Reactivity and DNA Damage by Independently Generated 2'-Deoxycytidin-4-yl Radical.

Oxidative stress produces a variety of radicals in DNA, including pyrimidine nucleobase radicals. The nitrogen-centered DNA radical 2'-deoxycytidin-4-yl radical (dC·) plays a role in DNA damage mediated by one electron oxidants, such as HOCl and ionizing radiation. However, the reactivity of dC· is not well understood.

Mechanistic Insight through Irreversible Inhibition: DNA Polymerase θ Uses a Common Active Site for Polymerase and Lyase Activities.

DNA polymerase θ (Pol θ) is a multifunctional enzyme. It is nonessential in normal cells, but its upregulation in cancer cells correlates with cellular resistance to oxidative damage and poor prognosis. Pol θ possesses polymerase activity and poorly characterized lyase activity.