mitigates allergic nasal inflammation by regulating NRF2-mediated mucin production: Systematic transcriptome and molecular docking analyses.

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L. alleviates OVA-induced allergic asthma through NF-κB and MMP-9 pathways.

Allergic asthma, a type of chronic airway inflammation, is a global health concern because of its increasing incidence and recurrence rates. L. yields a variety type of teas, which are also used as medicinal plants in East Asia and are known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-potentiating properties.

Extract Enhances Antioxidant Effect of Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell on Injured Human Ocular Cells.

Age-related ocular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy are major causes of irreversible vision impairment in the elderly. Conventional treatments focus on symptom relief and disease slowdown, often involving surgery, but fall short of providing a cure, leading to substantial vision loss. Regenerative medicine, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), holds promise for ocular disease treatment.

Melia azedarach L. reduces pulmonary inflammation and mucus hypersecretion on a murine model of ovalbumin exposed asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Melia azedarach L. is a traditional medicinal plant used to control pain, pyrexia, inflammation and bacterial infections that possesses several pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Particularly, the root of M.

Inhibiting NF-κB-S100A11 signaling and targeting S100A11 for anticancer effects of demethylzeylasteral in human colon cancer.

Colon cancer is a common and deadly malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Targeting proteins that inhibit tumor proliferation could lead to innovative treatment strategies for this disease. Demethylzeylasteral, extracted naturally from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.

The Effects of 1--Acetylbritannilactone Isolated from Flowers on Human Neutrophil Elastase and Inflammation of RAW 264.7 Cells and Zebrafish Larvae.

During a search for natural inflammatory inhibitors, 1--acetylbritannilactone (ABL), a sesquiterpene lactone, was isolated from the flowers of . ABL significantly inhibited human neutrophil elastase (HNE) with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) of 3.2 ± 0.

Eupatin, a Flavonoid, Inhibits Coronavirus 3CL Protease and Replication.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused more than six million deaths worldwide since 2019. Although vaccines are available, novel variants of coronavirus are expected to appear continuously, and there is a need for a more effective remedy for coronavirus disease. In this report, we isolated eupatin from flowers and showed that it inhibits the coronavirus 3 chymotrypsin-like (3CL) protease as well as viral replication.

Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Activity by Components of .

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a target enzyme for the treatment of inflammation and cardiovascular disease. A extract exhibited ~50% inhibition of sEH at 100 μg/mL, and column chromatography yielded compounds -. Inhibitors , -, , and were non-competitive; inhibitors , , and were competitive.

The inhibitory activity of methoxyl flavonoids derived from Inula britannica flowers on SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro.

In our ongoing efforts to identify effective natural antiviral agents, four methoxy flavonoids (1-4) were isolated from the Inula britannica flower extract. Their structures were elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance. Flavonoids 1-4 exhibited inhibitory activity against SARS- CoV-2 3CLpro with IC values of 41.

Inhibitory Activity of Quaternary Isoquinoline Alkaloids on Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase.

The quaternary isoquinoline alkaloids of palmatine (), berberine (), and jatrorrhizine () were evaluated in terms of their ability to inhibit soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). They had similar inhibitory activities, with IC values of 29.6 ± 0.

(L.) J.Presl Alleviates Allergic Responses in Asthmatic Mice Suppression of MAPKs and MMP-9.

The prevalence of asthma is gradually increasing, and endangers human health. Many therapeutic agents have been developed to address this concern. (L.

Microbial Transformation of Yakuchinone A and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Its Metabolites.

Yakuchinone A () is a bioactive diarylheptanoid isolated from the dried fruits of Microbial transformation has been recognized as an efficient method to produce new biologically active derivatives from natural products. In the present study, microbial transformation of yakuchinone A was performed with the fungus KCTC 26779, which led to the isolation of nine new metabolites (, , , and -). Their structures were elucidated as (3)-oxyphyllacinol (), (3)- and (3)-7-hydroxyoxyphyllacinol ( and ), (3)-oxyphyllacinol-4'--β-d-glucopyranoside (), (3)-4″-hydroxyoxyphyllacinol (), (3)-3″-hydroxyoxyphyllacinol (), (3)-2″-hydroxyoxyphyllacinol (), (3)-2″-hydroxyoxyphyllacinol-2″--β-d-glucopyranoside (), and (3)-oxyphyllacinol-3--β-d-glucopyranoside () based on the comprehensive spectroscopic analyses and the application of modified Mosher's method.

Microbial Transformation and Biological Activities of the Prenylated Aromatic Compounds from .

has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of burns and acne, and its extracts have been found to show tyrosinase inhibitory and anticancer activities. In this study, the tyrosinase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities of were explored, leading to the isolation of kazinol C (), kazinol E (), kazinol F (), broussonol N (), and kazinol X (), of which the compounds and have not been previously reported. Microbial transformation has been recognized as an efficient tool to generate more active metabolites.

