Celiac disease autoimmunity among Nigerian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) affects the small intestine and can hinder nutrient absorption. It is found worldwide and common in certain groups of people including individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). However, the prevalence of CD in the West African region is not documented.

Prevalence and pattern of functional gastrointestinal disorders among secondary school adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Limited data exist on functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) among sub-Saharan African children. This study aimed to determine FGID prevalence and pattern among secondary school adolescents in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents aged 10-18 years in Isolo, Lagos, Nigeria from December 2020 to March 2021.

Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria: clinical characteristics and compliance with care.

Objectives: The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing in most developed and developing countries. This study described the clinical characteristics and compliance with care among Nigerian children and adolescents with T1DM.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive multi-center study of children seen at the paediatric endocrinology clinic of seven selected tertiary health facilities in Nigeria.

Survey showed that very few paediatric residents in Southwest Nigeria were interested in specialising in gastroenterology.

Aim: Paediatric gastroenterology remains an under-recognised sub-speciality in Africa. We determined the preferred sub-specialities among paediatric residents in Southwest Nigeria and what influenced whether they chose paediatric gastroenterology.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey of paediatric residents in seven teaching hospitals in Southwest Nigeria.

Effect of a Fortified Dairy-Based Drink on Micronutrient Status, Growth, and Cognitive Development of Nigerian Toddlers- A Dose-Response Study.

Unlabelled: Malnutrition results in a high prevalence of stunting, underweight, and micronutrient deficiencies. This study investigated the effect of a multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drink on micronutrient status, growth, and cognitive development in malnourished [height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and/or weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) < -1 SD and >-3 SD] Nigerian toddlers ( = 184, 1-3 years). The product was provided in different daily amounts (200, 400, or 600 ml) for 6 months.

Multi-Nutrient Fortified Dairy-Based Drink Reduces Anaemia without Observed Adverse Effects on Gut Microbiota in Anaemic Malnourished Nigerian Toddlers: A Randomised Dose-Response Study.

Prevalence of anaemia among Nigerian toddlers is reported to be high, and may cause significant morbidity, affects brain development and function, and results in weakness and fatigue. Although, iron fortification can reduce anaemia, yet the effect on gut microbiota is unclear. This open-label randomised study in anaemic malnourished Nigerian toddlers aimed to decrease anaemia without affecting pathogenic gut bacteria using a multi-nutrient fortified dairy-based drink.

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection as an important cause of infantile cholestatic jaundice: a case report.

Infantile cholestasis has numerous causes and diagnosis can be difficult, especially in low-income countries where essential laboratory facilities are not readily available. This is a report of a baby who had severe conjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and deranged liver function tests, which posed a diagnostic dilemma before a diagnosis of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was made. He was treated with Ganciclovir and responded well to treatment.

Co-existence of maternal overweight and obesity with childhood undernutrition in rural and urban communities of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: The coexistence of over-nutrition and under-nutrition is emerging as a public health problem in many low and middle income countries. This study aimed at determining prevalence of coexisting maternal overweight and obesity with childhood stunting (MOCS) and the associated socio-demographic factors in rural and urban communities of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross sectional survey conducted using the multistage random sampling technique.

First report of glycogen storage disease type 111a in a Nigerian child.

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism with an incidence of 1/20,000-40,000 live births. Some of the presenting clinical features can mimic diseases commonly seen in the tropics and subtropics. We report a 14-month-old Nigerian child who presented at our institution with GSD Type 111a to alert physicians on the need to consider and recognise this rare disorder.

Skinfold Thickness Measurement in Term Nigerian Neonates: Establishing Reference Values.

Skin fold thickness (SFT) measurement is a reliable, cheap, simple, noninvasive method of body fat estimation at all ages including the neonatal period. . To determine reference values of biceps, triceps, subscapular, and suprailiac skinfold thickness measurements in term Nigerian newborns.

Nigerian sleep study found that children slept less and had more problems than children in other countries.

Aim: We studied sleep patterns, sleep problems and associated socio-demographic factors among children aged one year to 12 years in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: This prospective hospital-based study involved 432 children (55% males) who came for routine paediatric care at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. Information on socio-demographics, sleeping patterns and specific sleep disorders was obtained.

Age of pubertal events among school girls in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Globally, there is a secular trend towards the reduced age for sexual maturity and menarche. This study aimed to determine the current age and factors associated with attainment of various stages of puberty in Nigerian girls.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study involving 800 girls aged 6-15 years.

