Combination prevention package of interventions for reducing vulnerability to HIV among adolescent girls and young women in Nigeria: An action research.

Background: Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Nigeria are especially at risk of HIV in Nigeria. Their vulnerability to HIV is linked to multiple concurrent sexual relationships, transgenerational sex, and transactional sex, amongst other factors. These factors have sociocultural contexts that vary across a multi-cultural country like Nigeria.

Asthma in a university campus: a survey of students and staff of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Background: Asthma continues to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. But, its burden among adult populations in university campuses is not well described.

Method: Through a multistage cluster sampling of students and staff of the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, we obtained a representative sample, each for students and staff.

Knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Immunization with Hepatitis B Vaccine, Risk Perception, and Challenges to Control Hepatitis among Hospital Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Background. Studies had reported high rate of hepatitis B infection among hospital workers with low participation in vaccination programmes, especially those whose work exposes them to the risk of HBV infection. The study assessed knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection, risk perception, vaccination history, and challenges to control hepatitis among health workers.

Hepatitis B Virus infection and its modes of prevention among clinical students of Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Background: Hepatitis B is a major global health problem and is a major infectious and occupational hazard for health workers, especially doctors, nurses, dentists and laboratory staff, including those who are under training, because of exposure to patients' body fluids during clinical activities. Clinical students are also at risk of HBV infection during their training in medical school. HBV vaccination status is very low among medical students in Nigeria

Aim: This study assessed the knowledge of clinical students of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife about hepatitis B virus infection and its modes of prevention.

Male involvement in family planning decision making in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.

This study assessed men's awareness, attitude, and practice of modern contraceptive methods, determined the level of spousal communication, and investigated the correlates of men's opinion in family planning decision making in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Quantitative methodology was employed in this cross-sectional descriptive design using a structured household questionnaire to collect information from 402 male study participants. A multistage sampling procedure was employed.

Provider-initiated (Opt-out) HIV testing and counselling in a group of university students in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Objectives: The Provider Initiated HIV (Opt-out) Testing and Counselling model has rarely been tested in Nigeria. This study assessed its feasibility and uptake among a sample of Nigerian university undergraduate students.

Methods: Two hundred and fifty-two Nigerian university students were offered rapid 'opt-out' HIV tests.

New paradigm old thinking: The case for emergency obstetric care in the prevention of maternal mortality in Nigeria.

Background: The continuing burden of maternal mortality, especially in developing countries has prompted a shift in paradigm from the traditional risk assessment approach to the provision of access to emergency obstetric care services for all women who are pregnant. This study assessed the knowledge of maternity unit operatives at the primary and secondary levels of care about the concept of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) and investigated the contents of antenatal care (ANC) counseling services they delivered to clients. It also described the operatives' preferred strategies and practices for promoting safe motherhood and averting maternal mortality in South-west Nigeria.

Impact of nutritional education on nutritional status of under-five children in two rural communities of south-west Nigeria.

Objectives: This study evaluated the impact of nutritional education on knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of mothers concerning infants and young children feeding and their children's nutritional status in two semi-urban communities of south-west Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This is a community intervention study. We recruited 150 mothers of children aged 0-18 months independently from the intervention and control communities through a multi-stage sampling technique.

The Nigerian Aging Males' Symptoms scale. Experience in elderly males.

Background: The Aging Males' Symptoms scale (AMS) is an internationally used scale to analyse health related quality of life (HRQoL). The aim of this paper is to provide evidence that the Nigerian AMS scale measures HRQoL with similar accuracy as in other language versions. We also intended to show the severity of complaints of aging in males in advanced old age.

Utilization of primary health care facilities: lessons from a rural community in southwest Nigeria.

Background: This study assessed service/organisational factors and clients' perceptions that influenced utilisation of Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities in a rural community in Nigeria.

Method: A cross-sectional household survey in the community as well as key-informant interviews of opinion leaders and health care providers and participant observations of health facilities and utilisation pattern was used to collect data.

Results: Forty-four percent of respondents to the survey who were ill in the preceding six months visited a PHC facility for treatment, while others relied on self-medication/self-treatment.

Efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine in preventing anaemia in pregnancy among Nigerian women.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in the prevention of anaemia in women of low parity in a low socio-economic, malaria endemic setting.

Method: The study design was an open randomized control trial comparing anaemia incidence among pregnant women on intermittent presumptive treatment of malaria with SP with those on chloroquine (CQ). A total of 352 primigravid and secondigravid women between 16 and 30 weeks gestation receiving antenatal care at the Primary Health Care Center, Enuwa in Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria were serially recruited and randomly allocated into experimental and control groups of 176 each.

Nutritional status and intelligence quotient of primary schoolchildren in Akure community of Ondo State, Nigeria.

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 402 children (10-15 years) randomly selected from twelve public and private primary schools in Akure community of Ondo State, Nigeria. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on children's demographic features and parent's socio-economic characteristics. The subject's weight, height, height-for-age and weight-for-height z-score were measured and determined respectively.

