Abiraterone and enzalutamide in the first line therapy of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer.

Background: The aim was to assess therapeutic outcomes and tolerance in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with androgen receptor targeted agents (ARTA) treatment at one oncological center in the Czech Republic.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 64 patients with mCRPC treated with abiraterone (50 patients) and enzalutamide (14 patients) in the first line of this disease was conducted. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to calculate progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Evaluation of adherence to abiraterone therapy in prostate cancer patients based on a population pharmacokinetic model.

Aims: Abiraterone treatment requires regular drug intake under fasting conditions due to pronounced food effect, which may impact patient adherence. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate adherence to abiraterone treatment in patients with prostate cancer. To achieve this aim, an abiraterone population pharmacokinetic model was developed and patients' adherence has been estimated by comparison of measured levels of abiraterone with population model-based simulations.

Association of the combined parameters including the frequency of primary cilia, PD-L1, Smoothened protein, membranous β-catenin and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression with the outcome of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Aims: The objective of this study was to investigate the association and combined prognostic significance of the PD-L1, Smoothened protein and β-catenin expressions in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: The PD-L1, Smoothened protein and β-catenin expression were evaluated in 104 ccRCC patients. All studied tumor samples were acquired from nephrectomy specimens of primary tumors and not from biopsies or metastases.

Favorable prognostic significance of membranous β-catenin expression and negative prognostic significance of cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in pancreatic cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of membranous β-catenin and cytoplasmic β-catenin expression in pancreatic cancer patients (pts). One hundred pts with histologically verified exocrine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively studied. The membranous β-catenin, cytoplasmic β-catenin, and cell nucleus β-catenin expression were immunohistochemically evaluated.

Impact of Immunotherapy on Real-World Survival Outcomes in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Treatment options for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) are rapidly expanding, and immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors is a first- or second-line option for most patients.

Objective: The objective of the present retrospective analysis was to explore the real-world impact of checkpoint inhibitor-based immunotherapy compared with therapy using other types of targeted therapies using a large real-world database.

Methods: RenIS, a registry of patients with mRCC was used as a data source.

Urachal yolk sac tumor penetrating the bladder as a diagnostic challenge: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Yolk sac tumor (YST) is a germ cell tumor. It is primarily located in the gonads but can also occur extragonadally (extragonadal yolk sac tumor - EGYST), most commonly in the pelvis, retroperitoneum or mediastinum. Only a few YSTs of the urachus have been described.

Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with cabozantinib in the Czech Republic: analysis of four cancer centers.

Aim: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze treatment outcomes and tolerance in patients in whom cabozantinib was used after previous targeted therapy.

Patients And Methods: Cabozantinib was administered in dose 60 mg/day, a subset of patients received initial dose of 40 mg/day. The treatment was administered until to progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Sarcopenia in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Cabozantinib.

Background: Sarcopenia is common in advanced cancer and correlates with poor performance status, increased risk of treatment-related toxicity, and shortened survival. Inhibitors of the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway have been associated with development or deterioration of sarcopenia.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and impact of sarcopenia on survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with cabozantinib, a novel, highly potent multikinase inhibitor.

Care of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer stage III - the Central European real-world experience.

Background Management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is affected by regional specificities. The present study aimed at determining diagnostic and therapeutic procedures including outcome of patients with NSCLC stage III in the real-world setting in Central European countries to define areas for improvements. Patients and methods This multicentre, prospective and non-interventional study collected data of patients with NSCLC stage III in a web-based registry and analysed them centrally.

Expression and prognostic significance of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Merkel cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To detect the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) and to determine the prognostic influence of the PD-L1 expression.

Methods: A total of 13 patients with MCC were retrospectively evaluated (12 patients with primary skin lesion, one patient was diagnosed as unknown primary MCC). All patients underwent surgical resection.

Negative prognostic significance of primary cilia, CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and PD1+ cells expression in clear cell renal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association and combined prognostic significance of the frequency of primary cilia (PC), programmed cell death protein-1 receptor (PD1) and CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in patients with clear cell renal cancer (ccRCC).

Methods: The frequency of PC, PD1 expression and the frequency of intratumoral CD8+ TIL were evaluated in 104 ccRCC patients.

