Mortality outcomes with hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 from an international collaborative meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Substantial COVID-19 research investment has been allocated to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, which currently face recruitment challenges or early discontinuation. We aim to estimate the effects of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on survival in COVID-19 from all currently available RCT evidence, published and unpublished. We present a rapid meta-analysis of ongoing, completed, or discontinued RCTs on hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine treatment for any COVID-19 patients (protocol: https://osf.

Effects of sibutramine on ventricular dimensions and heart valves in obese patients during weight reduction.

Background: Obesity enhances hemodynamic alterations that predispose to a subsequent increase in left ventricular (LV) wall stress leading to LV hypertrophy. In obese subjects, weight reduction regresses LV mass (LVM), regardless of blood pressure. Sibutramine can increase blood pressure and heart rate, which may attenuate the reductions in LVM associated with weight loss.

In vivo glucosylated LpA-I subfraction. Evidence for structural and functional alterations.

This study compared the structural and functional properties of glucosylated and non-glucosylated LpA-I particle subfractions (GLpA-I and NGLpA-I, respectively) isolated from patients with poorly controlled type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Compared with NGLpA-I, GLpA-I showed an enrichment in triglycerides (P < .05) and a depletion in phospholipid (P < .

Accessibility of human apolipoprotein B-100 epitopes in insulin-dependent diabetes: relation with the surface lipid environment of atherogenic particles.

The physicochemical modifications (composition and conformation) of lipoproteins containing apolipoprotein B-100 (apo B-100) were studied in normocholesterolaemic adequately controlled Type 1 insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Thirty-one normocholesterolaemic (serum cholesterol < 6.50 mmol/l) diabetic male patients and 31 age-and body mass index-adjusted healthy normolipaemic male controls were studied.

Intraperitoneal insulin infusion improves the depletion in choline-containing phospholipids of lipoprotein B particles in type I diabetic patients.

Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is characterized by altered composition of atherogenic lipoproteins, especially a depletion in choline-containing phospholipids (PL) of apolipoprotein (apo) B lipoproteins (LpB). To determine the effects of continuous intraperitoneal (IP) insulin infusion (CIPII) on this qualitative lipoprotein abnormality, we compared lipoprotein profiles of 14 IDDM patients treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and at 2 and 4 months after treatment with CIPII using an implantable pump. IDDM patients were in fair metabolic control and were compared with 14 healthy control subjects matched for sex, age, body mass index, and plasma lipids.

Apo B-containing lipoprotein particles in poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes.

The goal of this study was to compare the structural and biological characteristics of apolipoprotein (apo) B-100-containing particle subfractions isolated from poorly controlled diabetic patients with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM), and healthy controls matched for sex, age and body mass index (BMI). Different apo B-containing particles were isolated by sequential immunochromatography and were free of apo A-I, apo A-II, apo A-IV and apo(a). Particles lipoprotein (Lp) B/C-III contained apo B and apo C-III.

Non-enzymatic glycosylation of apolipoprotein A-I and its functional consequences.

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are believed to protect against atherosclerosis by promoting the process of reverse cholesterol transport. This process involves different steps including efflux of cellular cholesterol, cholesterol esterification and lipid transport and exchange. Apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, the major HDL apolipoprotein, and the HDL-associated enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which uses apo A-I as a cofactor, play a crucial role in reverse cholesterol transport.

Lack of relationship between Lp(a) particle levels and albumin excretion rate in type 1 diabetic patients.

The excess risk of cardiovascular disease in Type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to non diabetic subjects is only partially explained by standard risk factors. Several studies suggest that Lp(a) concentrations are increased in Type 1 diabetes mellitus, but data are still controversial. Moreover, a high cardiovascular risk has been reported in diabetic patients with persistent proteinuria.