College students in Nigeria underestimate their risk of contracting HIV/AIDS infection.

Objectives: To assess the perceptions of personal risk of acquiring HIV/AIDS infection among students of selected tertiary institutions in Osun State, Nigeria and to determine the correlates of perceptions of personal risk of infection.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional descriptive design. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was applied to the 405 study participants and correlates of perceptions of personal risk of HIV infection were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis, confidence intervals and odd ratios.

Correlates of physicians' attitudes toward communication with HIV/AIDS patients in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Objectives: The study assessed physicians' perceptions of HIV/AIDS patients and identified the determinants of physicians' attitudes toward communication with HIV/AIDS patients in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 110 physicians in a cross-sectional survey, while in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who had been previously admitted under the care of the physicians. Univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes were conducted.

Men's knowledge of and attitude with respect to family planning in a suburban Nigerian community.

Background: Men's Knowledge of and attitudes to family planning (FP) in suburban and rural Nigeria is still poor despite a global move to increase the involvement of men in reproductive health matters. A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine men's knowledge of and attitude to family planning at Ganmo, a sub-urban community on the outskirts of Ilorin, Nigeria.

Method: The study employed an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire to elicit information from 360 men in the households.

Acceptability, feasibility and affordability of infant feeding options for HIV-infected women: a qualitative study in south-west Nigeria.

The objective of this study was to explore the acceptability, feasibility, affordability, safety and sustainability of replacement feeding options for HIV-infected mothers in Ile-Ife, in south-west Nigeria. Six focus group discussions were conducted with a purposive sample of mothers, fathers and grandmothers. The HIV status of all participants was unknown to investigators.

The unmet need for contraception among Nigerian women in the first year post-partum.

Objective: To determine the level of Unmet need for Contraception among women in the first year post-delivery in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Methods: A prospective study of 256 women attending antenatal clinic of the OAUTHC, Ile-Ife, Nigeria was carried out 9-10 months post-delivery. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, the respondents were interviewed for socio-demographic characteristics; obstetric, sexual, and contraception history were also taken.

Pulmonary functions of wheat flour mill workers and controls in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: The impact of grain dust exposure on lung functions of grain handlers in Nigeria has remained largely undocumented. Lung functions of wheat flourmill workers and control subjects were assessed, and the prevalence of lung function abnormalities was compared among the occupational groups.

Methods: Study subjects consisted of 91 flour-millers, 30 matched internal controls from the maintenance unit of the same flourmill factory and 121 matched external controls.

Contraceptive awareness and use among sexually active breast feeding mothers in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Objective: To assess the level of awareness and correlates of use of family planning services among sexually active breastfeeding mothers attending an infant welfare clinic.

Design: Cross-sectional descriptive design.

Setting: Infant welfare clinic of the urban comprehensive health centre, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Assessment of dietary knowledge, practices and control in type 2 diabetes in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

Background: In spite of the importance of diet in the management of diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetics are often unaware of its place in ensuring good glycaemic control. Consequently, compliance and adherence with dietary advice remain poor among diabetics. The standard of practice of dietary therapy for DM among physicians is also low.

The influence of sociodemographic factors on awareness, knowledge and attitude toward andropause among health professionals in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

A descriptive study of the awareness, knowledge and attitude of health professionals toward andropause was conducted in Ile-Ife, Nigeria with the aim of assessing the influence of sociodemographic variables of the respondents on their perspectives of the subject matter. The study employed a structured questionnaire to assess respondents' level of awareness and knowledge, and Likert-type scales to rate respondents' attitudes. A total of 187 (45%) respondents indicated previous awareness of andropause, with younger people (aged below 40 years) displaying better awareness compared with the older ones (p = 0.

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms among wheat flour mill workers in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: While investigations into occupational health problems of various groups of workers have been conducted in Nigeria, so far, very little attention has been paid to the health status of workers in the grain industry. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms among wheat flour mill workers and control groups in a medium size industrial setting in Nigeria was studied.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional analytical design.

Perceptions of occupational hazards amongst office workers at the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife.

Background: A Survey of 350 office workers at the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife was conducted to determine respondents' perceptions of the occurrence of work-related hazards and to characterize the pattern of hazards found prevalent in the population.

Methods: The survey employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. Data were generated through the use of a structured self-administered questionnaire and a non-participant observation checklist.

A comparative study between intramuscular iron dextran and oral ferrous sulphate in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.

A comparative study was conducted to demonstrate the difference, if any, in effectiveness of treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy with either iron dextran or ferrous sulphate. Sixty pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia were assigned randomly to either group and treated for 6 weeks. The age and parity distributions with mean packed cell volumes (PCVs) and gestational age at onset of treatment in the two groups were comparable.

Assessment of andropause awareness and erectile dysfunction among married men in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Andropause (also known as androgen decline in aging males) has implications for the reproductive health and quality of life of older males. Very few studies have, however, been reported among the Nigerian population on andropause-related issues. This study assesses the perspective and level of awareness of married men in Ile-Ife, South-west Nigeria, of andropause.