Effects of Microbial Transformation on the Biological Activities of Prenylated Chalcones from .

Microbial transformation is an alternative method for structural modification. The current study aimed at application of microbial transformation for discovering new derivatives and investigating the structure-activity relationship of isobavachalcone (), 4-hydroxyderricin (), and xanthoangelol () isolated from the herb . In the initial screening process, - were incubated with microbes using a two-stage fermentation method and analyzed through TLC monitoring.

Biotransformation of (-)-α-Bisabolol by .

(-)-α-Bisabolol, a bioactive monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol, has been used in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and skin-caring properties. However, the poor water solubility of (-)-α-bisabolol limits its pharmaceutical applications. It has been recognized that microbial transformation is a very useful approach to generate more polar metabolites.

Antimelanogenic activity of patuletin from flowers in B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos.

During the search for natural melanogenesis inhibitors, patuletin, a flavonoid, was isolated from flowers. We investigated the antimelanogenic effects of patuletin on B16F10 melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos. Patuletin dose-dependently reduced melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis and L-DOPA oxidation in B16F10 cells.

Extract of Moutan radicis cortex and Cinnamomi ramulus ameliorates laser-induced choroidal neovascularization in Brown-Norway rats.

Background: Moutan radicis cortex (MRC) and Cinnamomi ramulus (CR) are commonly used in eastern Asian traditional medicine to treat various diseases including cerebrovascular and cardiovascular, and have wide spectrum of pharmacological activities. However, the effect against laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) of extract of MRC and CR (1:1) (MRCCR) has not yet been studied.

Purpose: Our aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of MRCCR on pathological CNV in laser-treated Brown-Norway (BN) rats.

Cimicifugae Rhizoma Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation via the Upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 and Downregulation of NF-κB Phosphorylation in Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma.

Cimicifugae Rhizoma has been used as a medicinal herb for fever, pain, and inflammation in East Asia. We conducted this study because the effect of Cimicifugae Rhizoma extract (CRE) on allergic asthma has not yet been evaluated. To induce allergic airway inflammation, we intraperitoneally injected ovalbumin (OVA) mixed with aluminum hydroxide into mice twice at intervals of 2 weeks (Days 0 and 14) and then inhaled them thrice with 1% OVA solution using a nebulizer (Days 21 to 23).

Biotransformation of the Phenolic Constituents from Licorice and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Their Metabolites.

Biotransformation of four bioactive phenolic constituents from licorice, namely licoisoflavanone (), glycyrrhisoflavone (), echinatin (), and isobavachalcone (), was performed by the selected fungal strain KCCM 60332, leading to the isolation of seventeen metabolites (-). Structures of the isolated compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods, twelve of which (-, - and ) have been previously undescribed. A series of reactions including hydroxylation, hydrogenation, epoxidation, hydrolysis, reduction, cyclization, and alkylation was observed in the biotransformation process.

Microbial transformation of icariin and its derivatives.

Microbial transformation is an important tool to perform selective conversion of compounds to derivatives which are difficult to produce synthetically. In order to obtain icariside II and icaritin, the active components in Herba Epimedii , biotransformation studies using microbes as biocatalysts were carried out. Icariside II () and icaritin () were produced through biotransformation of icariin () using the fungi and var.

Microbial Conjugation Studies of Licochalcones and Xanthohumol.

Microbial conjugation studies of licochalcones (-) and xanthohumol () were performed by using the fungi and . As a result, one new glucosylated metabolite was produced by whereas four new and three known sulfated metabolites were obtained by transformation with . Chemical structures of all the metabolites were elucidated on the basis of 1D-, 2D-NMR and mass spectroscopic data analyses.

Microbial Transformation of Broussochalcones A and B by .

Broussochalcones A (BCA, ) and B (BCB, ) are major bioactive constituents isolated from , a polyphenol-rich plant belonging to the family Moraceae. Due to their low yields from natural sources, BCA () and BCB () were prepared synthetically by employing Claisen-Schmidt condensation, and these were used as substrates for microbial transformation to obtain novel derivatives. Microbial transformation of BCA () and BCB () with the endophytic fungus KCCM 60332 yielded 10 previously undescribed chalcones (- and -).

Prevention of Fine Dust-Induced Vascular Senescence by Extract and Its Major Bioactive Compounds.

Both short- and long-term exposure to fine dust (FD) from air pollution has been linked to various cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial cell (EC) senescence is an important risk factor for CVDs, and recent evidence suggests that FD-induced premature EC senescence increases oxidative stress levels. Hop plant () is a very rich source of polyphenols known to have nutritional and therapeutic properties, including antioxidant behavior.