DNA repair protein RAD50 is involved in the streptozotocin-induced diabetes susceptibility of mice.

Streptozotocin (STZ) is widely used as a pancreatic beta-cell toxin to induce experimental diabetes in rodents. Strain-dependent variations in STZ-induced diabetes susceptibility have been reported in mice. Differences in STZ-induced diabetes susceptibility are putatively related to pancreatic beta-cell fragility via DNA damage response.

Long-Term Outcome Over 15 Years of Prosthesis for Thumb Carpometacarpal Joint Arthritis: A Case Series.

This report presents the long-term (over 15 years) results of four Japanese patients who underwent total joint replacement for thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint arthritis. Four patients (mean age 60.5 years) underwent prosthesis replacement for thumb CMC joint arthritis with AVANTA(TM) (Small Bone Innovations, Morrisville, PA, USA) implants between 2001 and 2004, with a mean follow-up of 20 years and seven months.

Case report: Ulcerative colitis-related spondyloarthritis treated with golimumab until 27 weeks of gestation.

Although tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are recommended for preventing flare-ups in pregnant women with ulcerative colitis (UC), studies on golimumab use during pregnancy are scant. Herein, we present a 39-year-old woman with UC and spondyloarthritis. The patient preferred treatment with a long dosing interval that minimally affects the working life of the patient.

Practice guideline: Statement regarding treatment for suspected slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM; probable) cases (English version).

Insulin treatment should be introduced in patients with slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM; definite), according to the revised diagnostic criteria of SPIDDM (2023). In contrast, SPIDDM (probable) patients are in a non-insulin-dependent state; therefore, a more flexible treatment can be considered, although sulfonylurea agents should be avoided. Insulin treatment has been shown to maintain endogenous insulin secretion capacity in SPIDDM (probable); however, this does not mean that all SPIDDM (probable) patients should use insulin from the early phase.

Clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of non-vaccine serotype Streptococcus pneumoniae in adult Japanese patients with pneumonia.

Background: Non-vaccine serotype (NVT) pneumococcal pneumonia in Japan has increased with the spread of pneumococcal vaccinations. However, there is no data regarding the clinical background and antimicrobial susceptibility of NVT isolates compared with those of vaccine serotype (VT) isolates in adult pneumococcal pneumonia.

Methods: The serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibilities of pneumococcal isolates obtained from patients with pneumonia at the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, from January 2011 to December 2020 were retrospectively evaluated along with the patients' clinical information.

Genetics of type-1 diabetes.

Type-1 diabetes is a multifactorial disease characterized by genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its development and progression. Despite progress in the management of type-1 diabetes, the final goal of curing the disease is yet to be achieved. To establish effective methods for the prevention, intervention, and cure of the disease, the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in its development and progression should be clarified.

Aortic Dissections in the Elderly: Older Age in Patients With Acute Aortic Syndromes Is Associated With Delayed Time to Surgery.

Objective: In the setting of acute aortic syndromes, timely access to definitive surgical repair is of paramount importance. Older patients, primarily septuagenarians and octogenarians, undergoing emergent ascending arch repair experience higher rates of mortality compared to younger patients. Despite this risk, studies show that surgical management is still superior to medical management for this patient population.

Propagation path of a flowering cherry (Cerasus × yedoensis) cultivar 'Somei-Yoshino' traced by somatic mutations.

In the long history of human relations with flowering cherry trees in Japan, 'Somei-Yoshino' occupies an exceptional position among a variety of flowering trees: it is a self-incompatible interspecific hybrid but has been enthusiastically planted by grafting throughout Japan, due most likely to its flamboyant appearance upon full bloom. Thus, 'Somei-Yoshino' gives us a rare opportunity to trace and investigate the occurrence and distribution of somatic mutations within a single plant species through analysis of the genomes of the clonally propagated trees grown under a variety of geographical and artificial environments. In the studies presented here, a total of 46 samples of 'Somei-Yoshino' trees were collected and their genomes were analysed.

Correction: New diagnostic criteria (2023) for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM): Report from Committee on Type 1 Diabetes in Japan Diabetes Society (English version).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s13340-023-00679-1.].

Finite element analysis of mechanical stress in a cementless tapered-wedge short stem in the varus position.

Background: In recent years, the use of tapered-wedge short stems has increased due to their ability to preserve bones and tendons. Surgical techniques occasionally result in a varus position of the stem, which is particularly pronounced in short stems. Although the varus position is not clinically problematic, there are reports of an increased incidence of stress shielding and cortical hypertrophy.

Surveillance and phylogenetic analysis of a pathogenic bacterium candidate in nasal discharge from children.

"The infectious organism lurking in human airways (IOLA)" is a candidate pathogenic bacterium detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens derived from adult patients with chronic lower respiratory tract infections. Genomic analyses of IOLA have revealed that it possesses the smallest and most AT-rich genome among human-derived bacteria. However, its biological properties remain unclear because no culture method has been established for IOLA.

Association between glycemic control and patient-reported outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes in Japan: the SAGE study subanalysis.

