Physical Properties, Antimicrobial Activity and In Vivo Tissue Response to Apexit Plus.

We investigated the physical properties, antimicrobial activity, and tissue reaction to Apexit Plus in comparison to Sealapex. Flow, radiopacity, setting time, and solubility were evaluated in each material. The antimicrobial activity against was performed.

Ytterbium Oxide as Radiopacifier of Calcium Silicate-Based Cements. Physicochemical and Biological Properties.

This study evaluated physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and bioactivity of MTA Angelus (MTA), calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) and CSC with 30% Ytterbium oxide (CSC/Yb2O3). Setting time was evaluated using Gilmore needles. Compressive strength was evaluated in a mechanical machine.

Radiographic and micro-computed tomography classification of root canal morphology and dentin thickness of mandibular incisors.

Context: Root canal anatomy is evaluated using different methodologies.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate and classify root canal morphology and dentin thicknesses (DT), comparing radiographic and micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis.

Materials And Methods: Canal diameter and DT of mandibular incisors ( = 520) were evaluated using digital radiographs in buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) directions.

Cytocompatibility, physical properties, and antibiofilm activity of endodontic sealers with amoxicillin.

The aim was to evaluate the cytocompatibility of the AH Plus and Sealapex associated with amoxicillin (AA) in a quantity of 10% by total weight of the sealers, the flow and setting time of these sealers with 10%-0.25% AA and antibiofilm activity of these sealers associated with AA in a concentration that does not alter their physical properties (1%). Cytocompatibility was assessed by MTT, neutral red and cytoskeletal fluorescence assays.

A Novel Model for Evaluating the Flow of Endodontic Materials Using Micro-computed Tomography.

Introduction: Flow and filling ability are important properties of endodontic materials. The aim of this study was to propose a new technique for evaluating flow using micro-computed tomographic (μCT) imaging.

Methods: A glass plate was manufactured with a central cavity and 4 grooves extending out horizontally and vertically.

Effect of ProTaper and Reciproc preparation and gutta-percha cone on cold lateral compaction.

Context: The effectiveness of cold lateral compaction depends on the root canal preparation and used gutta-percha cone.

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate finger spreader penetration into root canals prepared with ProTaper (PT) or Reciproc (Rec) systems and filled with gutta-percha cones with different tapers.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-four simulated root canals in resin blocks with 30° curvature were prepared up to PT F2 or Rec R25.

Surface characteristics of reciprocating instruments before and after use--a SEM analysis.

The presence of debris, defects and deformations of endodontic reciprocating instruments before and after chemical-mechanical preparation (MCP) was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The following 26 instruments were divided into 2 groups: Waveone (n=13) and Reciproc (n=13) and examined by SEM (150 x magnification) prior to canal preparation at 2 and 4 mm from the tip. The instruments were used in the preparation of mesial root canals of 26 extracted human permanent mandibular molars.

Comparison of cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance in reciprocating single-file systems and continuous rotary instrumentation systems.

As compared with continuous rotary systems, reciprocating motion is believed to increase the fatigue resistance of NiTi instruments. We compared the cyclic fatigue and torsional resistance of reciprocating single-file systems and continuous rotary instrumentation systems in simulated root canals. Eighty instruments from the ProTaper Universal, WaveOne, MTwo, and Reciproc systems (n = 20) were submitted to dynamic bending testing in stainless-steel simulated curved canals.

Influence of sealer placement technique on the quality of root canal filling by lateral compaction or single cone.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the sealer placement technique on the quality of root canal filling using Lateral Compaction (LC) or Single Cone (SC). In order to do that, 60 mesial roots of mandibular first molars were prepared and divided into 2 groups (n=30), according to the filling technique: LC and SC. Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=10), according to the different sealer placement methods: A: Master gutta-percha (GP) cone; B: Lentulo spiral; C: File.

The efficacy of the self-adjusting file and ProTaper for removal of calcium hydroxide from root canals.

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Self-Adjusting File (SAF) and ProTaper for removing calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] from root canals.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six human mandibular incisors were instrumented with the ProTaper system up to instrument F2 and filled with a Ca(OH)2-based dressing. After 7 days, specimens were distributed in two groups (n=15) according to the method of Ca(OH)2 removal.

Ex-vivo effect of intracanal medications based on ozone and calcium hydroxide in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis.

This ex vivo study evaluated the antibacterial effect of intracanal medications in root canals contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. Fifty single-rooted human teeth were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated at 37°C for 21 days.

Effect of the root canal final rinse protocols on the debris and smear layer removal and on the push-out strength of an epoxy-based sealer.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of QMiX, SmearClear, and 17% EDTA for the debris and smear layer removal from the root canal and its effects on the push-out bond strength of an epoxy-based sealer by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Forty extracted human canines (n = 10) were assigned to the following final rinse protocols: G1-distilled water (control), G2-17% EDTA, G3-SmearClear, and G4-QMiX. The specimens were submitted to a SEM analysis to evaluate the presence of debris and smear layer, respectively, in the apical or cervical segments.

Cleaning capacity promoted by motor-driven or manual instrumentation using ProTaper Universal system: Histological analysis.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the cleaning capacity of the Protaper system using motor-driven or manual instrumentation.

Materials And Methods: Ten mandibular molars were randomly separated into 2 groups (n = 5) according to the type of instrumentation performed, as follows: Group 1 - instrumentation with rotary nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) files using ProTaper Universal System (Dentsply/Maillefer); and, Group 2 - instrumentation with Ni-Ti hand files using ProTaper Universal (Dentsply-Maillefer). Afterwards, the teeth were sectioned transversely and submitted to histotechnical processing to obtain histological sections for microscopic evaluation.

