Effect of Water Chemistry on Antimony Removal by Chemical Coagulation: Implications of ζ-Potential and Size of Precipitates.

The process of coagulation and precipitation affect the fate and mobility of antimony (Sb) species in drinking water. Moreover, the solubility and physico-chemical properties of the precipitates may be affected by the media chemistry. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the removal of Sb(III, V) species by ferric chloride coagulation under various water chemistry influences with a particular focus on the role of the properties of the precipitates.

Interaction of Arsenic Species with Organic Ligands: Competitive Removal from Water by Coagulation-Flocculation-Sedimentation (C/F/S).

The co-occurrence of arsenic (As) and organic ligands in water bodies has raised environmental concerns due to their toxicity and adverse effects on human health. The present study aims to elucidate the influences of hydrophobic/hydrophilic organic ligands, such as humic acid (HA) and salicylic acid (SA), on the interactive behavior of As species in water. Moreover, the competitive removal behaviors of As(III, V) species and total organic carbon (TOC) were systematically investigated by coagulation-flocculation-sedimentation (C/F/S) under various aqueous matrices.

The Influence of Ionic and Nonionic Surfactants on the Colloidal Stability and Removal of CuO Nanoparticles from Water by Chemical Coagulation.

The widespread use of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) and surfactants in various consumer products makes it likely that they coexist in aqueous environments, making it important to study the effects of surfactants on the fate and transport behavior of CuO NPs. The present study aims to investigate the influence of anionic sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and nonionic nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPEO, Tergitol NP-9), on CuO NPs adsorption, aggregation, and removal from water by the coagulation process. The result of the sorption study indicates that both surfactants could be adsorbed on the surface of CuO NPs, and that SLS remarkably decreases the ζ potential as well as the hydrodynamic diameter (HDD) of CuO as compared to NP-9.

Complexation of Antimony with Natural Organic Matter: Performance Evaluation during Coagulation-Flocculation Process.

The presence of natural organic matter (NOM) in drinking water sources can stabilize toxic antimony (Sb) species, thus enhancing their mobility and causing adverse effects on human health. Therefore, the present study aims to quantitatively explore the complexation of hydrophobic/hydrophilic NOM, i.e.

Interaction between Persistent Organic Pollutants and ZnO NPs in Synthetic and Natural Waters.

The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDPEs) in different products and applications leads to the likelihood of their co-occurrence in the aquatic system, making it important to study the effect of PBDPEs on the fate and transport of ZnO NPs. In this study, we determine the influence of PBDPEs (BDPE-47 and BDPE-209) on the colloidal stability and physicochemical properties of ZnO NPs in different aqueous matrices. The results indicated the shift in ζ potential of ZnO NP from positive to negative in the presence of both PBDPEs in all tested waters; however, the effect on the NPs surface potential was specific to each water considered.

Feasibility analysis of homogenizer coupled solar photo Fenton process for waste activated sludge reduction.

In this study, an attempt has been made to reduce the sludge using novel homogenizer coupled solar photo Fenton (HPF) process. At an optimum pH of 3 and Fe to HO dosage of 1:6, PF process yielded 63.7% solids reduction at a time interval of 45 min.

The Removal of CuO Nanoparticles from Water by Conventional Treatment C/F/S: The Effect of pH and Natural Organic Matter.

The increased use of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), such as copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs), in commercial products and applications raises concern regarding their possible release into freshwater sources. Therefore, their removal from water is important to eliminate adverse environmental and human health effects. In this study, the effects of pH and natural organic matter (NOM), i.

Evaluation of photocatalytic thin film pretreatment on anaerobic degradability of exopolymer extracted biosolids for biofuel generation.

This study reports the result of sodium citrate induced exopolymer extraction on the photocatalytic thin film (TiO) pretreatment efficiency of waste activated sludge (WAS). TiO is immobilized through DC spluttering method followed by annealing process. The exopolymer removal of 94.

Combinative treatment of phenol-rich retting-pond wastewater by a hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor and solar photofenton process.

In this study, recalcitrant rich retting-pond wastewater was treated primarily by anaerobic treatment and subsequently treated with a solar photofenton process to remove phenol and organics. The anaerobic treatment was carried out in a granulated laboratory scale hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (HUASBR) with a working volume of 5.9 L.

Enhancing biomethanation from dairy waste activated biomass using a novel EGTA mediated microwave disintegration.

A novel approach to explore the impact of calcium specific chelant - Ethylene glycol tetra acetic acid (EGTA) on deflocculation followed by biomass disintegration using microwave (MW) was investigated. In the first phase of the study, the EGTA dosage of 0.012 g/g suspended solids (SS) was found to be optimal for disassociating the biomass.

Marsilea spp.-A novel source of lignocellulosic biomass: Effect of solubilized lignin on anaerobic biodegradability and cost of energy products.

The present study concerns the liquefying potential of an unusual source of lignocellulosic biomass (Marsilea spp., water clover, an aquatic fern) during combinative pretreatment. The focus was on how the pretreatment affects the biodegradability, methane production, and profitability of thermochemical dispersion disintegration (TCDD) based on liquefaction and soluble lignin.

Profitable ultrasonic assisted microwave disintegration of sludge biomass: Modelling of biomethanation and energy parameter analysis.

In this study, microwave irradiation has been employed to disintegrate the sludge biomass profitably by deagglomerating the sludge using a mechanical device, ultrasonicator. The outcomes of the study revealed that a specific energy input of 3.5 kJ/kg TS was found to be optimum for deagglomeration with limited cell lysis.

HO induced cost effective microwave disintegration of dairy waste activated sludge in acidic environment for efficient biomethane generation.