Aims/introduction: Psychosocial aspects and the quality of life (QOL) of individuals with diabetes are important for achieving glycemic control and treatment goals. Here, we describe patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of Japanese adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and evaluate the association thereof with glycemic control.

Materials And Methods: This subanalysis of a subgroup of 528 Japanese participants in the SAGE study of adults with T1D used data on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and PRO scores [Hypoglycemia Fear Survey-II (HFS-II), Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID), Insulin Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (ITSQ), and Audit of Diabetes-Dependent QOL (ADDQoL)] and summarized the score by the predefined age groups (26-44-years: n = 208, 45-64-years: n = 217, and ≥ 65-years: n = 103).

Prediction of future insulin-deficiency in glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-positive patients with slowly-progressive type 1 diabetes.

Aims/introduction: This study aimed to identify risk factors that contribute to the progression of slowly-progressive type 1 diabetes by evaluating the positive predictive value (PPV) of factors associated with the progression to an insulin-dependent state.

Materials And Methods: We selected 60 slowly-progressive type 1 diabetes patients who tested positive for glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) at diagnosis from the Japanese Type 1 Diabetes Database Study. GADA levels in these patients were concurrently measured using both radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques.

Glucose values from the same continuous glucose monitoring sensor significantly differ among readers with different generations of algorithm.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) values obtained from CGM systems using the same sensor but with different internal algorithms (the first- and third-generation FreeStyle Libre (1st-gen-libre and 3rd-gen-libre, respectively)) were compared. We used 19,819 paired and simultaneously measured CGM values of 13 patients with diabetes. The average CGM value was significantly higher (P < 0.

Residual Deformity of the Trochlea After Non-displaced Supracondylar Fracture in a Child: A Case Report.

Residual deformity of the trochlea after fractures of the distal end of the humerus in children is well known and is referred to as fishtail deformity. Despite numerous reports on this entity, the reason for various types of fractures with the same results remains unknown. Fishtail deformities after non-displaced supracondylar fractures are very rare.

New diagnostic criteria (2023) for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM): Report from Committee on Type 1 Diabetes in Japan Diabetes Society (English version).

The diagnostic criteria for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; SPIDDM) have been revised by the Committee on Type 1 Diabetes of the Japan Diabetes Society. All of the following three criteria must be met for "a definitive diagnosis of SPIDDM": (1) presence of anti-islet autoantibodies at some point in time during the disease course; (2) absence of ketosis or ketoacidosis at the diagnosis of diabetes with no requirement of insulin treatment to correct hyperglycemia immediately after diagnosis in principle; and (3) gradual decrease of insulin secretion over time, with insulin treatment required at more than 3 months after diagnosis, and presence of severe endogenous insulin deficiency (fasting serum C-peptide immunoreactivity < 0.6 ng/mL) at the last observed point in time.

New diagnostic criteria (2023) for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (SPIDDM): Report from Committee on Type 1 Diabetes of the Japan Diabetes Society (English version).

The diagnostic criteria for slowly progressive type 1 diabetes (slowly progressive insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; SPIDDM) have been revised by the Committee on Type 1 Diabetes of the Japan Diabetes Society. All of the following three criteria must be met for 'a definitive diagnosis of SPIDDM': (1) presence of anti-islet autoantibodies at some point in time during the disease course; (2) absence of ketosis or ketoacidosis at the diagnosis of diabetes with no requirement for insulin treatment to correct hyperglycemia immediately after diagnosis in principle; and (3) gradual decrease of insulin secretion over time, with insulin treatment required at more than 3 months after diagnosis, and the presence of severe endogenous insulin deficiency (fasting serum C-peptide immunoreactivity <0.6 ng/mL) at the last observed point in time.

A case of idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease with secondary autoimmune neutropenia.

A 73-year-old Japanese woman with productive cough and dyspnoea on exertion was admitted, and she showed neutropenia and pulmonary reticular opacities and axial and mediastinal lymphadenopathies on chest computed tomography. The clinical findings and surgical lung and lymph node biopsies were diagnostic for idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease (iMCD) complicated by secondary autoimmune neutropenia (AIN). iMCD is often complicated with hematologic disorders, however, iMCD complicated with AIN has not been reported; therefore, if iMCD is accompanied by neutropenia, the anti-neutrophil antibodies should be measured.

Age group differences in psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional analysis during 2020 to 2021 of a cohort study in Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between psychological distress and leisure-time exercise/socioeconomic status by age group, using data from a cohort study in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among participants in the ME-BYO cohort, aged 20-85 years, living or working in Kanagawa, Japan. A questionnaire was disseminated to 1,573 participants (51.

High Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus After Distal Pancreatectomy and Its Predictors: A Long-term Follow-up Study.

Context: Glucose tolerance worsens after distal pancreatectomy (DP); however, the long-term incidence and factors affecting interindividual variation in this worsening are unclear.

Objective: To investigate the changes in diabetes-related traits before and after DP and to clarify the incidence of diabetes and its predictors.

Methods: Among 493 registered patients, 117 underwent DP.