Weighted Coherence Analysis as a Window into the Neurophysiological Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting from external forces, is a leading cause of disability and death, often leading to cognitive deficits that affect attention, concentration, speech and language, learning and memory, reasoning, planning, and problem-solving. Given the diverse mechanisms underlying TBI symptoms, it is essential to characterize its neurophysiological and neuropsychological effects. To address this, we employed weighted coherence (WC) analysis in patients performing the Halstead-Reitan categorization task, alongside a control group of eight healthy individuals.

COGNITIVE, NEUROLOGICAL, NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL AND NEUROPSYCHIATRIC ALTERATIONS IN POST-COVID-19 PATIENTS.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 disease, reports hundreds of infections daily, the alterations and sequelae of this new pathogen have been reported globally, due to the seriousness of being an older adult and evolving seriously.

The benefits of role play in the development of drawing in preschool children.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to demonstrate the benefits of role play based on a Historical-Cultural perspective with the implementation of symbolic elements generated by the development of drawing of preschool children from suburban origin in a group of normal Mexican preschool children. We predict that the quality of the drawings will be improved after the preschoolers participate in such a role play program.

Methods: A pre-experimental study was carried out, with pre-test and post-test assessments.

EEG Global Coherence in Scholar ADHD Children during Visual Object Processing.

Among neurodevelopmental disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the main cause of school failure in children. Notably, visuospatial dysfunction has also been emphasized as a leading cause of low cognitive performance in children with ADHD. Consequently, the present study aimed to identify ADHD-related changes in electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics, associated with visual object processing in school-aged children.

Augmenting EEG-global-coherence with auditory and visual noise: Multisensory internal stochastic resonance.

The present investigation documents the electrophysiological occurrence of multisensory internal stochastic resonance (MISR) in the human electroencephalographic (EEG) coherence elicited by auditory and visual noise.We define MISR of EEG coherence as the phenomenon for which an intermediate level of input noise of a sensory modality enhances EEG coherence in response to another noisy sensory modality. Here, EEG coherence is computed by the global weighted coherence (GWC), modulated by quasi-Brownian noise.

Brownian Optogenetic-Noise-Photostimulation on the Brain Amplifies Somatosensory-Evoked Field Potentials.

Stochastic resonance (SR) is an inherent and counter-intuitive mechanism of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) facilitation in biological systems associated with the application of an intermediate level of noise. As a first step to investigate in detail this phenomenon in the somatosensory system, here we examined whether the direct application of noisy light on pyramidal neurons from the mouse-barrel cortex expressing a light-gated channel channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) can produce facilitation in somatosensory evoked field potentials. Using anesthetized Thy1-ChR2-YFP transgenic mice, and a new neural technology, that we called Brownian optogenetic-noise-photostimulation (BONP), we provide evidence for how BONP directly applied on the barrel cortex modulates the SNR in the amplitude of whisker-evoked field potentials (whisker-EFP).

Effect of mechanical tactile noise on amplitude of visual evoked potentials: multisensory stochastic resonance.

The present investigation documents the electrophysiological occurrence of multisensory stochastic resonance in the human visual pathway elicited by tactile noise. We define multisensory stochastic resonance of brain evoked potentials as the phenomenon in which an intermediate level of input noise of one sensory modality enhances the brain evoked response of another sensory modality. Here we examined this phenomenon in visual evoked potentials (VEPs) modulated by the addition of tactile noise.

Firing properties of auditory primary afferents from the basilar papilla in the chick.

We performed intracellular and single-unit extracellular recordings of neurons from different regions of the basilar papilla in the isolated chicken inner ear. We compared the spontaneous activity and the response properties of these neurons in embryos at E15 versus posthatching animals at P1. The recordings were carried out from the apical (position 0) to the basal extension at three positions of the basilar papilla, at 5%, 10% and 40% of the entire length of the cochlea.

Suppression of enhanced physiological tremor via stochastic noise: initial observations.

Enhanced physiological tremor is a disabling condition that arises because of unstable interactions between central tremor generators and the biomechanics of the spinal stretch reflex. Previous work has shown that peripheral input may push the tremor-related spinal and cortical systems closer to anti-phase firing, potentially leading to a reduction in tremor through phase cancellation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether peripherally applied mechanical stochastic noise can attenuate enhanced physiological tremor and improve motor performance.

Enhanced corticomuscular coherence by external stochastic noise.

Noise can have beneficial effects as shown by the stochastic resonance (SR) phenomenon which is characterized by performance improvement when an optimal noise is added. Modern attempts to improve human performance utilize this phenomenon. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether performance improvement by addition of optimum noise (ON) is related to increased cortical motor spectral power (SP) and increased corticomuscular coherence.

Broad-band Gaussian noise is most effective in improving motor performance and is most pleasant.

Modern attempts to improve human performance focus on stochastic resonance (SR). SR is a phenomenon in non-linear systems characterized by a response increase of the system induced by a particular level of input noise. Recently, we reported that an optimum level of 0-15 Hz Gaussian noise applied to the human index finger improved static isometric force compensation.

The strength of the corticospinal coherence depends on the predictability of modulated isometric forces.

Isometric compensation of predictably frequency-modulated low forces is associated with corticomuscular coherence (CMC) in beta and low gamma range. It remains unclear how the CMC is influenced by unpredictably modulated forces, which create a mismatch between expected and actual sensory feedback. We recorded electroencephalography from the contralateral hand motor area, electromyography (EMG), and the motor performance of 16 subjects during a visuomotor task in which they had to isometrically compensate target forces at 8% of the maximum voluntary contraction with their right index finger.

Improved sensorimotor performance via stochastic resonance.

Several studies about noise-enhanced balance control in humans support the hypothesis that stochastic resonance can enhance the detection and transmission in sensorimotor system during a motor task. The purpose of the present study was to extend these findings in a simpler and controlled task. We explored whether a particular level of a mechanical Gaussian noise (0-15 Hz) applied on the index finger can improve the performance during compensation for a static force generated by a manipulandum.

Impact of a weekly dance class on the functional mobility and on the quality of life of individuals with Parkinson's disease.

Individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) mainly suffer from motor impairments which increase the risk of falls and lead to a decline of quality of life. Several studies investigated the long-term effect of dance for people with PD. The aims of the present study were to investigate (i) the short-term effects of dance (i.

Corticomuscular coherence reflects interindividual differences in the state of the corticomuscular network during low-level static and dynamic forces.

In the investigation of corticomuscular coherence (CMC), it remained unclear why some subjects do not present significant CMC. We predicted that such subjects will develop CMC as a result of learning as indexed by improved performance during a visuomotor task. We investigated CMC, cortical motor spectral power (SP), and performance in 14 subjects during isometric compensation of a static force or dynamic force (DF) with their right index finger.

Corticospinal beta-range coherence is highly dependent on the pre-stationary motor state.

During steady muscle contractions, the human sensorimotor cortex generates oscillations in the beta-frequency range (15-30 Hz) that are coherent with the activity of contralateral spinal motoneurons. This corticospinal coherence is thought to favor stationary motor states, but its mode of operation remains elusive. We hypothesized that corticospinal beta-range coherence depends on the sensorimotor processing state before a steady force task and may thus increase after sensorimotor tuning to dynamic force generation.