Gendered employment trajectories and later life health in liberal regime countries: A quantitative study in the United States, England, Switzerland and Chile.

We explore the association between adulthood employment patterns and later life health among men and women in four liberal regime countries: two from Europe (England and Switzerland) and two from the Americas (United States and Chile). We carefully harmonized life-history data from the surveys SHARE (N = 1,143), HRS (N = 4,006), ELSA (N = 3,083), and EVDA (N = 802). The samples included individuals born between 1944 and 1954, with information on employment histories from age 15 to 65 and on 11 health outcomes in later life.

Socio-spatial trajectories and health disparities among older adults in Chile.

In this study, we examine residential trajectories since birth among older adults in the Santiago Metropolitan Area, Chile, and their association with health outcomes. We linked retrospective residential information for a sample of 802 individuals aged 65-75 in 2019 to context-based information from decennial censuses. Our analysis reveals substantive heterogeneity in individuals' residential trajectories, thus mirroring social and urban changes in Chile's largest city.

Long-term functional ability trajectories and mental health among older people before and after the COVID-19 pandemic onset in Chile.

Objectives: Despite the advances in understanding the complex association between functional abilities and mental health in old age, studies have overlooked two important aspects. First, traditionally, research has employed cross-sectional designs, measuring limitations at a single time point. Second, most gerontological studies on this field have been conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic onset.

Socially stratified associations between self-employment and health among Chilean older people.

Non-standard forms of employment, such as self-employment, are among the most prevalent routes for older people to access the workforce. While the financial benefits of any form of self-employment in later life have been widely acknowledged, less is known about their impact on health. This study explores the association between self-employment and 16 health outcomes among older people with different social stratification characteristics in Chile, a developing country experiencing rapid population ageing.

Health among workers retiring after the state pension age: a longitudinal and comparative study.

Background: In recent decades, many countries have observed increasing labor force participation beyond the state pension age (SPA). However, there is a lack of research on employment beyond SPA and how it relates to older workers' health. Moreover, there is a need to better understand how institutional factors affect the relationship between older workers' employment and health.

Childhood Socioeconomic Position and Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Women and Men: The Moderating Role of Parenthood Onset.

Based on a life-course approach, the purpose of this study is to analyze how the age at the birth of a first child moderates the relationship between childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) incidence in old age, separately for women and men. We used a rich and representative life history survey of people aged from 65 to 75 living in Santiago, Chile ( = 802), and weighted multivariate statistical models. Data collection process involved the use of face-to-face life history calendars, administered by well-trained interviewers.

Adulthood Employment Trajectories and Later Life Mental Health before and after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: This life course study has two aims. First, to explore how diverse employment trajectories across adulthood are related to older people's mental health in Chile, a country with no research in this field, and second, to analyze these associations before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We use data from the nationally-representative and longitudinal 'Chilean Social Protection Survey' sequence analysis to reconstruct employment trajectory types, and bivariate and multivariate analyses to measure their association with depressive symptoms.

Childhood Socioeconomic Position, Adulthood Employment Trajectories, and Later Life Functional Limitations in Chile.

Relying on a life course perspective, we explored the association between childhood socioeconomic position (SEP), adulthood employment trajectories, and their interactions, with different domains of functional limitations among older people in Chile. We used data from a face-to-face, comprehensive and representative life history survey of older people ( = 802), and weighted bivariate, multivariate, and longitudinal quantitative methods. As a way to address potential problems of reverse causality, we adjust multivariate analyses by lifetime health indicators.

Part-time work and health in late careers: Evidence from a longitudinal and cross-national study.

In this exploratory study, we examine how older workers' part-time employment and health are associated in four countries promoting this type of employment in late careers but with a different welfare regime: the United States, Germany, Sweden, and Italy. Using data from two large representative panel surveys and conducting multichannel sequence analysis, we identified the most typical interlocked employment and health trajectories for each welfare regime and for three different age groups of women and men. We found that there is more heterogeneity in these trajectories in countries with a liberal welfare regime and among older age groups.