Background: Proteomics offers potential for detecting and monitoring anorexia nervosa (AN) and its variant, atypical AN (atyp-AN). However, research has been limited by small protein panels, a focus on adult AN, and lack of replication.
Methods: In this study, we performed Olink multiplex profiling of 92 inflammation-related proteins in females with AN/atyp-AN ( = 64), all of whom were ≤90% of expected body weight, and age-matched healthy control individuals ( = 44).
Background: Eating disorders (ED) are severe psychiatric disorders, commonly debuting early. Aberrances in the intrauterine environment and at birth have been associated with risk of ED. Here, we explore if, and at what effect size, a variety of such exposures associate with offspring ED, that is, anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProteomics provides an opportunity for detection and monitoring of anorexia nervosa (AN) and its related variant, atypical-AN (atyp-AN). However, research to date has been limited by the small number of proteins explored, exclusive focus on adults with AN, and lack of replication across studies. This study performed Olink Proseek Multiplex profiling of 92 proteins involved in inflammation among females with AN and atyp-AN (N = 64), all < 90% of expected body weight, and age-matched healthy controls (HC; N=44).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSynbiotic 2000, a pre + probiotic, reduced comorbid autistic traits and emotion dysregulation in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients. Immune activity and bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are microbiota-gut-brain axis mediators. The aim was to investigate Synbiotic 2000 effects on plasma levels of immune activity markers and SCFAs in children and adults with ADHD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnorexia nervosa (AN) is one of the most lethal psychiatric disorders. To date, we lack adequate knowledge about the (neuro)biological mechanisms of this disorder to inform evidence-based pharmacological treatment. Gut dysbiosis is a trending topic in mental health, including AN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder where caloric restriction, excessive physical activity and metabolic alterations lead to life-threatening situations. Despite weight restoration after treatment, a significant part of patients experience relapses. In this translational study, we combined clinical and preclinical approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) family member protein GRK3 has been linked to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Expression, as well as protein levels, of GRK3 are reduced in post-mortem prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia subjects. Here, we investigate functional behavior and neurotransmission related to immune activation and psychosis using mice lacking functional Grk3 and utilizing a variety of methods, including behavioral, biochemical, electrophysiological, molecular, and imaging methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and relapse rates. Even though changes in inflammatory markers and cytokines are known to accompany cachexia associated with somatic disorders such as cancer and chronic kidney disorder, studies on inflammatory markers in AN are rare and typically include few individuals. Here, we utilize an Olink Proteomics inflammatory panel to explore the concentrations of 92 preselected inflammation-related proteins in plasma samples from women with active AN (N = 113), recovered from AN (AN-REC, N = 113), and normal weight healthy controls (N = 114).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Maternal obesity, pregestational type 1 and 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes have been reported to increase the risk of autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the mothers' offspring. However, the associations of maternal diabetes disorders and body mass index jointly with psychiatric disorders among offspring are less well documented, especially for type 2 diabetes.
Objective: To examine the associations of different types of maternal diabetes, separately and together with maternal obesity, with psychiatric disorders in the mothers' offspring.
The hypothalamus contains integrative systems that support life, including physiological processes such as food intake, energy expenditure, and reproduction. Here, we show that anorexia nervosa (AN) patients, contrary to normal weight and constitutionally lean individuals, respond with a paradoxical reduction in hypothalamic levels of glutamate/glutamine (Glx) upon feeding. This reversal of the Glx response is associated with decreased wiring in the arcuate nucleus and increased connectivity in the lateral hypothalamic area, which are involved in the regulation on a variety of physiological and behavioral functions including the control of food intake and energy balance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder with high mortality and, to a large extent, unknown pathophysiology. Structural brain differences, such as global or focal reductions in grey or white matter volumes, as well as enlargement of the sulci and the ventricles, have repeatedly been observed in individuals with AN. However, many of the documented aberrances normalize with weight recovery, even though some studies show enduring changes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnimal models are invaluable resources in research concerning the neurobiology of anorexia nervosa (AN), to a large extent since valid clinical samples are rare. None of the existing models can capture all aspects of AN but they are able to mirror the core features of the disorder e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Maternal obesity, pregestational type 1 diabetes, and gestational diabetes have been reported to increase the risks for large birth weight and preterm birth in offspring. However, the associations for insulin-treated diabetes and non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes, as well as the associations for joint diabetes disorders and maternal body mass index, with these outcomes are less well documented.
Objective: To examine associations of maternal diabetes disorders, separately and together with maternal underweight or obesity, with the offspring being large for gestational age and/or preterm at birth.
Accumulating evidence suggests that GDF15 is a biomarker for ageing and morbidity of many somatic disorders such as cancer and inflammatory disorders. Recently, elevated serum GDF15 level was proposed as a marker for mood disorder. However, psychosis severity was not investigated in relation to plasma GDF15 levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe anorectic mouse exhibits a mitochondrial complex I dysfunction that is related to aberrant expression of hypothalamic neuropeptides and transmitters regulating food intake. Hypothalamic activity, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
August 2015
Inflammation and impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation are considered key players in the development of several metabolic disorders, including diabetes. We have previously shown inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction in the hypothalamus of an animal model for anorexia, the anx/anx mouse. Moreover, increased incidence of eating disorders, e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnorexia, meaning poor appetite, occurs in many human conditions, for example, anorexia nervosa, cachexia, and failure to thrive in infants. A key player in the regulation of appetite/food intake in general, as well as conditions of anorexia, is the hypothalamus, in particular, the AGRP/NPY and POMC/CART neurons in the arcuate nucleus. In this chapter, we review the hypothalamic aberrances seen in the anorectic anx/anx mouse.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
November 2011
The anorectic anx/anx mouse exhibits disturbed feeding behavior and aberrances, including neurodegeneration, in peptidergic neurons in the appetite regulating hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Poor feeding in infants, as well as neurodegeneration, are common phenotypes in human disorders caused by dysfunction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). We therefore hypothesized that the anorexia and degenerative phenotypes in the anx/anx mouse could be related to defects in the OXPHOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMice homozygous for the anorexia (anx) mutation are characterized by poor food intake and death by three to five weeks after birth. By P21 these mice display lower density of hypothalamic neuropeptides, including Agouti gene-related protein (AGRP). The AGRP/neuropeptide Y (NPY) system of the anx/anx mice develops normally until postnatal day (P) 12, then the normal increase in fiber density ceases, in some areas even distinctly decreases.
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