Results: The median frequency of PC was 0.

Interactions Between Anti-Vegf Therapy and Antitumor Immunity as a Potential Therapeutic Strategy in Colorectal Cancer.

There is a growing corpus of evidence indicating that anti-VEGF therapy may normalize the abnormal tumor vasculature with the potential to re-program the tumor immune microenvironment to a more immunosupportive profile. Tumor vessel normalization increases tumor perfusion, and, consequently, oxygen and nutrient supply, and thus can be assumed to improve the general response to anticancer immunotherapy. The increased antitumor immunity responses seen following anti-VEGF therapy may also be associated with the inhibition of the immunosuppressive action deployed by VEGF on effector T cells.

The expression of PD-L1 in patients with castrate prostate cancer treated with enzalutamide.

Purpose: The purpose of our retrospectively study was to evaluate the PD-L1 expression in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with enzalutamide.

Methods: A total of 33 patients with mCRPC were treated with enzalutamide. All patients were previously treated by one or two lines of chemotherapy.

Simulations of centriole of polarized centrosome as a monopole antenna in immune and viral synapses.

The immune synapse (IS) is a temporary interface between an antigen-presenting cell and an effector lymphocyte. Viral synapse is a molecularly organized cellular junction that is structurally similar to the IS. Primary cilium is considered as a functional homologue of the IS due to the morphological and functional similarities in architecture between both micotubule structures.

[Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma].

Introduction: Renal cell cancer accounts for approximately 2-3% of all cases of malignancy. The incidence of kidney cancer in the Czech Republic is the highest in the world. Approximately 70% of renal cell carcinomas are clear-cell renal cancer.

Association of the combined parameters including the frequency of primary cilia, CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-1 expression with the outcome in intestinal cancer.

Purpose: Primary cilium (PC) is considered to be a functional homologue of the immune synapse. Microtubule structures, PC of cancer associated fibroblasts and immune synapses between cytotoxic CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and cancer cells, are regularly found in varying amounts in the microenvironment of solid tumors. The purpose of this study was to find out the potential association and combined prognostic significance of the frequency of PC, PD-1 and CD8+ TILs in patients with intestinal cancer.

The prognostic effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the change of PD-L1 expression in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the change of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma, by comparing PD-L1 expression in pretreatment biopsies and PD-L1 expression in pathological specimens after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 25 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma were evaluated. Patients were treated by neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (radiotherapy:44Gy normofraxionation; chemotherapy: capecitabine 825 mg/m in two daily doses).

[Lymph node metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma without known cutaneous primary - case report].

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare cutaneous tumor with an aggressive clinical course. In most cases it is associated with Merkel cell polyomavirus infection. Exceptionally, the tumor can present as a lymph node metastasis without a discernible cutaneous primary.

The changes of tumour vascular endothelial growth factor expression after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: The aim was to examine the effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy on VEGF expression in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were retrospectively studied. Neoadjuvant treatment comprised external beam radiation (50.

Prognostic significance of the frequency of primary cilia in cells of small bowel and colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: The primary cilium is a solitary, sensory, immotile microtubule-based structure that arises from the centrosome and is projected from the surface of most human cell types. It has been hypothesized that primary cilia could serve as a tumor suppressor organelle. The objective of this pilot study was to investigate the presence and frequency of primary cilia in cells of small bowel and colorectal adenocarcinoma and to evaluate the prognostic significance of their frequency.

Gastric and Colorectal Metastases of Lobular Breast Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Background: Occurrence of gastric metastasis as the first symptom of breast carcinoma with a long period of latency before presentation of the primary breast carcinoma is rare.

Case Report: A patient with gastric metastasis as the first symptom of lobular breast carcinoma, treated by neoadjuvant preoperative chemoradiotherapy and total gastrectomy, with complete local control. Fourteen months after presentation of the gastric metastasis a primary lobular breast carcinoma was discovered, treated by radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal treatment with complete local response.

The prognostic significance of tumor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression change after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prognostic impact of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression changes during neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Material And Methods: Fifty patients with locally advanced rectal cancer were evaluated. All the patients were administered the total dose of 44 Gy.