This study aimed to improve the biomethane potential of dairy waste activated sludge (WAS) by HO-acidic pH induced microwave disintegration (HAMW-D) pretreatment approach. The results of HAMW-D compared with the microwave disintegration (MW-D) alone for energy and economic factors. In the two phase disintegration process, the HO concentration of about 0.

Surfactant coupled sonic pretreatment of waste activated sludge for energetically positive biogas generation.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate (DOSS, a surfactant) on lysis rate of sludge and specific energy required for sonic pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS). Different ultrasonic power levels, WAS concentrations, DOSS dosages, and specific energy levels were used to compare pretreatment efficiencies. At an optimum time of 10min with ultrasonic power level of 160W, DOSS coupled sonic pretreatment resulted in better lysis rate (24.

Enhancement of biogas production from microalgal biomass through cellulolytic bacterial pretreatment.

Generation of bioenergy from microalgal biomass has been a focus of interest in recent years. The recalcitrant nature of microalgal biomass owing to its high cellulose content limits methane generation. Thus, the present study investigates the effect of bacterial-based biological pretreatment on liquefaction of the microalga Chlorella vulgaris prior to anaerobic biodegradation to gain insights into energy efficient biomethanation.

Synergetic effect of combined pretreatment for energy efficient biogas generation.

Physiochemical disintegration of waste activated biosolids (WAB) through thermochemical (TC) pretreatment requires high energy and cost for efficient energy generation. Therefore in the present study, an attempt has been made to enhance the biodegrdability and to minimize the operational cost of TC pretreatment by combining it with ozonation. A higher solubilization of about 30.

Immobilized and MgSO induced cost effective bacterial disintegration of waste activated sludge for effective anaerobic digestion.

In this study, an attempt was made to disintegrate waste activated sludge (WAS) in a cost-effective way. During the first phase of this study, effective break down of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) was performed by deflocculating WAS with 0.1 g/g SS of MgSO.

Energy-efficient methane production from macroalgal biomass through chemo disperser liquefaction.

In this study, an effort has been made to reduce the energy cost of liquefaction by coupling a mechanical disperser with a chemical (sodium tripolyphosphate). In terms of the cost and specific energy demand of liquefaction, the algal biomass disintegrated at 12,000rpm for 30min, and an STPP dosage of about 0.04g/gCOD was chosen as an optimal parameter.

Upgrading the hydrolytic potential of immobilized bacterial pretreatment to boost biogas production.

In this study, surfactant dioctyl sodium sulphosuccinate (DOSS)-mediated immobilized bacterial pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) was experimentally proved to be an efficient and economically feasible process for enhancing the biodegradability of WAS. The maximal floc disruption with negligible cell cleavage was achieved at surfactant dosage of 0.009 g/g SS.

Fenton mediated ultrasonic disintegration of sludge biomass: Biodegradability studies, energetic assessment, and its economic viability.

Mechanical disintegration of sludge through ultrasonication demands high energy and cost. Therefore, in the present study, a comprehensive investigation was performed to analyze the potential of a novel method, fenton mediated sonic disintegration (FSD). In FSD process, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of sludge was first removed via fenton treatment.

Impact of thermo-chemo-sonic pretreatment in solubilizing waste activated sludge for biogas production: Energetic analysis and economic assessment.

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of solubilization during thermo-chemo-sonic pretreatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) on anaerobic biodegradability and cost for biogas production. The results revealed that it was possible to achieve 40-50% of solubilization of WAS when ultrasonic energy input was doubled (11,520-27,000kJ/kgTS). The cost to achieve 30-35% of solubilization of WAS was calculated to be 0.

Structural and Kinetic Characteristics of 1,4-Dioxane-Degrading Bacterial Consortia Containing the Phylum TM7.

1,4-Dioxane-degrading bacterial consortia were enriched from forest soil (FS) and activated sludge (AS) using a defined medium containing 1,4-dioxane as the sole carbon source. These two enrichments cultures appeared to have inducible tetrahydrofuran/dioxane and propane degradation enzymes. According to qPCR results on the 16S rRNA and soluble di-iron monooxygenase genes, the relative abundances of 1,4-dioxane-degrading bacteria to total bacteria in FS and AS were 29.

Enhancement of sludge anaerobic biodegradability by combined microwave-H2O2 pretreatment in acidic conditions.

The aim of this study was to increase the sludge disintegration and reduce the cost of microwave (MW) pretreatment. Thermodynamic analysis of MW hydrolysis revealed the best fit with a first-order kinetic model at a specific energy of 18,600 kJ/kg total solids (TS). Combining H2O2 with MW resulted in a significant increment in solubilization from 30 to 50 % at 18,600 kJ/kg TS.

A novel perchlorate- and nitrate-reducing bacterium, Azospira sp. PMJ.

A novel perchlorate-reducing bacterium (PCRB), PMJ, was isolated from the mixed liquor suspended solids in the aerobic tank of a wastewater treatment plant. The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), perchlorate reductase, and chlorite dismutase gene sequences revealed that PMJ belonged to the genus Azospira. PMJ was removed high-strength (700 mg/L) perchlorate and also removed low-strength (≤50 mg/L) perchlorate below the detection limit (2 μg/L) when acetate was used as a sole and carbon source.

Enhancement of aerobic biodegradability potential of municipal waste activated sludge by ultrasonic aided bacterial disintegration.

An investigation was performed to study the influence of ultrasonic aided bacterial disintegration on the aerobic degradability of sludge. In first phase of the study, effective floc disruption was achieved at an ultrasonic specific energy input of 2.45kJ/kg TS with 44.