Chronic unpredictable mild stress increases serum aldosterone without affecting corticosterone levels and induces hepatic steatosis and renal injury in young adult male rats.

Stress is often associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Stress is associated with components of metabolic syndrome and inflammation. The present study hypothesizes that aldosterone, more than corticosterone, promotes chronic stress-hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, as well as renal inflammation and fibrosis in young adult rats.

Bioactive compounds from Prosthechea karwinskii decrease obesity, insulin resistance, pro-inflammatory status, and cardiovascular risk in Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The orchid Prosthechea karwinskii is a species endemic to Mexico, which is used in traditional medicine to lower glucose levels in patients with diabetes, and to treat inflammation-related problems. Recent studies have shown that this orchids can reduce glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in Wistar rats, which were previously induced to have metabolic syndrome (MS).

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the effect of P.

High-sucrose diet potentiates hyperaldosteronism and renal injury induced by stress in young adult rats.

Analyze the effect of stress and high-sucrose diet on serum aldosterone levels and the morphometric characteristics of the kidney in young adult rats. Wistar male rats aged 21 days old weaned were randomly assigned into four groups: control (C), stressed (St), high-sucrose diet (S30), and chronic restraint stress plus a 30% sucrose diet (St + S30). Rats were fed with a standard chow and tap water ad libitum (C group) or 30% sucrose diluted in water (S30 group) during eight weeks.

Cd36 gene expression in adipose and hepatic tissue mediates the lipids accumulation in liver of obese rats with sucrose-induced hepatic steatosis.

Obesity is considered a global epidemic and is mainly associated with the development of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFLD). The pathogenesis between obesity and hepatic steatosis is partially known, but could involve differentiated or tissue-specific participation of the expression of Cd36 mRNA that codes for a receptor which is a transporter of free fatty acids (FFA) in different tissues, favoring the lipids storage. This relative expression was evaluated in adipose and liver tissue in rats with steatosis after consumption of sucrose for 30 and 40 weeks.

Tissue Changes in the Development of Fatty Liver by Chronic Ingestion of Sucrose Associated with Obesity and Dyslipidemia in Rats.

A diet high in sucrose, which is a common food constituent, induces obesity and non- alcoholic fatty liver (NFLD) caused by high caloric intake; however, it is important to investigate those sequential changes in the hepatic parenchyma related to sugar consumption which are associated to obesity and dyslipidemia. We analyzed the effects of long-term sucrose intake on fatty liver development, by the administration of 30% sucrose in drinking water in healthy Wistar rats during 30 weeks. Serum variables, body fat index, caloric intake and microscopic examination of liver tissue were monitored.

Comparative Effect between Sardine Oil and Fish Oil Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Hypertension and the Membrane Composition of Adipocytes in SHR Rats.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have an important role in reducing hypertriglyceridemia, these acids decrease the mortality for Coronary Heart Disease. Very important is the relationship between fatty acid biosynthesis and distribution in organs and tissues involved in insulin resistance and hypertension due to its role in the production of vasoactive eicosanoids and their effects on insulin sensitivity; which is estimated with the HOMA-IR index, which relates the physiological and metabolic behavior of glucose and insulin in the body. The aim of this project was to compare the effect of sardine oil and omega-3 oils rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids: EPA (≈30%) and DHA (≈50%) administered for 6 to 8 wk respectively; on the lipid composition of the plasma membrane of epididymal adipocytes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and their relation to obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension.

Dietary sucrose regulates the expression of the Cd36 gene in hepatic tissue of rats with obesity and Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

Aim: To evaluate the mRNA expression levels of Cd36 in adipose and hepatic tissues, in rats with NAFLD after the consumption of sucrose for 10 and 20 weeks.

Methods: Twenty Wistar rats, all nearly 21 days old were divided into two experimental groups (NAFLD-10 and NAFLD-20), that received a standard diet (2014 Teklad Global) plus 30% sucrose in their drinking water for 10 and 20 weeks and the control groups (C Groups). Variables such as body weight, food intakes, and serum parameters were measured.

Preparation, characterization and bioavailability by oral administration of O/W curcumin nanoemulsions stabilized with lysophosphatidylcholine.

Curcumin is the main and most abundant bioactive component in Curcuma longa L. with documented properties in the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative and infectious diseases. However, curcumin has low solubility in aqueous media, hence low bioavailability when administered orally.

Enhanced Bioavailability of Curcumin Nanoemulsions Stabilized with Phosphatidylcholine Modified with Medium Chain Fatty Acids.

Background: Curcumin is a natural, oil-soluble polyphenolic compound with potent anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. In its free form, it is very poorly absorbed in the gut due to its very low solubility. The use of nanoemulsions as carrier is a feasible way for improving curcumin bioavailability.

High Sucrose Intake Ameliorates the Accumulation of Hepatic Triacylglycerol Promoted by Restraint Stress in Young Rats.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder. Stress promotes the onset of the NAFLD with a concomitant increment in the activity of the hepatic 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD-1). However, the interaction between the stress and a carbohydrate-enriched diet for the development of NAFLD in young animals is unknown.

Impact of micronized starfruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) fiber concentrate on lipid metabolism in mice.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of micronized insoluble fiber from starfruit bagasse as an ingredient of a functional food (FF) or as micronized insoluble fiber-rich fraction (IFRF) and its effects in vivo on lipids metabolism in a murine model. Experimental animals were divided in four isoproteic (15.8%) treatments differing on the fiber and cholesterol level used.

Cholesterol oxidation and astaxanthin degradation in shrimp during sun drying and storage.

Dried salted shrimps are made from raw shrimps, which are cooked and dried under direct sunlight. The preparation and storage include treatments and conditions that can promote oxidative changes in different components. The aim of this study was to monitor the formation of major cholesterol oxidation products and the changes in the astaxanthin content and fatty acid profile in dried salted shrimp during cooking, sun drying and storage.

Alteration of some inflammatory biomarkers by dietary oxysterols in rats.

Oxysterols are structurally similar to cholesterol, but are characterized by one or more additional oxygen-containing functional groups. These compounds are implicated in inflammation given their ability to cause irreversible damage to vascular cells. The aim of this study was to study the alteration of some inflammatory biomarkers in Wistar rats in response to dietary oxysterols.

Biochemical and histopathological effects of dietary oxidized cholesterol in rats.

Cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) have been associated with the genesis of chronic degenerative diseases, such as atherosclerosis. The purpose of this work was to study the histological changes by toxic effects of dietary COPs in liver and kidney. Five-week-old male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups of 10 rats each.