS) is representative of popular Kampo medicines for Japanese women to treat dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation and menopause. Current hormonal treatments and low-dose oral contraceptives (OCs) used as a first-choice drug for primary symptoms, however, have a high incidence of adverse events without improving patients' satisfaction. We evaluated the efficacy of TSS as additional treatment on the quality of life (QOL) of patients taking OCs with reduced therapeutic satisfaction.

Infertility treatment hinders the careers of working women in Japan.

Aim: Women undergoing infertility treatment often need to balance work and fertility treatment. Therefore, we evaluated the quality of life (QOL) and impact of infertility treatment on Japanese working women and their careers.

Methods: We conducted an online questionnaire at 18 clinics in Japan.

The efficacy and safety of dydrogesterone for treatment of dysmenorrhea: An open-label multicenter clinical study.

Aims: Dydrogesterone is a retro-progesterone preparation widely used for over a half century. We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dydrogesterone in Japanese women with dysmenorrhea.

Methods: This study was conducted as an open-label, single-arm, multicenter study.

Cost-effectiveness of the recommended medical intervention for the treatment of dysmenorrhea and endometriosis in Japan.

Background And Objective: This study aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of early physician consultation and guideline-based intervention to prevent endometriosis and/or disease progression using oral contraceptive (OC) and progestin compared to follow-up of self-care for dysmenorrhea in Japan.

Methods: A yearly-transmitted Markov model of five major health states with four sub-medical states was constructed. Transition probabilities among health and medical states were derived from Japanese epidemiological patient surveys and converted to appropriate parameters for inputting into the model.

Laparoscopic surgery with urinary tract reconstruction and bowel endometriosis resection for deep infiltrating endometriosis.

Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) is the most severe form of endometriosis. It causes chronic pelvic pain, severe dysmenorrhea, deep dyspareunia, dyschezia, and dysuria, markedly impairing the quality of life of women of reproductive age. A number of randomized controlled trials on surgical and medical treatments to reduce the pain associated with endometriosis have been reported, but few have focused on this in DIE.

Effects of low dose oral contraceptive pill containing drospirenone/ethinylestradiol in patients with endometrioma.

Objectives: Low dose oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) that contain synthetic estrogen and progestin are often used to relieve chronic pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of drospirenone/ethinylestradiol (DRSP/EE) with low-dose estrogen in treating endometrioma.

Study Design: A prospective clinical study in six hospitals and one clinic in Japan was conducted.

High expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCC11 in breast tumors is associated with aggressive subtypes and low disease-free survival.

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are membrane proteins that efflux various compounds from cells, including chemotherapeutic agents, and are known to affect multidrug resistance. Recent reports disagree on whether ABCC11 is a risk factor for breast tumorigenesis, but its expression in breast cancer is poorly investigated. We hypothesized that both frequency and expression levels of ABC transporters in breast tumors would vary by cancer subtype, and be associated with prognosis.

Breast cancer manifested by hematologic disorders.

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women. However, it is very rarely manifested as hematologic disorders. A 35-year-old woman was admitted because of disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Association between breast cancer risk and the wild-type allele of human ABC transporter ABCC11.

Background: International mortality and frequency rates for breast cancer have been associated with the wet type of human earwax. It was recently found that earwax type is determined by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), 538G>A (Gly180Arg), in ABCC11. The G allele determines the wet type of earwax as a Mendelian trait with a dominant phenotype.

Pharmacogenomics of human ABC transporters: detection of clinically important SNPs by SmartAmp2 method.

Genetic polymorphisms and mutations in drug metabolizing enzymes, transporters, receptors, and other drug targets (e.g., toxicity targets) are linked to inter-individual differences in the efficacy and toxicity of many medications as well as risk of genetic diseases.

A human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 expression-based approach to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operable breast cancer.

Objective: We investigated the pathological effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in operable breast cancer.

Methods: This prospective clinical study was a pilot involving 63 female patients. Before surgery, patients with tumors overexpressing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 received four cycles of 60 mg/m(2) anthracycline and 600 mg/m(2) cyclophosphamide every 3 weeks, whereas those whose tumors did not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 received four cycles of 75 mg/m(2) docetaxel and 600 mg/m(2) cyclophosphamide every 3 weeks.