Trace elements and oxidative stress in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The early imbalances of trace elements in type 1 diabetes (T1D) may cause disturbance of glucose metabolism and more oxidative stress that may enhance the development of insulin resistance and diabetic complications. We aim to evaluate the serum level of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), and copper (Cu), the degree of oxidative stress and evaluate their relations to glycemic control in children with T1D.

Methods: A case-control study which included 100 diabetic children and 40 healthy children age, sex, and ethnicity-matched as a control group.

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency and Azoospermia in Carriers of a Homozygous PSMC3IP Stop Gain Mutation.

Context: The etiology of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) remains unknown in most cases.

Objective: We sought to identify the genes causing POI.

Design: The study was a familial genetic study.

Assessment of left ventricular mass index could predict metabolic syndrome in obese children.

Background: Childhood obesity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases in children and adults.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum leptin level and the cardiac changes in normotensive obese children and to study the relationship between left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and serum leptin with the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS) in obese children.

Methods: This study was conducted in al Jeddani Hospital and Ibn Sina College Hospital in Saudi Arabia in the period from July 2012 to December 2013, and included 82 obese children.

Thermography and colour duplex ultrasound assessments of arterio-venous fistula function in renal patients.

Vascular and clinical assessments of arterio-venous fistula (AVF) function and access are important in patients undergoing or preparing to undergo renal dialysis. Objective assessment techniques include colour duplex ultrasound and more recently medical infrared thermography. Ideally, these should help assess problems relating to fistula failure or to vascular steal from the hand which can result from excessive fistula blood flow.