Enhanced carnosic acid levels in two rosemary accessions exposed to cold stress conditions.

Two rosemary accessions were subjected to chilling temperatures in control environmental cabins analyzing their variations in rosmarinic and carnosic acids together with their adaptability to these stress conditions. Cold stressed plants of both accessions showed increases in caffeic acid and carnosic acid concentration levels, while other secondary metabolites such as rosmarinic acid, naringin, cirsimaritin, hispidulin, and carnosol showed different responses in both accessions. In addition, cold stressed plants exhibited significant reductions in chlorophylls, beta-carotene, and violaxanthin levels as well as the maximum quantum yield of PSII in both accessions.

Characterization of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in uterine leiomyoma cells.

Objective: Cellular and subcellular localization of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) in uterine leiomyomas.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: University of La Laguna (ULL) and Canary University Hospital (HUC).

Dimerization of ferulic and caffeic acids by purified peroxidase isolated from Bupleurum salicifolium callus culture.

A novel peroxidase that catalyses the transformation of caffeic acid and ferulic acid via oxidative coupling was purified from callus cultures of Bupleurum salicifolium petioles. The enzyme, which was purified over 2,900-fold, is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 38,000, determined by SDS/PAGE and gel filtration. The K(m) values obtained were 2.