Biocompatibility of intracanal medications based on calcium hydroxide.

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rat subcutaneous tissue reaction to calcium hydroxide-based intracanal medicaments, UltraCal XS (calcium hydroxide, barium sulphate, aqueous matrix), Hydropast (calcium hydroxide, barium sulphate, and propyleneglycol), and Calen (Calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide, colophony, and polyethyleneglycol), used as a control. Methods.

Physicochemical properties of endodontic sealers of different bases.

Objective: To assess the setting time (ST), flow (FL), radiopacity (RD), solubility (SB) and dimensional change following setting (DC) of different sealers (AH Plus®, Polifil, Apexit Plus®, Sealapex®, Endométhasone® and Endofill®) according to American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Specification 57.

Material And Methods: Five samples of each material were used for each test. For ST, cast rings were filled with sealers and tested with a Gilmore needle.

Persistence of epoxy-based sealer residues in dentin treated with different chemical removal protocols.

The presence of residual endodontic sealer in the pulp chamber may cause discoloration of the dental crown and interfere with the adhesion of restorative materials. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different solvents in removing residues of an epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus) from the dentin walls of the pulp chamber, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Forty-four bovine incisor dental crown fragments were treated with 17% EDTA and 2.

Percentage of gutta-percha in mesial canals of mandibular molars obturated by lateral compaction or single cone techniques.

The aim of this study was to compare the percentage of gutta-percha (PGP) in mesial root canals of mandibular molars obturated with LC (Lateral Compaction) or SC (Single Cone) ProTaper Universal System techniques at different levels of the root. Mesial root canals of 20 human permanent molars with similar anatomical characteristics were instrumented using the ProTaper Universal rotary system technique until the F2 instrument, with 20 canals filled by SC ProTaper Universal technique and 20 canals by the LC technique. The mesial roots were sectioned transversely to 3, 5, and 7 mm from the root apex.

Fracture strength of incisor crowns after intracoronal bleaching with sodium percarbonate.

Objectives: To compare the fracture resistance of bovine teeth after intracoronal bleaching with sodium percarbonate (SPC) or sodium perborate (SP) mixed with water or 20% hydrogen peroxide (HP).

Materials And Methods: Fifty extracted bovine teeth were divided into four experimental groups (G1-G4) and one control (n = 10) after endodontic treatment. Following root canal obturation, a glass ionomer barrier was placed at the cemento-enamel junction.

Penetration into dentin of sodium hypochlorite associated with acid solutions.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the penetration of 2.5% NaOCl associated with 17.0% EDTA, 1.

Repair of critical-size defects with autogenous periosteum-derived cells combined with bovine anorganic apatite/collagen: an experimental study in rat calvaria.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone repair using autogenous periosteum-derived cells (PDC) and bovine anorganic apatite and collagen (HA-COL). PDC from Wistar rats (n=10) were seeded on HA-COL discs and subjected to osteoinduction during 6 days. Critical-size defects in rat calvarias were treated with blood clot (G1), autogenous bone (G2), HA-COL (G3) and HA-COL combined with PDC (G4) (n=40), and then analyzed 1 and 3 months after surgeries.

Ozonized oils: a qualitative and quantitative analysis.

Most of the problems of endodontic origin have a bacterial etiological agent. Thus, there is a continued interest in seeking more effective chemical substances that can replace the camphorated paramonochiorophenol or antibiotics as intracanal medicaments. Among the possible substances, ozone has some interesting biological characteristics: bactericidal action, debriding effect, angiogenesis stimulation capacity and high oxidizing power.

An in vitro evaluation of apicoectomies and retropreparations using different methods.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate: 1) the apical root surface, gutta-percha interface, and preparation time of root-end resections made with burs, ultrasound, or laser; and 2) the thickness of surrounding dentin after laser or ultrasonic root-end cavity preparation.

Study Design: 1) Thirty root-filled teeth were resected as follows: Zekrya bur in group I, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) ultrasonic tip (9.5107-8) in group II, and ErCr:YSGG (Waterlase) in group III.

Reliability of assessing dye penetration along root canal fillings using methylene blue.

Methylene blue (MB) remains the most frequently used tracer for dye penetration tests of endodontic fillings, despite its chemical reactions with different materials. This study checked whether dye penetration displayed by MB is comparable to Rhodamine B (RB). One hundred and seventy-two root canals were filled with gutta-percha and six sealers.

Bacterial leakage evaluation of root canals filled with different endodontic sealers.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of AH Plus, Epiphany, Acroseal, Endofill, and Polifil after active lateral condensation technique, by using a bacterial test, during 64 days.

Study Design: One hundred bovine incisors were cleaned and shaped; then they were filled with the endodontic sealers and adapted into a microcentrifuge tube. The setup root/microcentrifuge tube was added to glass flasks containing Brain Heart Infusion broth.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of Acroseal, Polifil and Epiphany against Enterococcus faecalis.

Using the agar diffusion method, this study evaluated the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the commercial endodontic sealers Acroseal and Epiphany, a castor-oil based experimental sealer, Polifil, and a primer agent (Epiphany self-etching primer), against Enterococcus faecalis. Zinc oxide and eugenol cement (ZOE) served as control. Five wells per dish were made at equidistant points and immediately filled with the test and control materials.