In Vitro Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Viruses Carrying a Dual Neuraminidase Mutation Isolated from Immunocompromised Patients.

Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses carrying a dual neuraminidase (NA) substitution were isolated from immunocompromised patients after administration of one or more NA inhibitors. These mutant viruses possessed an H275Y/I223R, H275Y/I223K, or H275Y/G147R substitution in their NA and showed enhanced cross-resistance to oseltamivir and peramivir and reduced susceptibility to zanamivir compared to single H275Y mutant viruses. Baloxavir could be a treatment option against the multidrug-resistant viruses because these dual H275Y mutant viruses showed susceptibility to this drug.

High prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection among domestic pigs in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is prevalent in pigs and may serve as a reservoir for human infection. However, data on HEV infections in pigs in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, are limited. Here, we clarified the process and course of HEV in naturally infected pigs.

A method for detecting rash and fever illness-associated viruses using multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

In this study, a new multiplex RT-PCR method for detecting various viral genes in patients with rash and fever illnesses (RFIs) was constructed. New primer sets were designed for detection of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV1 and 2), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The newly designed and previously reported primer sets were used to detect 13 types of RFI-associated viruses by multiplex RT-PCR assay systems.

The high prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in wild boars in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is known as a causative agent of zoonosis and food poisoning. Pigs and some species of wild animals, including wild boar, are known to be a reservoir of HEV. In this study, we investigated the situation regarding HEV infection in wild boars in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.

[The significance of visiting by pharmacist to home care patient].

The pharmacist visits the patient undergoing treatment in a house as a result that separation of pharmacy and clinic progressed and performs pharmaceutical management guidance. Because home care patients are old, and there are many kinds of the medicine to take, the pharmacist confirms the taking medicine actual situation of the patients and promotes risk management of the drug therapy. The pharmacist makes a reporting book aimed for proper use of the medicine about a visit result and donates it in the chief physician and the other medics.