Global prevalence of depression in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with psychosocial problems, especially depression, contributing to poor overall outcomes. Depression has not been given adequate priority in the management of CKD patients despite its significant adverse impact on all major outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis determined the pooled prevalence of clinical depression in the global CKD population and sub-populations.

A Regional Study to Evaluate the Impact of Coal-fired Power Plants on Lung Cancer Incident Rates.

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related deaths. In Kansas, where coal-fired power plants account for 34% of power, we investigated whether hosting counties had higher age-adjusted lung cancer incidence rates. We also examined demographics, poverty levels, percentage of smokers, and environmental conditions using spatial analysis.

The prevalence and risk of mortality associated with intradialytic hypertension among patients with end-stage kidney disease on haemodialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Intradialytic hypertension (IDHTN) is a common but less frequently recognised complication of haemodialysis. However, it is associated with increased overall mortality in patients on haemodialysis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of IDHTN and associated mortality risk in the global haemodialysis population.

Evaluating the impact of delayed study startup on accrual in cancer studies.

Background: Drug development in cancer medicine depends on high-quality clinical trials, but these require large investments of time to design, operationalize, and complete; for oncology drugs, this can take 8-10 years. Long timelines are expensive and delay innovative therapies from reaching patients. Delays often arise from study startup, a process that can take 6 months or more.

Chikungunya virus antepartum transmission and abnormal infant outcomes in a cohort of pregnant women in Nigeria.

Objectives: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a reemerging global public health concern, which causes acute febrile illness, rash, and arthralgia and may affect both mothers and infants during pregnancy. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of CHIKV in Africa remains understudied.

Methods: Our cohort study screened 1006 pregnant women with a Zika/dengue/CHIKV rapid test at two clinics in Nigeria between 2019 and 2022.

Arbovirus surveillance in pregnant women in north-central Nigeria, 2019-2022.

Background: The adverse impact of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) virus infection in pregnancy has been recognized in Latin America and Asia but is not well studied in Africa. Although originally discovered in sub-Saharan Africa the non-specific clinical presentation of arbovirus infection may have hampered our detection of adverse clinical outcomes and outbreak.

Objective: This prospective study of arbovirus infection in pregnant women in north-central Nigeria sought to characterize the prevalence of acute arbovirus infection and determine the impact on pregnancy and infant outcomes.

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 2 plays a noncatalytic role in the histone methylation activity of PRMT1.

Protein arginine N-methyltransferases are a family of epigenetic enzymes responsible for monomethylation or dimethylation of arginine residues on histones. Dysregulation of protein arginine N-methyltransferase activity can lead to aberrant gene expression and cancer. Recent studies have shown that PRMT2 expression and histone H3 methylation at arginine 8 are correlated with disease severity in glioblastoma multiforme, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma.

Chikungunya virus antepartum transmission and abnormal infant outcomes in Nigeria.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has become a global public health concern since the reemergence of the Indian Ocean lineage and expansion of the Asian genotype. CHIKV infection causes acute febrile illness, rash, and arthralgia and during pregnancy may affect both mothers and infants. The mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of CHIKV in Africa remains understudied.

Arbovirus surveillance in pregnant women in north-central Nigeria, 2019-2022.

The adverse impact of Zika (ZIKV), dengue (DENV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) virus infection in pregnancy has been recognized in Latin America and Asia but is not well studied in Africa. In Nigeria, we screened 1006 pregnant women for ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV IgM/IgG by rapid test (2019-2022). Women with acute infection were recruited for prospective study and infants were examined for any abnormalities from delivery through six months.

Pharyngeal Fish Hook Impaction: Case Report and Literature Review.

Foreign bodies, particularly fish bones, in the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus are a common complaint. A swallowed foreign body can be embedded in the tonsil, the base of the tongue, the pyriform fossae, or any region of the upper esophagus. A 70-year-old woman presented with persistent left-sided pharyngeal pain with the sensation of a foreign body for 10 days.

Vaccine Confidence in NYC: Thematic Analysis of Community Stories.

The vaccine community has produced extensive evidence on vaccine hesitancy, but research to understand the factors that affect public trust in vaccines and vaccine confidence among Black, Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) remains limited. To enrich extant literature, we present themes from 332 stories collected from predominantly BIPOC communities in New York City that explored motivators for vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic. Stories were collected by trained community health workers from December 2021 to June 2022.

Insights into the potential benefits of triphala polyphenols toward the promotion of resilience against stress-induced depression and cognitive impairment.

