Functional analysis of SRY variants in individuals with 46,XY differences of sex development.

In mammals, male sexual development is initiated by the expression of the Sex-determining-Region-Y (SRY) gene. SRY contains a highly conserved high mobility group (HMG) box essential for DNA binding and activity. Variants in SRY cause Differences of Sex Development (DSD), accounting for 10-15% of 46, XY gonadal dysgenesis cases.

Multiple mini-interviews as admission process: A study on perception of health science students in Universiti Brunei Darussalam.

Background: As multiple mini-interviews (MMI) have grown in popularity in selecting applicants to health science programmes, it is essential to comprehend students' views towards MMI and its usefulness in the admissions process. The study aims to explore students' perceptions on the usefulness and satisfaction of the MMI as an admission process into the health science programmes offered in Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD).

Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was distributed to all Year 1 and 2 health sciences students in the university.

Family study of haemoglobin Arya in a Malaysian family.

Introduction: Thalassemia and haemoglobinopathies are relatively common among Malaysians. One of the rare haemoglobinopathies reported is Haemoglobin (Hb) Arya, which occurs due to substitution of aspartic acid at residue 47 of the alpha chain by asparagine. Here, we report the detection of Hb Arya in a Malaysian family, which was detected incidentally during family screening.

Genomic technologies and the diagnosis of 46, XY differences of sex development.

 : Differences/disorders of sex development can be caused by disruptions to the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control development and sex determination of the reproductive organs with 1:100 live births affected. Multiple genes are associated with 46, XY differences/disorders of sex development that can cause varying clinical phenotypes. An accurate genetic diagnosis is essential to guide clinical care for individuals with 46, XY differences/disorders of sex development and can contribute to family planning.

Community stigma and discrimination against the incidence of HIV and AIDS.

The problem of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) /acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is increasingly complex, including not only health-related concerns problems but also rampant stigma and discrimination, further exacerbating the health and social conditions of the affected individuals. This study aimed to examine the triggers of stigma and discrimination among individuals with HIV/AIDS in Wakatobi, Southeast Sulawesi. We employed a quasi-qualitative design with a case study approach involving data reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions.

Expanding the anti-flaviviral arsenal: Discovery of a baicalein-derived Compound with potent activity against DENV and ZIKV.

With approximately 3.8 billion people at risk of infection in tropical and sub-tropical regions, Dengue ranks among the top ten threats worldwide. Despite the potential for severe disease manifestation and the economic burden it places on endemic countries, there is a lack of approved antiviral agents to effectively treat the infection.

Transformative learning in clinical reasoning: a meta-synthesis in undergraduate primary care medical education.

Clinical reasoning is a vital medical education skill, yet its nuances in undergraduate primary care settings remain debated. This systematic review explores clinical reasoning teaching and learning intricacies within primary care. We redefine clinical reasoning as dynamically assimilating and prioritising synthesised patient, significant other, or healthcare professional information for diagnoses or non-diagnoses.

Determining Cutoff Point in Bahasa Malaysia Version of Voice Handicap Index-10 (mVHI-10).

Objective: Determining the cutoff point on Bahasa Malaysia version of Voice Handicap Index (mVHI-10) questionnaire scores for distinguishing between dysphonic and normal voice samples.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the tertiary hospital, Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck clinic.

Methods: The study involved 205 subjects (105 in the dysphonia group; 100 in the normal group) with a complete database of flexible laryngoscopy/stroboscopy, voice recording, acoustic analysis, and mVHI-10 score.

Multiple mini-interviews is a predictor of students' academic achievements in early undergraduate medical years: a retrospective study.

Background: Our study determined Multiple Mini-Interview (MMI) effectiveness in evaluating specific skill sets based on medical students' performances during the undergraduate years and compared the academic performances of medical students who appeared for onsite/online MMI.

Methods: A retrospective study of 140 undergraduate medical students between 2016 and 2020 included data on age, gender, pre-university results, MMI scores, and examination results. Appropriate non-parametric tests were applied to compare the students' MMI and academic performances.

Multi-drug resistant ESKAPE pathogens and the uses of plants as their antimicrobial agents.

Infections by ESKAPE (Enterococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) pathogens cause major concern due to their multi-drug resistance (MDR).

Estimation of a cut-off value for immature platelet fraction (IPF) in predicting platelet recovery in dengue patients with thrombocytopenia.

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is a common complication in dengue that sometimes necessitates platelet transfusion. Immature platelet fraction (IPF) measures immature platelets that indirectly reflect thrombopoiesis and is helpful in predicting platelet recovery.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the role of IPF% and identify its cut-off value in predicting platelet recovery in dengue patients with thrombocytopenia.

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines and levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody in the Bruneian population: Protocol for a national longitudinal study.

Introduction: Neutralising antibodies (NAbs) have been shown to be correlative of immune protection against SARS-CoV-2. We report the protocol for a national longitudinal study to assess and compare the level of NAbs generated in response to COVID-19 vaccines in Brunei Darussalam in adults 2-6 weeks post primary series (BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222, or mRNA-1273 vaccines) and their subsequent follow-up after administration of a third (booster-1) dose (BBIBP-CorV, mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2).

Methods And Analysis: Participant data will be extracted and processed from the national electronic health record system (Bru-HIMS) and the national mobile health application (BruHealth) into a research data platform.

Knowledge transfer of eLearning objects: Lessons learned from an intercontinental capacity building project.

Background: Effective knowledge transfer of eLearning objects can hasten the adoption and dissemination of technology in teaching and learning. However, challenges exist which hinder inter-organisational knowledge transfer, particularly across continents. The ACoRD project aimed to transfer knowledge on digital learning development from UK/EU (provider) to Malaysian (receiver) higher education institutions (HEIs).

