Neonatal jaundice incidence, risk factors and outcomes in referral-level facilities in Nigeria.

Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of babies with neonatal jaundice in a network of referral-level hospitals in Nigeria.

Design: A cross-sectional analysis of perinatal data collected over a 1-year period.

Setting: Fifty-four referral-level hospitals (48 public and 6 private) across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria.

Diagnostic value of rapid test for malaria among febrile neonates in a tertiary hospital in North-East Nigeria: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Objective: The WHO recommends testing using microscopy or rapid diagnostic test (RDT) before treatment for malaria. However, the use of RDT to diagnose neonatal malaria has not been widely validated with most studies limited to the first week of life. Thus, we conducted this study to determine the utility of RDT in the diagnosis of congenital and acquired malaria in febrile neonates in Nigeria.

Neonatal pain perception, management and review of practises among medical workers in Nigeria newborn units.

Background: Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. The perception of pain is variable and knowledge may not match practise.

Aims: To ascertain the knowledge, attitude and practice of neonatal pain management (NPM) among HCW in newborn units across Nigeria.

Respiratory distress syndrome management in resource limited settings-Current evidence and opportunities in 2022.

The complications of prematurity are the leading cause of neonatal mortality worldwide, with the highest burden in the low- and middle-income countries of South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. A major driver of this prematurity-related neonatal mortality is respiratory distress syndrome due to immature lungs and surfactant deficiency. The World Health Organization's Every Newborn Action Plan target is for 80% of districts to have resources available to care for small and sick newborns, including premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Quality and outcomes of maternal and perinatal care for 76,563 pregnancies reported in a nationwide network of Nigerian referral-level hospitals.

Background: The WHO in collaboration with the Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health, established a nationwide electronic data platform across referral-level hospitals. We report the burden of maternal, foetal and neonatal complications and quality and outcomes of care during the first year.

Methods: Data were analysed from 76,563 women who were admitted for delivery or on account of complications within 42 days of delivery or termination of pregnancy from September 2019 to August 2020 across the 54 hospitals included in the Maternal and Perinatal Database for Quality, Equity and Dignity programme.

Cost implication of CPAP use in low resource settings, surmounting the oxygen administration challenge.

Purpose: Newborn respiratory support using Bubble Continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) has become acceptable in Nigeria as many centers are increasingly reporting its usefulness. There is increasing access to CPAP devices although the use of 100% oxygen for bCPAP administration is on the rise as oxygen/air blenders are not commonly available or insufficient. The cost of oxygen has become a significant contributor to hospital bills.

Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease among newborns in a tertiary hospital in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an important cause of childhood morbidity. The birth prevalence and distribution of CHD among neonates in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria was determined.

Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study involved consecutive neonates in the neonatal and postnatal wards of the hospital.

Antenatal Dexamethasone for Early Preterm Birth in Low-Resource Countries.

Background: The safety and efficacy of antenatal glucocorticoids in women in low-resource countries who are at risk for preterm birth are uncertain.

Methods: We conducted a multicountry, randomized trial involving pregnant women between 26 weeks 0 days and 33 weeks 6 days of gestation who were at risk for preterm birth. The participants were assigned to intramuscular dexamethasone or identical placebo.

Implementing bubble continuous positive airway pressure in a lower middle-income country: a Nigerian experience.

Bubble CPAP (bCPAP) is used for respiratory distress (RD) in neonates. The leading causes of neonatal mortality can lead to severe RD. Many neonatal deaths are preventable using evidence-based interventions like bCPAP as part of a comprehensive approach.

Newborn resuscitation practices and paucity of resuscitative devices in Nigeria; a call to action.

Background: Neonatal resuscitation is a method of preventing morbidities & mortality from asphyxia. Up to 85% of facilities in sub-Saharan Africa lack supplies or skilled personnel for neonatal resuscitation. Relative to the place of birth and the skill of the birth attendant, a variety of resuscitative practice are employed to make babies cry instead of helping the baby breathe.

A new low-cost commercial bubble CPAP (bCPAP) machine compared with a traditional bCPAP device in Nigeria.

: The bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP) technique is widely applied in neonatal respiratory support. Commercial bCPAP brands are expensive in Nigeria and this has driven Nigerian paediatricians to use potentially risky improvised devices (IbCPAP). : This study aimed to design, produce and trial an appropriate low-cost bCPAP machine which is functionally effective and safe.

The scope and extent of exogenous surfactant utilization in Nigerian health care facilities: benefits of its regular use to outcome of premature babies.

Surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) is the standard of care in developed countries. Poor access to surfactant limits its use in low resource settings. The extent of its use and the effect of its regular use on the preterm in such settings is unknown.

A Study of Malaria Parasite Density in HIV-1 Positive Under-fives in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria are leading causes of morbidity and mortality among under-fives in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV infection could affect development of antimalarial immunity by impaired parasite clearance with predisposition to higher malaria parasitaemia.

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess asymptomatic malaria parasite density (AMPD) in HIV-1-infected under-fives in a holoendemic zone.

Kaposi Sarcoma among HIV Infected Patients in Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria: A 14-Year Retrospective Clinicopathological Study.

Background. Despite the increased incidence of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) resulting from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pandemic, there is still significant underreporting of KS in this environment. Objectives.

Effect of HIV-1 Serostatus on the Prevalence of Asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitemia Among Children Less Than 5 Years of Age in Benin City, Nigeria.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and Plasmodium falciparum malaria are 2 of the gravest health threats in sub-Saharan Africa. Multiple repeat infections with the malaria parasite as seen in endemic areas are necessary to develop specific malaria immunity. HIV is an immunosuppressive virus and in children aged <5 years, development of malaria-specific immunity may be impaired and malaria parasite clearance in theory will be delayed; hence the predisposition to increased incidence of asymptomatic malaria or severe malaria.