The Effect of Midface Advancement Surgery on Obstructive Sleep Apnoea in Syndromic Craniosynostosis.

Background: Children with syndromic craniosynostosis frequently suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The aim of the authors' study was to investigate if midface advancement surgery for patients with SC improved the severity of OSA by examining the results of sleep studies before and after surgery.

Methods: A retrospective comparison of the pre and postoperative sleep study data of children undergoing midface advancement surgery at Great Ormond Street Hospital between 2007 and 2016.

Effect of intratympanic steroid administration on sensorineural hearing loss associated with acute otitis media.

Objective: To evaluate a small cohort of patients who presented with symptoms and signs consistent with acute infective sensorineural hearing loss who were treated with intratympanic steroids.

Method: Seven patients received a 7-day course of oral antibiotics and oral prednisolone followed by 3 intratympanic injections of methylprednisolone and 1 week of topical dexamethasone drops.

Results: Hearing improved in 57 per cent of patients (four out of seven).

Head and neck teratomas in children--A series of 23 cases at Great Ormond Street Hospital.

Objective: Head and neck teratomas are rare and malignant change is rarer still. This is a report detailing all of the teratomas treated by the ear, nose and throat or craniofacial teams over the last 28 years at our institution. Examining the common presenting and radiological features as well as our success rates compared to the current literature.

Comparison of quality of life outcomes following different mastoid surgery techniques.

Background: Mastoid surgery carried out to treat chronic otitis media can lead to improvement in objective and subjective measures post-operatively. This study investigated the subjective change in quality of life using the Glasgow Benefit Inventory relative to the type of mastoid surgery undertaken.

Method: A retrospective multicentre postal survey of 157 patients who underwent mastoid surgery from 2008 to 2012 was conducted.

Primary cervical ganglioneuroblastoma.

Objectives: Ganglioneuroblastomas represent a histological subgroup of the rare neuroblastic tumours with intermediate malignant potential arising from neural crest progenitor cells of sympathetic nerves. Diagnosis can often be difficult based on imaging alone. We describe 4 cases of children presenting with a solitary neck mass with histology ultimately revealing ganglioneuroblastoma.

Great Ormond Street Hospital treatment guidelines for use of propranolol in infantile isolated subglottic haemangioma.

Objective: Treatment options for large subglottic haemangioma include steroids, laser ablation, open excision, tracheostomy and, more recently, propranolol. This article aims to present the Great Ormond Street Hospital guidelines for using propranolol to treat infantile isolated subglottic haemangioma by ENT surgeons.

Methods: The vascular malformations multidisciplinary team at Great Ormond Street Hospital has developed guidelines for treating infantile haemangioma with propranolol.

Surgical site infections in paediatric otolaryngology operative procedures.

Objective: An assessment of the rate of surgical site infections associated with elective paediatric otolaryngology surgical procedures.

Methods: Prospective data was collected for a 3-week period for all children undergoing surgery where either mucosa or skin was breached. The parents of the children were requested to complete a questionnaire at 30 days after the operation.

Peri-operative complications after adenotonsillectomy in a UK pediatric tertiary referral centre.

Objectives: Adenoidectomy and/or tonsillectomy are commonly performed in tertiary pediatric hospitals for the management of obstructive sleep apnea, often in children with significant comorbidities. This study examines the peri-operative course of a large series of complex patients undergoing such surgery at a major pediatric centre, reporting particularly cases of respiratory compromise requiring intensive care admission, both electively and unplanned.

Methods: This study was conducted by the pediatric ENT department at Great Ormond Street Hospital.

Branchial anomalies in children.

Background: Branchial cleft anomalies are the second most common head and neck congenital lesions seen in children. Amongst the branchial cleft malformations, second cleft lesions account for 95% of the branchial anomalies. This article analyzes all the cases of branchial cleft anomalies operated on at Great Ormond Street Hospital over the past 10 years.

Are randomised controlled trials involving adenotonsillectomy well reported?

Introduction: Evidence-based medicine guides clinical practice. Currently, the evidence base on adenotonsillectomy is under scrutiny to establish clinical guidelines. It is therefore important that reports of clinical trials are of high quality.

Surgical excision as primary treatment modality for extensive cervicofacial lymphatic malformations in children.

Objective: There has been much recent focus on sclerotherapy treatment of lymphatic malformations with OK432. Surgical treatment however can have a number of advantages, including complete curative excision. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of surgical excision as the primary (first) treatment for this condition.

Single stage laryngotracheal reconstruction using endoscopic posterior grafting in isolated posterior glottic stenosis in children - how we do it.

Objective: Posterior glottic stenosis is a well recognised though rare condition. A wide range of treatment options have been proposed including endoscopic laser techniques and open techniques with grafting. The objective of this study was to present our experience of single stage laryngotracheal reconstruction with endoscopic technique of placement of posterior graft in isolated posterior glottic stenosis.

A rare cause of paediatric epistaxis: lobular capillary haemangioma of the nasal cavity.

The authors describe a case of a 14-year-old male child presenting with massive anterior epistaxis on a background of recurrent episodes of epistaxis. Immediate management constituted anterior nasal packing. Endoscopic nasal examination revealed a 5 mm purple vascular lesion anterior to the right-middle turbinate.

Melioidosis and the vacuum-assisted closure device: a rare cause of a discharging neck wound, and a new approach to management.

Objective: We report a case of melioidosis presenting as a discharging neck abscess, and we describe the use of a vacuum-assisted closure device in its management.

Method: We report the case of a 44-year-old, Afro-Caribbean woman with melioidosis. We also present the results of a literature search using the search terms 'melioidosis', 'Burkholderia pseudomallei' and 'vacuum-assisted closure device'.

Driving standards in tracheostomy care: a preliminary communication of the St Mary's ENT-led multi disciplinary team approach.

Objectives: To assess tracheostomy care and improve standards following the introduction of an ENT-led multidisciplinary tracheostomy ward round service.

Design: Prospective third cycle audit.

Setting: Tertiary academic London hospital serving an inner city population of multi-ethnic background (St Mary's Hospital, Paddington, London).

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease: A case report and review of the literature.

Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease is a rare benign, condition of necrotising histiocytic lymphadenitis. A case of a 55 year old gentleman is described here. He presented with fevers, weight loss and tender cervical lymph nodes.

New presentation of familial medullary thyroid carcinoma in 87-year-old patient with high-risk RET proto-oncogene codon 620 mutation.

Objective: We report a case of familial medullary thyroid carcinoma in an 87-year-old woman, despite the patient having a high-risk codon 620 mutation.

Method: Medline and PubMed were searched for cases and literature reviews relating to the following keywords: 'codon 620', 'medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'multiple endocrine neoplasia' and 'RET proto-oncogene'.

Results: We report the case of an 87-year-old woman who presented with a goitre, later identified as medullary thyroid carcinoma.