The impact of gender on medical visit communication and patient satisfaction within the Japanese primary care context.

Objective: This study was designed to address significant gaps in the predominantly western-centric research literature by examining the influence of gender concordance in medical communication and patient satisfaction within the Japanese context.

Methods: New primary care patients (54 male and 49 female) were randomly assigned to study internists (6 males and 5 females). Recorded visits were coded with the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS).

Two principal components, coping and independence, comprise patient enablement in Japan: cross sectional study in Tohoku area.

The concept of "patient enablement" involves patients' perceptions of ability to understand and cope with illness. Improving enablement is an important goal of medical consultations for patients with chronic illness. To measure "enablement," a post-medical-consultation patient-reported questionnaire was developed and named "Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI)" in the United Kingdom.