Transplantation of IGF-1-induced BMSC-derived NPCs promotes tissue repair and motor recovery in a rat spinal cord injury model.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have therapeutic potential for spinal cord injury (SCI). We have shown that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) enhances the cellular proliferation and survivability of BMSCs-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) by downregulating miR-22-3p. However, the functional application of BMSCs-derived NPCs has not been investigated fully.

Challenging Removal of Embedded Fishbone in Tongue: Multimodal Technique, Surgical Approach and Consideration of Migration.

Fishbone ingestion is a common occurrence and patients present with various symptoms, posing challenges to the attending physicians. Here, we present two unique cases of patients with an unexpected rapidly migrating fishbone in the tongue. The first patient was operated transorally because of a foreign body embedded in the genioglossus muscle.

Preemptive pregabalin for postoperative analgesia during minimally invasive hysterectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the analgesic benefits of preemptive pregabalin among patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy. Five major databases were systematically screened from inception until August 29, 2021 Relevant studies were evaluated for risk of bias. Endpoints were analyzed using the random-effects model and pooled as the mean difference or risk ratio with a 95% confidence interval.

Dataset of ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanin from the petals of using Taguchi method and effect of storage conditions on the anthocyanin stability.

Anthocyanins are natural water-soluble colourants with a number of reported health benefits and are an excellent alternative to artificial dyes. Anthocyanins from were obtained using ultrasound-assisted extraction with glycerol-water (60:40 w/v). The anthocyanins in the extract were measured at wavelength 550 and 700 nm using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and expressed in terms of total anthocyanins content (TAC).

Mother's behavior in breastfeeding in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi (study on mothers with insufficient breastmilk production).

Objective: To in depth analysis of the behavior of breastfeeding mothers with insufficient breastmilk.

Methods: This research is a quasi-qualitative approach conducted in Bajeng and Pabbentengan Health Center Gowa Regency. Data obtained through observation and in-depth interviews with 6 mothers, 3 families, and 2 health workers.

Structure of procarboxypeptidase B1 and its binding with Dengue virus for controlling infection.

Metallocarboxypeptidases play critical roles in the development of mosquitoes and influence pathogen/parasite infection of the mosquito midgut. Here, we report the crystal structure of procarboxypeptidase B1 (PCPBAe1), characterized its substrate specificity and mechanism of binding to and inhibiting Dengue virus (DENV). We show that the activated PCPBAe1 (CPBAe1) hydrolyzes both Arg- and Lys-substrates, which is modulated by residues Asp and Ser Notably, these residues are conserved in CPBs across mosquito species, possibly required for efficient digestion of basic dietary residues that are necessary for mosquito reproduction and development.

Academic experiences, physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students and lecturers in health care education.

Background: In keeping with nation-wide efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) transformed fully its pedagogical delivery to online mode, where we investigated teaching and learning experiences, physical and mental health of undergraduate students and lecturers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on undergraduate students and lecturers in a health science faculty using a self-developed pretested questionnaire through anonymous online data collection method.

Results: Fifty-six lecturers (100% response rate) and 279 students (93.

Prioritising topics for developing e-learning resources in healthcare curricula: A comparison between students and educators using a modified Delphi survey.

Background: Engaging students in the e-learning development process enhances the effective implementation of e-learning, however, students' priority on the topics for e-learning may differ from that of the educators. This study aims to compare the differences between the students and their educators in prioritising the topics in three healthcare curricula for reusable e-learning object (RLO) development.

Method: A modified Delphi study was conducted among students and educators from University Malaya (UM), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) and Taylor's University (TU) on three undergraduate programmes.

Accuracy of Urinary Etiocholanolone/Androsterone Ratio as Alternative to Serum Testosterone/Dihydrotestosterone Ratio for Diagnosis of 5 Alpha-reductase Type 2 Deficiency Patients and Carriers in Indonesia.

Background: The 5 Alpha-reductase type 2 deficiency (5ARD2) is an inherited condition, which clinically presents as variable degrees of under virilization in affected 46,XY individuals. In the diagnostic pathway of 5ARD2, the testosterone/dihydrotestosterone (T/DHT) ratio is broadly employed before molecular analysis of the SRD5A2 gene. However, due to cost-benefit considerations, the DHT test in our country is routinely lacking in clinical settings; therefore, we considered applying the urinary etiocholanolone/androsterone (Et/An) ratio as an alternative test.

Comparative Studies on Different Extraction Methods of and Extracts Bioactive Compounds Effects on Antimicrobial Activities.

The interest of consumers in using products containing phytochemicals derived from plants is growing day by day due to the shift of consumers' preferences from convenience to environmental sustainability. One plant utilized in many products is , a herb commonly used in folk medicine, health supplements, and beauty products. Extraction of bioactive compounds from was performed using conventional methods and modern methods (e.

Conducting multiple mini-interviews in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic.

Multiple mini-interview (MMI) is a 'multiple sample-based' approach comprising multiple focused encounters intended to access and assess a range of attributes in order to gain more objectively multiple impressions of an applicant's interpersonal skills, thoughtfulness and general demeanour. It is designed to focus on four domains that are not considered to be comprehensive, but are considered to be vital for a successful career in the health sciences: critical thinking, ethical decision making, communication and knowledge of the healthcare system. Traditionally, the MMI is conducted face-to-face, but with COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of social distancing measures, no onsite or campus teaching, banning of mass gatherings and cancellation of face-to-face interviews, Pengiran Anak Puteri Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences at Universiti Brunei Darussalam explored the feasibility of conducting MMI through virtual means.