In response to environmental challenges, stress is a common reaction, but dysregulation of the stress response can lead to neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and cognitive impairment. Particularly, there is ample evidence that overexposure to mental stress can have lasting detrimental consequences for psychological health, cognitive function, and ultimately well-being. In fact, some individuals are resilient to the same stressor.

Factors influencing cassava farmers' choice of climate change adaption practices and its effect on cassava productivity in Nigeria.

This study examined the socio-economic factors influencing choice of climate change adaptation practices and the effects of these practices on cassava productivity in Nigeria. Using a multi-stage sampling technique, structured questionnaire was used to survey 100 cassava farmers. The result was analyzed with a multivariate probit and generalized linear regression models.

The first-line antituberculosis drugs, and their fixed-dose combination induced abnormal sperm morphology and histological lesions in the testicular cells of male mice.

Rifampicin (RIF), Isoniazid (INH), Ethambutol (EMB), Pyrazinamide (PZA), and/or their fixed-dose combination (FDC) are extensively prescribed in the cure of Tuberculosis (TB) globally. In spite of the beneficial effect, these drugs are capable of inducing cellular toxicity. Existing information on the genotoxic effects of the first-line anti-TB drugs is limited and contentious.

Foreign bodies in the aerodigestive tract: time for comprehensive preventive measures.

Background: Foreign body (FB) in the aerodigestive tract presents more commonly in children and remains a surgical emergency with potential for fatal complications.

Objectives: To describe management and outcomes of aerodigestive FB managed at University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) and proffer preventive measures.

Methods: A 9-year retrospective review of all patients with foreign body in the aerodigestive tract managed between March 2011 and July 2020.

Discovery of putative inhibitors against main drivers of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Insight from quantum mechanical evaluation and molecular modeling.

SARS-CoV-2 triggered a worldwide medical crisis, affecting the world's social, emotional, physical, and economic equilibrium. However, treatment choices and targets for finding a solution to COVID-19's threat are becoming limited. A viable approach to combating the threat of COVID-19 is by unraveling newer pharmacological and therapeutic targets pertinent in the viral survival and adaptive mechanisms within the host biological milieu which in turn provides the opportunity to discover promising inhibitors against COVID-19.

Community health workers' critical role in trust building between the medical system and communities of color.

The authors interrogate elements of routine medical practice in New York City to argue for reforms of hospital culture through relational trust-building capabilities of community health workers.

Knowledge of Basic Life Support among Doctors and Nurses Attending a Refresher Course in a Teaching Hospital in Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Poor knowledge of Basic Life Support (BLS) can lead to hesitation in delivering prompt intervention, thus increasing mortality in people with cardiac arrest. We set out to determine level of knowledge of Basic Life Support among doctors and nurses working in a teaching hospital in Nigeria.

Methodology: Self-administered questionnaires were employed in a descriptive, cross-sectional study to assess knowledge of doctors and nurses.

Attitude and knowledge of women between 45 and 65 years on menopause syndrome at the university college hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

This research was designed to find out the attitude and knowledge of women between 45 and 65 years on menopause syndrome and its management. The study was conducted in University College Hospital located in Ibadan North Local Government of Oyo state. A self-designed forced-choice questionnaire was distributed to 100 women using random sampling technique.

Comparison of the Ivermectin and Lopinavir/Ritonavir Treatment Outcomes among COVID-19 Mild to Moderate Cases in Kaduna State.

Background: Ivermectin has been a popular anti-parasitic drug since the late 1970s. The promising result of in-vitro studies on the antiviral activity of the drug has led clinicians in many countries to use this drug to treat COVID-19 patients. This study determined and compared the mean number of days at clinical recovery for mild to moderate cases of COVID -19 treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir (Alluvia) and Ivermectin at the Kaduna State Infectious Disease Control Centres.

Comparative study of haemodynamic effects of intravenous ketamine-fentanyl and propofol-fentanyl for laryngeal mask airway insertions in children undergoing herniotomy under general anaesthesia in a nigerian tertiary hospital.

Background: Insertion of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) with propofol in children may cause hypotension, laryngospasm and apnoea. Ketamine and fentanyl have been combined separately with propofol to prevent depression of cardiovascular system during LMA insertion, especially in paediatric patients. Ketamine-fentanyl and propofol-fentanyl combinations have analgesic effect, prevent coughing and apnoea and regarded as agents of choice for LMA insertions.