Oral treatment with essential oil of Hyptis spicigera Lam. (Lamiaceae) reduces acute pain and inflammation in mice: Potential interactions with transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The genus Hyptis comprehends almost 400 species widespread in tropical and temperate regions of America. The use of Hyptis spicigera Lam. (Lamiaceae) is reported in traditional medicine due to its gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Antidepressant-like effect of pramipexole in an inflammatory model of depression.

Pramipexole (PPX), a dopamine D2/3 receptor preferring agonist, is currently in use for the treatment of Parkinson's disease symptoms and restless legs syndrome. Recently, anti-inflammatory properties of PPX have been shown in an autoimmune model of multiple sclerosis, and case reports indicate PPX ameliorates depressive symptoms. Since peripheral inflammation is known to induce depression-like behavior in rodents, we assessed the potential antidepressant effect of PPX in an inflammatory model of depression induced by LPS.

Inosine, an Endogenous Purine Nucleoside, Suppresses Immune Responses and Protects Mice from Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: a Role for A2A Adenosine Receptor.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell autoimmune, inflammatory, and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently available therapies have partially effective actions and numerous side reactions. Inosine, an endogenous purine nucleoside, has immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and analgesic properties.

The nociception induced by glutamate in mice is potentiated by protons released into the solution.

Unlabelled: In this study we compare the effect of a glutamate solution with pH adjusted to 7 (3-30 micromol/paw), a non-pH-adjusted glutamate solution (.3-30 micromol/paw, pH range 2.24-1.