Incidence rate and factors associated with the development of secondary cancers after radioiodine therapy in differentiated thyroid cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of secondary cancers and the factors associated with their development among patients who underwent radioiodine therapy (RIT) with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively collected medical records for patients who underwent first RIT between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2005, from seven tertiary hospitals in South Korea after total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid cancer. Cancer incidence and calculated standardized rate ratio were compared with Korean cancer incidence data.

Comparison of perfusion 18F-FP-CIT PET and 99mTc-ECD SPECT in parkinsonian disorders.

Early and accurate identification of various conditions that can cause parkinsonian symptoms is important for determining treatment policies. Currently dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging using FP-CIT, glucose metabolism imaging using fluorodeoxyglucose, cerebral blood flow image using ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD), and others are used for differentiation. However, the use of multiple modalities is inconvenient and costly.

Assessment of Therapeutic Response in Pyogenic Vertebral Osteomyelitis Using F-FDG-PET/MRI.

Purpose: There is still no definite method to determine therapeutic response in pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis (PVO). We analyzed the value of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for assessing therapeutic response in PVO.

Methods: This retrospective study included 53 patients (32 men and 21 women) with lumbar PVO.

Potential Clinical Applications of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Mammography in Breast Cancer.

The whole-body positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) scan is a cutting edge technology providing comprehensive structural information from MR imaging and functional features from PET in a single session. Recent research findings and clinical experience have shown that F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) whole-body PET/MR imaging has a diagnostic performance comparable with or superior to that of PET/CT in the field of oncology, including for breast cancer. In particular, FDG PET/MR mammography in the prone position with the breast hanging in a pendant manner can provide more comprehensive information about the metabolism, anatomy, and functional features of a breast lesion than a whole-body PET/MR scan.

Quantitative assessment of simultaneous F-18 FDG PET/MRI in patients with various types of hepatic tumors: Correlation between glucose metabolism and apparent diffusion coefficient.

Purpose: Metabolism and water diffusion may have a relationship or an effect on each other in the same tumor. Knowledge of their relationship could expand the understanding of tumor biology and serve the field of oncologic imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between metabolism and water diffusivity in hepatic tumors using a simultaneous positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) system with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and to reveal the metabolic and diffusional characteristics of each type of hepatic tumor.

Prognostic value of preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT in papillary thyroid cancer patients with a high metastatic lymph node ratio: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Metastatic lymph node ratio (MLNR) is a known significant predictor of disease-free survival in differentiated thyroid cancer. The authors investigated the ability of preoperative fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) PET/CT to predict recurrence after surgery with radioactive iodine therapy considering MLNR.

Patients And Methods: A total of 274 patients who underwent preoperative PET/CT and surgery with radioactive iodine therapy were enrolled.

Clinical outcomes of low-dose and high-dose postoperative radioiodine therapy in patients with intermediate-risk differentiated thyroid cancer.

Purpose: Recent studies have suggested that a low dose (LD) of radioiodine (RAI) is sufficient to treat differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) even in patients with intermediate risk. However, these studies evaluated the efficacy of RAI therapy, irrespective of the results of the whole-body scan (WBS). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response to LD and high-dose (HD) RAI therapy using two different criteria (with and without WBS results) and the reclassification system according to the revised 2015 guidelines of the American Thyroid Association in Korean intermediate-risk DTC patients.

Clinicopathological analysis and risk factors of advanced colorectal neoplasms incidentally detected by 18F-FDG PET-CT.

Background: As the clinical use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-computed tomography (F-FDG PET-CT) has increased, the incidental finding of F-FDG uptake with subsequent diagnosis of advanced neoplasm at colorectum has increased. The aim of this study is to analyze the characteristics and risk factors of advanced colorectal neoplasm incidentally detected by F-FDG PET-CT.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent colonoscopy because of an incidental finding of F-FDG uptake at the colorectum from January 2006 to January 2015 at Yeungnam University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively.

Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Findings of Post Traumatic Lymphangioma in a Young Adult Male.

The authors report the case of a 34-year-old male, who underwent a fluorine-18 fluoro deoxyglucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan 7 years after trauma for the evaluation of multifocal masses in the right iliac and right inguinal areas. CT findings showed multifocal low density masses and F-FDG PET revealed slightly increased uptake (maximum standardized uptake value [SUVmax] 3.1).

Comparison of the Performances of (18)F-FP-CIT Brain PET/MR and Simultaneous PET/CT: a Preliminary Study.

Purpose: (18)F-FP-CIT [(18)F-fluorinated N-3-fluoropropyl-2-beta-carboxymethoxy-3-beta-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane] has been well established and used for the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian disorders. Recently, combined positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance (MR) was proposed as a viable alternative to PET/computed tomography (CT). The aim of this study was to compare the performances of conventional (18)F-FP-CIT brain PET/CT and simultaneous PET/MR by visual inspection and quantitative analysis.

An Incidental Finding of Skull Hemangioma During 18F-FP CIT Brain PET/CT.

F-FP CIT has been well established and used for the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian disorders, including idiopathic Parkinson disease. A 54-year-old woman with a history of left hand and leg tremor underwent F-FP CIT PET/CT for the differentiation of parkinsonism. The F-FP CIT PET/CT incidentally showed focal dopamine transporter uptake in the right frontal bone.

