SMART Syndrome: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare condition characterized by stroke-like deficits, seizures, and headache that can occur years after radiation therapy (RT) to the brain. RT is a cornerstone in the treatment of primary brain tumours and is indicated in more than 90% of patients. It is therefore essential to be aware of this entity to prevent misdiagnosis leading to inappropriate treatment.

Different Faces of Rathke's Cleft Cyst.

Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are rare benign cystic lesions that might present with different imaging features, potentially posing a problem in the radiological diagnosis of cystic sellar lesions. The purpose of this pictorial review is to present an overview of the radioclinical features of RCC through four clinical cases with different radiologic findings confirmed by pathology, as well as reviewing the common differential diagnosis to be considered. The subjects are women, aged 11 to 73 who underwent recent transsphenoidal surgical resection with a postoperative follow-up period of a few months to three years.

Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on rats with post-operative ileus.

Background: Post-operative ileus (POI) is a type of bowel dismotility causing accumulation of gas and fluid. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been frequently used for medical applications such as pain treatment and nervous stimulation. In this experimental animal model of POI, our aim is to investigate the effects of TENS on POI, and to demonstrate histopathological changes in rat intestine after TENS application.

Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor.

Aim: To present the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of a multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT).

Material And Methods: The authors identified four patients with MVNT in the hospital between January 2015 and October 2019. Both the clinical and radiological data of the patients were collected for analysis.

Infarct Volumes of Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Receiving Direct Oral Anticoagulants due to Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation.

Unlabelled: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been shown to decrease the risk of ischemic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study aims to investigate whether DOACs result in a significant change in lesion volume and the severity of the subsequent disability in patients who have experienced a stroke.

Methods: The study included a total of 137 patients with NVAF and acute stroke.

The Correlation of Intraabdominal Pressure With Renal Resistive Index.

Background: To evaluate the correlation between intraabdominal pressure (IAP) measured via the bladder and renal resistive index (RRI) measured by Doppler ultrasonography (USG).

Methods: Eighty consecutive surgical patients were included into this study. Before Doppler USG evaluation, IAP was measured by a Foley catheter via the bladder.

Correlation of pelvic fractures and associated injuries: An analysis of 471 pelvic trauma patients.

Background: In most respects, the vast majority of pelvic injuries is not of a life-threatening status, but co-presence of other injuries needs to be diagnosed. This study aims to evaluate associated pelvic and extra-pelvic visceral organ injuries of the patients with closed pelvic fractures.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted with 471 adult patients who had been admitted to our Emergency Service with the diagnosis of pelvic fractures.

Spontaneous perforation of pyometra: A rare cause of acute abdomen and sepsis.

Pyometra, the accumulation of purulent material in the uterine cavity, is a rare gynecological condition whose etiology is impaired drainage of the uterine cavity. It is uncommon in premenopausal age and occurs mainly in older and postmenopausal women. Clinical signs of pyometra are vaginal discharge, postmenopausal bleeding, and lower abdominal pain.

CT-guided tractography is a safe and complementary diagnostic tool in the management of penetrating abdominal trauma.

Background/objective: Despite extensive published research, the surgical approach to penetrating abdominal trauma patients is still under debate. Computed tomography-guided tractography (CTT) is an imaging modality in which water soluble iodinated contrast medium is administered into the site of the injury in the CT unit. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the CTT.

Shear Wave Sonoelastography Findings of Testicles in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Who Undergo Hemodialysis.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to cause significant deterioration in the function of the testicles and sexual dysfunction in male patients who undergo hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to show the changes in the testicles that occur as a result of hypogonadism secondary to CKD and to analyze the elasticity of the parenchyma by shear wave sonoelastography.

Materials And Methods: In our study we included 28 male patients who undergo dialysis three times per week and 25 healthy volunteers.

Carpal tunnel syndrome: elastosonographic strain ratio and cross-sectional area evaluation for the diagnosis and disease severity.

Aim: To evaluate the role of gray scale ultrasonography (US) and real time elastosonography (RTE) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Materials And Methods: Both wrists of 18 healthy volunteers (n=36) formed the control group (Group 1) and 19 symptomatic outpatients of the neurology clinic constituted the patient group. According to nerve conduction study results, cases with mild CTS (n=15) formed Group 2; cases with moderate to severe CTS (n=20) formed Group 3.

Endovascular treatment for acute traumatic thoracic aortic transection.