Off-label prescribing for children with chronic diseases in Nigeria; findings and implications.

Background: Prescribing medicines in an off-label manner for children with chronic conditions is sparsely documented, even more so among developing countries. This needs addressing. The objective of this research was to investigate the extent of off-label prescribing among children with epilepsy, asthma, and sickle cell anaemia in Nigeria.

Head circumference of children with sickle cell disease in Lagos, Nigeria.

Introduction: Growth retardation and under-nutrition are common in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The aim of this study was to compare the head circumference (HC) of SCD children and non-SCD children and to determine the effect of malnutrition on head circumference of children with SCD.

Methods: This was a prospective case-control study conducted at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, involving SCD children (subject, n = 118) and non-SCD children (control, n = 118) matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status.

Dietary practices and nutritional status of under-five children in rural and urban communities of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Background: Evidence shows that urban children generally have a better nutritional status than their rural counterparts. However, data establishing whether this difference in prevalence of undernutrition could be ascribed to difference in dietary practices are few.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare dietary practices and nutritional status of children in rural and urban communities of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Potential drug-drug interactions in paediatric outpatient prescriptions in Nigeria and implications for the future.

Background: Information regarding the incidence of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) and adverse drug events (ADEs) among paediatric patients in Nigeria is limited.

Methods: Prospective clinical audit among paediatric outpatients in four general hospitals in Nigeria over a 3-month period. Details of ADEs documented in case files was extracted.

Improving the management of acute diarrhoea and dehydration in under-5 children in a paediatric referral facility in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Mortality from acute diarrhoea and dehydration (AD/D) in children is high despite existing management guidelines.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify deficiencies in the management of AD/D by health staff and assess changes in management after a training intervention in a paediatric referral facility in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: In a retrospective review of case notes, the management of AD/D was assessed using WHO guidelines as the standard.

Breastfeeding policy and practices at the general paediatric outpatient clinic of a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Hospitals have a role to play in supporting, protecting and promoting breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to describe hospital breastfeeding policy and practices and breastfeeding rates among mothers attending General Paediatric Outpatient Clinic at a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving paediatric nurses and doctors, as well as the mothers who brought their child to the General Paediatric Outpatient Clinic.

Potential drug-drug interactions in HIV-infected children on antiretroviral therapy in Lagos, Nigeria.

Background: Multi-therapy is common in HIV-infected children, and the risk for clinically significant drug interactions (CSDIs) is high. We investigated the prevalence of CSDIs between antiretroviral (ARV) and co-prescribed drugs for children attending a large HIV clinic in Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods: The case files of pediatric patients receiving treatment at the HIV clinic of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, between January 2005 and December 2010 were reviewed.

Helicobacter pylori associated with breastfeeding, nutritional status and recurrent abdominal pain in healthy Nigerian children.

Introduction: There is limited knowledge about the associations of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections in developing countries. This study aimed to determine the current prevalence and associations of H.

Upper arm composition and nutritional status of school children and adolescents in Abeokuta, Southwest Nigeria.

Background: Upper arm composition is a reflection of body protein and calorie reserves. However, there is a paucity of data on upper arm composition of children from African countries, including Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the composition of upper arm and nutritional status of school children in Abeokuta, Nigeria and to compare with international reference standards.

Herbal medicines supplied by community pharmacies in Lagos, Nigeria: pharmacists' knowledge.

Background: The use of herbal medicines is on the increase globally and they are usually supplied in pharmacies as non-prescription medicines. Pharmacists are, therefore, responsible for educating and informing the consumers about rational use of herbal medicines.

Objective: To evaluate the knowledge of pharmacists in Lagos, Nigeria with regards to the herbal medicines they supplied by their pharmacies.

Maternal and child under-nutrition in rural and urban communities of Lagos state, Nigeria: the relationship and risk factors.

Background: Poor nutritional status of mothers has a direct and indirect consequence on their own health and that of their children. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status of mothers and their children and the risk factors for under-nutrition among mothers and children in rural and urban communities of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross sectional survey conducted using the multistage random sampling technique.

Clinically significant interactions between antiretroviral and co-prescribed drugs for HIV-infected children: profiling and comparison of two drug databases.

Background: Drug-drug interactions are an important therapeutic challenge among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Early recognition of drug-drug interactions is important, but conflicts do exist among drug compendia on drug interaction information. We aimed to evaluate the consistencies of two drug information resources with regards to the severity rating and categorization of the potential interactions between antiretroviral and co-prescribed drugs.