An improved method for toxicological profiling of chemical substances.

Toxicity profiling is an integral part of the drug discovery pipeline. The 3Rs principle-Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement, is considered a golden rule in determining the most appropriate approach for toxicity studies. The acute toxicity study with proper estimate of median lethal dose (LD) is usually an initial procedure for the determination of most suitable test doses for preclinical toxicological and pharmacological profiling.

and studies of essential oil reveal the potential harmful effects of habitual consumption of the plant seed.

G. Baker (Annonaceae), is a plant with nutritional, social economy, and medicinal values. Its rising medicinal profile makes this plant a prospect in drug discovery.

Psychoneuropharmacological activities and chemical composition of essential oil of fresh fruits of Piper guineense (Piperaceae) in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Piper guineense Schum & Thonn (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant used in the Southern States of Nigeria to treat fever, mental disorders and febrile convulsions.

Aims Of The Study: This study aims at determining the chemical composition and the central nervous system (CNS) activities of the essential oil obtained from the plant׳s fresh fruits in order to rationalize its folkloric use.

Materials And Methods: Essential oil of P.

Hypnotic, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane isolated from the essential oil of Dennettia tripetala in mice.

This study investigated the hypnotic, anti-convulsant and anxiolytic effects of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane (BPNE) obtained from the oil of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker (Annonaceae) and established its mechanism of action. The essential oil (EO) from the leaf, fruit and seed was obtained by hydrodistillation, followed by isolation of BPNE purified to 99.