Background: This study aimed to present our experience in patients with acute traumatic thoracic aortic transection treated by endovascular stent-graft.

Methods: From October 2011 to October 2014, eleven patients were brought to our hospitals after suffering motor vehicle accident or fall from height. Computed tomography revealed acute traumatic transection of the thoracic aorta at the aortic isthmus just distal to the left subclavian artery in nine patients, at the middle or distal thoracic aorta in two, and both aortic isthmus and middle thoracic aorta in one.

[Angiographic evaluation of branching pattern and anatomy of the aortic arch].

Objective: The study aimed to investigate anatomical variations in branching pattern and anatomy of the aortic arch, and the prevalence of each type.

Methods: Between September 2011 and November 2013, angiographic studies of 270 patients (144 male, 126 female) were analyzed retrospectively for variations in branching pattern and anatomy of the aortic arch. Patient mean age was 59.

Cystic schwannoma of the axillary region: imaging findings of a rare disease. Case report.

Schwannomas are well capsulated, benign, and slowly growing tumors which originate from Schwann cells of peripheral nerve sheath. The incidence of schwannomanas in the axillary region is not common. This rarity causes misdiagnosis at the radiological evaluation.

The role of diffusion weighted MR imaging in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.

Objective: To understand the utility of Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis.

Conclusion: DWI can analyse the major manifestations of acute pancreatitis without any contrast agent use and may replace Abdominal CT and routine Pancreas MRI as a primary investigation tool for acute pancreatitis.

Value of prostate gland volume measurement by transrectal US in prediction of the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms.

Aim: The aim of our study was to analyze the value of prostate gland volume measurement by transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in prediction of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).

Material And Methods: One hundred and one patients undergoing TRUS guided core needle prostate biopsy for the investigation of prostate cancer were prospectively evaluated. All patients had filled in the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) scala, tested for PSA and prostate volume measurement was done by TRUS prior to biopsy.

The role of elastosonography, gray-scale and colour flow Doppler sonography in prediction of malignancy in thyroid nodules.

Background: Ultrasound is as a noninvasive method commonly used in the work-up of thyroid nodules. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of sonographic and elastosonographic parameters in the discrimination of malignancy.

Patients And Methods: 150 thyroid nodules were evaluated by gray-scale, Doppler and elastosonography.

The role of elastosonography in the differentiation of parotid gland lesions: report of three cases and review of the literature.

Background: The parotid gland is the mostly affected site among major salivary gland tumors in up to 85% of cases. Preoperative knowledge of the tumour nature is crucial since it influences the surgical procedure and patient's morbidity, especially the risk of facial nerve palsy. Ultrasonography is commonly used as the first line imaging modality for the salivary gland lesions.

Superselective arterial embolization of pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula caused by transurethral resection of the prostate.

Background: Pelvic vascular lesions such as pseudoaneurysms and arteriovenous fistulas associated with the internal pudendal artery are uncommon. The most common cause is traumas including those of iatrogenic origin. Surgical treatment is complicated due to location of the lesions and endovascular approach is usually the first choice among the treatment options.

Can arteriovenous malformation prevent the diagnosis of brain death?

We present a case of a 14-year-old boy with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage that was referred to us to confirm the diagnosis of brain death with cerebral angiography. In the left carotid angiogram, there was no arterial flow above the craniovertebral junction. But in the right carotid angiogram, there was arterial flow up to the level of posterior communicating artery.

Real time sonoelastographic evaluation of renal allografts in correlation with clinical prognostic parameters: comparison of linear and convex transducers according to segmental anatomy.

Background: Renal transplantation is the treatment of choice in end-stage renal disease. Chronic allograft dysfunction is the leading cause of chronic allograft failure. Surveillance biopsy is the only reliable tool to detect early fibrosis in the allograft.

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of periventricular white matter and hippocampus in obstructive sleep apnea patients.

Background: The purpose of this study was to diagnose the hypoxic impairment by Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), an advanced MR imaging technique, which could not be visualised by routine imaging methods in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Material/methods: 20 OSA patients and 5 controls were included in this prospective research. MRS was performed on these 25 subjects to examine cerebral hypoxemia in specific regions (periventricular white matter and both hippocampi).

The use of bronchial arteries in the characterization of primary lung cancer: an MDCT study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to discuss the use of ipsilateral bronchial artery dilatation when a solitary lung mass is detected on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 55 patients with solitary lung mass. An MDCT scanner was used for the study.