Multi-modality imaging for the assessment of myocardial perfusion with emphasis on stress perfusion CT and MR imaging.

High-quality and non-invasive diagnostic tools for assessing myocardial ischemia are necessary for therapeutic decisions regarding coronary artery disease. Myocardial perfusion has been studied using myocardial contrast echo perfusion, single-photon emission computed tomography, positron emission tomography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and, more recently, computed tomography. The addition of coronary computed tomography angiography to myocardial perfusion imaging improves the specificity and overall diagnostic accuracy of detecting the hemodynamic significance of coronary artery stenosis.

F-18 FDG PET/MRI findings of primary breast lymphoma in two cases: FDG PET/MRI findings of primary breast lymphoma.

We present the integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the breast in two women. They were admitted with palpable breast masses. PET/MRI revealed high (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in multinodular enhancing masses without other FDG-avid foci.

Initial experience of integrated PET/MR mammography in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of integrated fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance ((18)F-FDG PET/MR) mammography in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients. From August 2012 to March 2013, we enrolled 42 consecutive breast cancer patients who received whole- body PET/MR and subsequent PET/MR mammography by an integrated PET/MR scanner and were scheduled for surgery within 2 weeks after the of scan. On the whole body PET/MR, 2-point Dixon VIBE, coronal T1w image, axial T2w image, and post-contrast T1 sequences were acquired with simultaneous PET acquisition.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease mimicking malignant lymphoma with 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT in children.

Purpose: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign disease, which is characterized by a cervical lymphadenopathy with fever, and it often mimics malignant lymphoma (ML). 2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) is a powerful imaging modality for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of ML, with the limitations including the nonspecific FDG uptake in infectious or inflammatory processes. This study compared clinical manifestations and PET/CT findings between KFD and ML patients.

Evaluation of Dixon Sequence on Hybrid PET/MR Compared with Contrast-Enhanced PET/CT for PET-Positive Lesions.

Purpose: Hybrid positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging performs a two-point Dixon MR sequence for attenuation correction. However, MR data in hybrid PET/MR should provide anatomic and morphologic information as well as an attenuation map. We evaluated the Dixon sequence of hybrid PET/MR for anatomic correlation of PET-positive lesions compared with contrast-enhanced PET/computed tomography (CT) in patients with oncologic diseases.

Myocardial Fibrosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Demonstrated by Integrated Cardiac F-18 FDG PET/MR.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common condition defined as a diffuse or segmental left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with a nondilated and hyperdynamic chamber as well as cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiac MR (CMR) imaging is a key modality for evaluation of HCM. In addition to the assessment of LV wall thickness, LV function and aortic flow, CMR is capable of estimation of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in affected myocardium which has been shown to have a direct correlation with incidence and severity of arrhythmias in HCM.

Brain SPECT Analysis After Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy in Young Children with Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: Case Report.

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) was shown recently to be promising for improving upper-limb function in children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study investigated the changes in cerebral perfusion with single-photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) after modified CIMT (child-friendly CIMT) in young hemiplegic girls. Two young children with left hemiplegic CP were studied with SPECT at rest before and after the CIMT period, and they also performed standardized upper motor function tests [Jebsen hand function test, quality of upper extremity skills test (QUEST), and dynamic electromyography (EMG)].

Measurement of SUVs-maximum for normal region using VOI in PET/MRI and PET/CT.

The purpose of this research is to establish an overall data set associated with the VOI (Volume of Interest), which is available for simultaneous assessment of PET/MRI and PET/CT regardless of the use of contrast media. The participants as objects of this investigation are 26 healthy examinees in Korea, SUV (standardized-uptake-value)s-maximum evaluation for whole-body F-18 FDG (fluorodeoxyglucose) PET/MRI image using VOI of normal region has exhibited very significant difference to that for whole-body F-18 FDG PET/CT image (significant probability value (P) < 0.0001).

Very different external radiation doses in patients undergoing PET/CT or PET/MRI scans and factors affecting them.

Our aim was to determine the external radiation dose rates of patients undergoing positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, and to assess the factors affecting these doses. The external radiation dose rates (ERDR) from (18)F-FDG were measured using the Geiger-Müller tube at a distance of 10, 50, and 100cm from the patients' skin surface from various body regions. Results showed that at 10cm from the body surface for PET/CT examinations, the ERDR immediately after (18)F-FDG i.

Prevalence of extracardiac findings in the evaluation of ischemic heart disease by multidetector computed tomography.

Objective: Multidector computed tomography (MDCT) is now commonly used for the evaluation of coronary artery disease. Because MDCT images include many non-cardiac organs and the patient population evaluated is highly susceptible to extracardiac diseases, this study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of extracardiac findings in the MDCT evaluation of ischemic heart disease.

Methods: From March 2007 to March 2008, a total of six-hundred twenty patients, who underwent 64-slice MDCT evaluations for chest pain, or dyspnea, were enrolled in this study.

Diagnostic Accuracy of 64-Slice MDCT Coronary Angiography for the Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: A 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is well known to be a useful noninvasive form of angiography for the general population, but not for certain patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy and usefulness of 64-slice MDCT coronary angiography for detecting coronary artery disease in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A total of 240 patients were included, 74 of whom had type 2 diabetes (M:F=40:33; 41.