[Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy].

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder with abnormal brain activity. It causes convulsions or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness. Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) affects an estimated 15%-20% of patients with epilepsy.

The Absence of Myelin Basic Protein Reduces Non-Amyloidogenic Processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein.

Background: The accumulation of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in the brain is a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ peptides originate from amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP can be proteolytically cleaved through amyloidogenic or non-amyloidogenic pathways.

Adult Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Diagnosed by Biopsy of the Skull Tumor Generated after Craniotomy.

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a disease characterized by the proliferation of Langerhans cells. Most cases of LCH occur in children, although it can be seen in adults as well. We encountered an adult case of LCH.

Dural cyst at the foramen magnum.

A 69-year-old male presented with a rare dural cyst manifesting as numbness and pain in the limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a mass anterior to the medulla oblongata appearing as low intensity on T(1)-weighted and high intensity on T(2)-weighted imaging, with no enhancement. A cystic lesion ventral to the medulla oblongata was removed via the lateral suboccipital transcondylar approach.

Localization of epileptic foci in children with intractable epilepsy secondary to multiple cortical tubers by using synthetic aperture magnetometry kurtosis.

Object: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has been typically used to localize epileptic activity by modeling interictal activity as equivalent current dipoles (ECDs). Synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM) is a recently developed adaptive spatial filtering algorithm for MEG that provides some advantages over the ECD approach. The SAM-kurtosis algorithm (also known as SAM[g2]) additionally provides automated temporal detection of spike sources by using excess kurtosis value (steepness of epileptic spike on virtual sensors).

Minimally invasive magnetic resonance imaging-guided stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation for epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartomas.

Objective: To validate the safety and efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SRT) for epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma (HH), we evaluated surgical outcomes and revised the MRI classification.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 25 consecutive patients with HH (age range, 2-36 years; mean age, 14.8 years) with gelastic seizures.

[Case of prosthodontic treatment by overdenture with magnetic and bar attachments].

Patient: An implant prosthesis with O-ring attachments had been fabricated for edentulous mandible. The patient complained of decreasing retention of the denture and frequent loosening of implant abutments. In order to resolve these problems, an implant overdenture prosthesis with magnetic and bar attachments was planned.

Ultrastructural analysis of the paranodal junction of myelinated fibers in 31-month-old-rats.

Recent studies have revealed a significant decrease in white matter volume, including loss of myelin, with age but minimal decrease in gray matter volume (Guttmann et al., [1998] Neurology 50:972-978). Myelin is necessary for the rapid conduction of impulses along axons.