Decomposition of molecular properties.

We review recent work on property decomposition techniques using quantum chemical methods and discuss some topical applications in terms of quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics calculations and the constructing of properties of large molecules and clusters. Starting out from the so-called LoProp decomposition scheme [Gagliardi et al., J.

Local decomposition of imaginary polarizabilities and dispersion coefficients.

We present a new way to compute the two-body contribution to the dispersion energy using ab initio theory. By combining the complex polarization propagator method and the LoProp transformation, local contributions to the Casimir-Polder interaction is obtained. The full dispersion energy in dimer systems consisting of pairs of molecules including H, N, CO, CH, pyridine, and benzene is investigated, where anisotropic as well as isotropic models of dispersion are obtained using a decomposition scheme for the dipole-dipole polarizability.

First Hyperpolarizability of Collagen Using the Point Dipole Approximation.

The application of localized hyperpolarizabilities to predict a total protein hyperpolarizability is presented for the first time, using rat-tail collagen as a demonstration example. We employ a model comprising the quadratic Applequist point-dipole approach, the so-called LoProp transformation, and a procedure with molecular fractionation using conjugate caps to determine the atomic and bond contributions to the net β tensor of the collagen [(PPG)10]3 triple-helix. By using Tholes exponential damping modification to the dyadic tensor in the Applequist equations, a correct qualitative agreement with experiment is found.

Modeling Rayleigh Scattering of Aerosol Particles.

Rayleigh scattering of naturally polarized light was studied for systems with atmospheric relevance representing growing water clusters with adsorbed cis-pinonic acid. The scattering intensity was computed from the static and dynamical polarizabilities of the clusters obtained by a recently derived methodology for classical polarizabilities, in which Applequist equations for interacting polarizable dipoles are used together with point-dipoles and polarizabilities obtained by quantum chemistry and decomposed into the atomic domain by the so-called LoProp transformation generalized for frequency dependence. The Applequist interaction was found to yield scattering intensities 20% larger for a cluster consisting of 1000 water molecules, as compared to the method where all of the polarizabilities of molecules are added without interactions.

Hyperpolarizabilities of extended molecular mechanical systems.

We propose and evaluate algorithms for the calculation of molecular polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities of extended chemical systems. These algorithms are generalizations of the Silberstein-Applequist procedure involving interacting induced classical dipoles through the localized polarizabilities and hyperpolarizabilities. The models are evaluated in terms of interacting molecular units as well as interacting atomic units that result from the atomic decomposition scheme known as the LoProp transformation.

Frequency-dependent force fields for QMMM calculations.

We outline the construction of frequency-dependent polarizable force fields. The force fields are derived from analytic response theory for different frequencies using a generalization of the LoProp algorithm giving a decomposition of a molecular dynamical polarizability to localized atomic dynamical polarizabilities. These force fields can enter in a variety of applications - we focus on two such applications in this work: firstly, they can be incorporated in a physical, straightforward, way for current existing methods that use polarizable embeddings, and we can show, for the first time, the effect of the frequency dispersion within the classical environment of a quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics (QMMM) method.